Age and HbA1c in Diabetes: A Negative Association Modified by Red Cell Characteristics.

: While a positive correlation between age and HbA1c has been suggested in non-diabetic individuals, warranting higher HbA1c reference ranges for older adults, evidence among individuals with diabetes is less clear and may reveal an inverse trend. This study aimed to examine the relationship between age and HbA1c in a diabetic population, considering red cell parameters and other confounding factors; : This cross-sectional study included 268 diabetic participants from Mongolia-Japan University Hospital (mean age 57.0 ± 9.

Chaga mushroom extract suppresses oral cancer cell growth via inhibition of energy metabolism.

Oral cancer stands as a prevalent maligancy worldwide; however, its therapeutic potential is limited by undesired effects and complications. As a medicinal edible fungus, Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) exhibits anticancer effects across diverse cancers. Yet, the precise mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain unclear.

Impact of Whey Protein Corona Formation around TiO Nanoparticles on Their Physiochemical Properties and Gastrointestinal Fate.

Previously, we found that whey proteins form biomolecular coronas around titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles. Here, the gastrointestinal fate of whey protein-coated TiO nanoparticles and their interactions with gut microbiota were investigated. The antioxidant activity of protein-coated nanoparticles was enhanced after simulated digestion.

Double hits with bioactive nanozyme based on cobalt-doped nanoglass for acute and diabetic wound therapies through anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic functions.

Regeneration of pathological wounds, such as diabetic ulcers, poses a significant challenge in clinical settings, despite the widespread use of drugs. To overcome clinical side effects and complications, drug-free therapeutics need to be developed to promote angiogenesis while overcoming inflammation to restore regenerative events. This study presents a novel bioactive nanozyme based on cobalt-doped nanoglass (namely, CoNZ), which exhibits high enzymatic/catalytic activity while releasing therapeutic ions.

3D Bioprinting tissue analogs: Current development and translational implications.

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising and rapidly evolving technology in the field of additive manufacturing. It enables the fabrication of living cellular constructs with complex architectures that are suitable for various biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, disease modeling, drug screening, and precision regenerative medicine. The ultimate goal of bioprinting is to produce stable, anatomically-shaped, human-scale functional organs or tissue substitutes that can be implanted.

Physicochemical, Biological, and Antibacterial Properties of Four Bioactive Calcium Silicate-Based Cements.

Calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) is a pharmaceutical agent that is widely used in dentistry. This bioactive material is used for vital pulp treatment due to its excellent biocompatibility, sealing ability, and antibacterial activity. Its drawbacks include a long setting time and poor maneuverability.

Refining the evolutionary tree of the horse Y chromosome.

The Y chromosome carries information about the demography of paternal lineages, and thus, can prove invaluable for retracing both the evolutionary trajectory of wild animals and the breeding history of domesticates. In horses, the Y chromosome shows a limited, but highly informative, sequence diversity, supporting the increasing breeding influence of Oriental lineages during the last 1500 years. Here, we augment the primary horse Y-phylogeny, which is currently mainly based on modern horse breeds of economic interest, with haplotypes (HT) segregating in remote horse populations around the world.

Physicochemical, Pre-Clinical, and Biological Evaluation of Viscosity Optimized Sodium Iodide-Incorporated Paste.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of different viscosities of silicone oil on the physicochemical, pre-clinical usability, and biological properties of a sodium iodide paste. Six different paste groups were created by mixing therapeutic molecules, sodium iodide (D30) and iodoform (I30), with calcium hydroxide and one of the three different viscosities of silicone oil (high (H), medium (M), and low (L)). The study evaluated the performance of these groups, including I30H, I30M, I30L, D30H, D30M, and D30L, using multiple parameters such as flow, film thickness, pH, viscosity, and injectability, with statistical analysis ( < 0.

Maintenance of complete mucosal healing is associated with avoiding restenosis after endoscopic balloon dilation of Crohn's disease-related small intestinal strictures.

Background: Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is an effective, minimally invasive treatment for Crohn's disease (CD) related intestinal strictures. However, restenosis frequently occurs and requires repetitive EBD or surgical resection. Since previous studies could not evaluate restenosis based on stricture diameter, factors affecting restenosis after EBD were unclear.

Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory effect of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Central Nervous System.

Neuroinflammation is a critical event that responds to disturbed homeostasis and governs various neurological diseases in the central nervous system (CNS). The excessive inflammatory microenvironment in the CNS can adversely affect endogenous neural stem cells, thereby impeding neural self-repair. Therapies with neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) have shown significant inhibitory effects on inflammation, which is mainly achieved through intercellular contact and paracrine signalings.

A review of recent strategies to improve the physical stability of phycocyanin.

There is an increasing demand for more healthy and sustainable diets, which led to an interest in replacing synthetic colors with natural plant-based ones. Phycocyanin, which is commonly extracted from , has been explored as a natural blue pigment for application in the food industry. It is also used as a nutraceutical in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products because of its potentially beneficial biological properties, such as radical scavenging, immune modulating, and lipid peroxidase activities.

Nanoceria-GO-intercalated multicellular spheroids revascularize and salvage critical ischemic limbs through anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic functions.

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a serious form of peripheral arterial disease that involves severe blockage of blood flow in lower extremities, often leading to foot necrosis and limb loss. Lack of blood flow and high pro-inflammation with overproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CLI aggravate the degenerative events. Among other therapies, cell delivery is considered potential for restoring regenerative capacity, and preservation of cell survival under high oxidative stress has been challenging and prerequisite to harness cellular functions.

The Potential Application of Human Gingival Fibroblast-Conditioned Media in Pulp Regeneration: An In Vitro Study.

Regenerative endodontic treatment based on tissue engineering has recently gained interest in contemporary restorative dentistry. However, low survival rates and poor potential differentiation of stem cells could undermine the success rate of pulp regenerative therapy. Human gingival fibroblast-conditioned medium (hGF-CM) has been considered a potential therapy for tissue regeneration due to its stability in maintaining multiple factors essential for tissue regeneration compared to live cell transplantation.

One-pot synthesis and enzyme-responsiveness of amphiphilic doxorubicin prodrug nanomicelles for cancer therapeutics.

In this study, we report a one-pot synthesis and enzyme-responsiveness of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and glutamic acid (Glu)-based amphiphilic doxorubicin (DOX) prodrug nanomicelles for cancer therapeutics. The nanomicelles were accomplished by esterification and amidation reactions. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) data confirmed the structure of nanomicelles.

Premixed Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealer Reinforced with Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles to Improve Biological Properties.

Recently, bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGns) have been acknowledged for their ability to promote interactions with the periapical tissue and enhance tissue regeneration by releasing therapeutic ions. However, there have been no studies on calcium silicate sealers with bioactive glass nanoparticle (BGn) additives. In the present study, a premixed calcium silicate root canal sealer reinforced with BGn (pre-mixed-RCS@BGn) was developed and its physicochemical features and biological effects were analyzed.

Photocatalytic effect-assisted antimicrobial activities of acrylic resin incorporating zinc oxide nanoflakes.

To overcome the deficiency of the antimicrobial effect of polymer, zinc oxide nanoparticles have been widely utilized as advanced nanofillers due to their antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity. However, the underlying antimicrobial mechanism has not been fully understood apart from topological and physical characteristics. In this study, we prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles-based acrylic resin to explore its antimicrobial mechanism under controlled mechanophysical conditions by using silane-treated zinc oxide nanoflakes (S-ZnNFs).

Investigating the Effects of Conditioned Media from Stem Cells of Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth on Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Pulp regeneration has recently attracted interest in modern dentistry. However, the success ratio of pulp regeneration is low due to the compromising potential of stem cells, such as their survival, migration, and odontoblastic differentiation. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) have been considered a promising tool for regenerative therapy due to their ability to secrete multiple factors that are essential for tissue regeneration, which is achieved by minimally invasive procedures with fewer ethical or legal concerns than those of other procedures.

Investigating the mechanophysical and biological characteristics of therapeutic dental cement incorporating copper doped bioglass nanoparticles.

Objective: This study was investigated the mechanophysical properties of zinc phosphate cement (ZPC) with or without the copper doped bioglass nanoparticles (Cu-BGn) and their biological effect on dental pulp human cells and bacteria.

Materials And Methods: Cu-BGn were synthesized and characterized firstly and then, the experimental (Cu-ZPC) and control (ZPC) samples were fabricated with similar sizes and/or dimensions (diameter: 4 mm and height: 6 mm) based on the International Organization of Standards (ISO). Specifically, various concentrations of Cu-BGn were tested, and Cu-BGn concentration was optimized at 2.

Entropy-driven binding of gut bacterial β-glucuronidase inhibitors ameliorates irinotecan-induced toxicity.

Irinotecan inhibits cell proliferation and thus is used for the primary treatment of colorectal cancer. Metabolism of irinotecan involves incorporation of β-glucuronic acid to facilitate excretion. During transit of the glucuronidated product through the gastrointestinal tract, an induced upregulation of gut microbial β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity may cause severe diarrhea and thus force many patients to stop treatment.

Nanoscale Calcium Salt-Based Formulations As Potential Therapeutics for Osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis causes severe bone damage, posing potential risks to human health, patient quality of life, and society. Calcium has been widely shown to enhance bone density and prevent osteoporosis-related bone fractures. Here, we focused on calcium salt formulations containing natural substances and their possible therapeutic effects on osteoporosis.

Endoscopic ischemic polypectomy for small-bowel polyps in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Background: To decrease the risk of bleeding or perforation, ischemic polypectomy is performed using a detachable snare or endoclip with double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) for small-bowel polyps in patients with Peutz - Jeghers syndrome. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and feasibility of ischemic polypectomy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent two or more sessions of ischemic polypectomy using DBE from July 2004 to August 2017.

Revascularization and limb salvage following critical limb ischemia by nanoceria-induced Ref-1/APE1-dependent angiogenesis.

In critical limb ischemia (CLI), overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impairment of neovascularization contribute to muscle damage and limb loss. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNP, or 'nanoceria') possess oxygen-modulating properties which have shown therapeutic utility in various disease models. Here we show that CNP exhibit pro-angiogenic activity in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model, and investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the pro-angiogenic effect.