Medical Student Confidence in Meeting Disability Competencies: Results of a national survey-based study.

People with disabilities have recently been declared a population at increased risk of health disparities, and research has cited a lack of physician training as a cause of that increased risk. Prior studies demonstrate that physicians lack confidence in caring for people with disabilities, but there is little research on disability competency among medical students. This study assessed medical students' confidence in six disability-related competencies and tested for associations between perceived confidence and students' personal demographics and institutional characteristics.

Diversity of nocturnal Cerambycidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) from seven localities in Michoacán, Mexico, with description of a new species.

We used a long-time light trap for capturing nocturnal beetles. The specimens collected belong to 24 species, 21 genera, 11 tribes, and three subfamilies of the family Cerambycidae. Of these, Gnaphalodes trachyderoides Thomson, 1861; Tylcus hartwegii (White, 1855); Anelaphus piceus (Chemsak, 1962); Metironeus hesperus Chemsak, 1991; Pseudoperiboeum subarmatum Linsley, 1935; Neocompsa puncticollis asperula (Bates, 1885); Compsibidion vanum (Thomson, 1867); Canidia spinicornis (Bates, 1881); Lepturges (Lepturges) angulatus (LeConte, 1852); Sternidius naeviicornis (Bates, 1885); Oreodera noguerai McCarty, 2001; Eupogonius arizonensis Knull, 1954; Lypsimena fuscata Haldeman, 1847; Arhopalus asperatus (LeConte, 1859); and Arhopalus montanus (LeConte, 1873) represent new state records.

Exposure to Dengue Virus During Pregnancy: Incidence and Impact on Maternal and Child Outcomes.

Dengue virus (DENV) is the most common arbovirus globally, with its incidence growing dramatically in recent decades. Although the effects of DENV infection during pregnancy are unclear, reported associations with adverse health outcomes include miscarriage, prematurity, and low birth weight. In this study, we used an IgG ELISA to identify mothers exposed to DENV during pregnancy by testing samples obtained from a previous study that followed a cohort of pregnant women in Kenya to investigate parasitic infections during pregnancy.

Source identification and human exposure assessment of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticisers in soil and outdoor dust from Nigerian e-waste dismantling and dumpsites.

Electronic waste (e-waste) dismantling and dumpsite processes are major sources of organophosphate flame retardant and plasticiser emissions and may pose potentially adverse effects on environment and human health. In 20 outdoor dust and 49 soil samples collected from four e-waste dismantling and three e-waste dumpsites in two States of Nigeria (Lagos and Ogun), we identified 13 alternative plasticisers (APs), 7 legacy phthalate plasticisers (LPs), and 17 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) for the first time in African e-waste streams. In the samples from dismantling sites, the range (median) concentrations of ∑APs, ∑LPs, and ∑OPFRs were 11-2747 μg/g (144 μg/g), 11-396 μg/g (125 μg/g), and 0.

Corrigendum to "WCN24-465 RISK OF MORTALITY IN PATIENTS RECEIVING HIGH-VOLUME ONLINE HEMODIAFILTRATION (OL-HDF) VERSUS HIGH-FLOW HEMODIALYSIS (HD) THERAPY IN 14 FRESENIUS MEDICAL CARE ECUADOR (FMC) CLINICS" [ Volume 9, Issue 4, Supplement, April 2024, Page S359].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.

Pallidal and Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation in the Treatment of Unilateral Dystonia: A Prospective Assessment.

Background: The complexities of unilateral dystonia have led to exploring simultaneous (dual) globus pallidus internus (GPi) and motor ventral thalamus (Vim/Vop) deep brain stimulation (DBS), yet detailed assessments are lacking.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of GPi, Vim/Vop, and dual DBS in unilateral dystonia.

Methods: Three patients with unilateral dystonia (two idiopathic, one acquired), implanted with two DBS electrodes targeting ipsilateral Vim/Vop and GPi, were included.

Natural history of shedding and household transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 using intensive high-resolution sampling.

Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to 775 million documented cases and over 7 million deaths worldwide as of March 2024 and is an ongoing health crisis. To limit viral spread within households and in the community, public health officials have recommended self-isolation, self-quarantine of exposed household contacts, and mask use. Yet, risk of household transmission (HHT) may be underestimated due to low frequency of sampling, and risk factors for HHT are not well understood.

Faecal proteomics links neutrophil degranulation with mortality in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Objective: Patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) have a high mortality. Alcohol exacerbates liver damage by inducing gut dysbiosis, bacterial translocation and inflammation, which is characterised by increased numbers of circulating and hepatic neutrophils.

Design: In this study, we performed tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics to analyse proteins in the faeces of controls (n=19), patients with alcohol-use disorder (AUD; n=20) and AH (n=80) from a multicentre cohort (InTeam).

Diabetes current and future translatable therapies.

Diabetes is one of the major diseases and concerns of public health systems that affects over 200 million patients worldwide. It is estimated that 90% of these patients suffer from diabetes type 2, while 10% present diabetes type 1. This type of diabetes and certain types of diabetes type 2, are characterized by dysregulation of blood glycemic levels due to the total or partial depletion of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells.

Learning Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Qualitative Assessment of the Experiences of Pregnant Latinas Infected with COVID-19 and Their Perspectives on Vaccination.

Objectives: To examine the experiences of pregnant Hispanic/Latine people with COVID-19, as well as their perspectives on COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.

Methods: We interviewed birthing parents who received care from a teaching hospital in California and tested positive for COVID-19 during pregnancy or delivery. We analyzed transcripts using the constant comparative method for analyzing data to using a phenomological epidemiological approach.

Chiral separation of propranolol by electrokinetic chromatography using nanodiamonds and human serum albumin as a pseudo-stationary phase in river water.

Propranolol is currently considered as an emerging contaminant in water bodies. In this study, R- and S-propranolol were determined in river samples by electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) using nanodiamonds (NDs) and human serum albumin (HSA) as a pseudo-stationary phase in order to achieve enantioseparation. Previously, river samples were preconcentrated using a column filled with Amberlite® IR-120 and Dowex® 50WX8 resins.

Serum aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity is associated with survival in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Background And Aims: Patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) have an altered fecal metabolome, including reduced microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites, which function as ligands for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). The aim of this study was to assess serum AhR ligand activity in patients with AH.

Approach And Results: The study included 74 controls without AUD, 97 patients with AUD, and 330 patients with AH from 2 different multicenter cohorts (InTeam: 134, AlcHepNet: 196).

Exploring the hidden chemical landscape: Non-target and suspect screening analysis for investigating solid waste-associated environments.

Solid waste is an inevitable consequence of urbanization. It can be safely managed in municipal landfills and processing plants for volume reduction or material reuse, including organic solid waste. However, solid waste can also be discarded in (un-)authorized dumping sites or inadvertently released into the environment.

Pesticides and PPCPs in aquatic ecosystems of the andean central region: Occurrence and ecological risk assessment in the Uco valley.

Uco valley (Mendoza, Argentina) suffers the concomitant effect of climate change, anthropic pressure and water scarcity. Moreover chemical pollution to aquatic ecosystems could be another pressuring factor, but it was not studied enough to the present. In this sense, the aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of pesticides, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in aquatic ecosystems of the Uco Valley and to perform an ecological risk assessment (ERA).

Qualitative perspectives on COVID-19, interpersonal violence, and interventions to improve well-being from adolescent girls and young women in Kisumu, Kenya.

Introduction: Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) face a high burden of gender-based violence (GBV) worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic and associated policies led to global increases in GBV, decreased access to resources, and disruptions of pathways to care. We aimed to understand the effects of COVID-19 on AGYW affected by GBV in Kisumu, Kenya, as well as to identify possible interventions to mitigate those effects.

Comparison of microvascular decompression, percutaneous radiofrequency rhizotomy, and stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: A long term quasi-experimental study.

Background: Microvascular decompression (MVD), radiofrequency rhizotomy (RFR), and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) are surgical techniques frequently used in the treatment of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN), although the results reported for each of these are diverse.

Objective: This study aimed to compare long-term pain control obtained by MVD, SRS, and RFR in patients with idiopathic TN.

Methods: To compare the results obtained by MVD, SRS, and RFR we chose a quasi-experimental, ambispective design with control groups but no pretest.

Assessment of legacy and alternative halogenated organic pollutants in outdoor dust and soil from e-waste sites in Nigeria: Concentrations, patterns, and implications for human exposure.

E-waste is often processed informally, particularly in developing countries, resulting in the release of harmful chemicals into the environment. This study investigated the co-occurrence of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including legacy and alternative halogenated flame retardants (10 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), syn and anti-dechlorane plus (DP)), 32 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 12 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), in 20 outdoor dust and 49 soil samples from 7 e-waste sites in Nigeria. This study provides the first report on alternative flame retardants (DBDPE and DP) in Nigeria.

Understanding ART Adherence among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Western Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study of Barriers and Facilitators.

Background: HIV remains a leading cause of death for adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa. This population has a high incidence of HIV and other comorbidities, such as experiencing violence, and low antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. To reach global HIV goals, data are needed on the specific adherence barriers for AGYW living with HIV, so interventions can be targeted effectively.

Rapid emergence and transmission of virulence-associated mutations in the oral poliovirus vaccine following vaccination campaigns.

There is an increasing burden of circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) due to the continued use of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). However, the informativeness of routine OPV VP1 sequencing for the early identification of viruses carrying virulence-associated reversion mutations has not been directly evaluated in a controlled setting. We prospectively collected 15,331 stool samples to track OPV shedding from children receiving OPV and their contacts for ten weeks following an immunization campaign in Veracruz State, Mexico and sequenced VP1 genes from 358 samples.

Impact of shield location on staff and caregiver dose rates for I-131 radiopharmaceutical therapy patients.

The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of the location and width of a single lead shield on the dose rate of staff and caregivers in a hospital room with an I-131 patient. The best orientation of the patient and caregiver relative to the shield was determined based on minimizing staff and caregiver radiation dose rates. Shielded and unshielded dose rates were simulated using a Monte Carlo computer simulation and validated using real-world ionisation chamber measurements.

Women physicians receive lower Press Ganey patient satisfaction scores in a multicenter study of outpatient gynecology care.

Background: Emerging data suggest that patient satisfaction data are subject to inherent biases that negatively affect women physicians.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the association between the Press Ganey patient satisfaction survey and physician gender in a multi-institutional study of outpatient gynecologic care.

Study Design: This was a multisite, observational, population-based survey study using the results of Press Ganey patient satisfaction surveys from 5 unrelated community-based and academic medical institutions with outpatient gynecology visits between January 2020 and April 2022.

Qualitatively exploring the impact of a relationship-centered communication skills training program in improving patient perceptions of care.

Objective: To explore qualitative patient experience comments before and after a relationship-centered communication skills training to understand patient experience, program impact, and opportunities for improvement.

Methods: Qualitative patient experience evaluation data was captured from January 2016 to December 2018 for 483 health care clinicians who participated in the skills training. A random sampling of available open-ended patient comments ( = 33,223) were selected pre-training ( = 668) and post-training ( = 566).