Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Infections.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) represent severe complications in diabetic patients, often leading to chronic infections and potentially resulting in nontraumatic lower-limb amputations. The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in DFUs complicates treatment strategies and worsens patient prognosis. Among these pathogens, carbapenemase-producing pathogens have emerged as particularly concerning owing to their resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems.

Identifying multidrug-resistant organisms in diabetic foot ulcers: a study of risk factors and antimicrobial resistance genes.

This study aims to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of bacterial isolates from DFU patients, identify the prevalence of MDROs, and identify specific risk factors contributing to these infections to inform effective antibiotic treatment strategies. This prospective cohort study included 187 DFU patients from March 2023 to February 2024 at King Khalid Hospital, Saudi Arabia. The exclusion criteria were nondiabetic ulcers, specific infections, tumours, or recent antibiotic use.

Cardioprotective effect of 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (19,20-EDP) in ischemic injury involves direct activation of mitochondrial sirtuin 3.

Aims: Although current clinical therapies following myocardial infarction have improved patient outcomes, morbidity, and mortality rates secondary to ischemic and ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury remains high. Maintaining mitochondrial quality is essential to limit myocardial damage following cardiac ischemia and IR injury. The mitochondrial deacetylase sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) plays a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial function and cardiac energy metabolism.

Altered functional connectivity in preterm neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage assessed using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common neurological injury following very preterm birth. Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is associated with injury severity; yet, fMRI is impractical for use in intensive care settings. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measures RSFC through cerebral hemodynamics and has greater bedside accessibility than fMRI.

Physiotherapists Lack Knowledge in Mental Health: A Survey of Knowledge and Attitudes of Physical Therapists About Their Role in Mental Health.

Purpose: As the number of mental illnesses increases, there is a need to manage it holistically within a multidisciplinary team. The majority of patients with physical disabilities suffer from mental health problems, and physiotherapy can play a role in improving their lifestyle. This study aimed to determine physiotherapists' self-reported knowledge and attitudes regarding their role in treating patients with mental health disorders.

Narrative review on nanoparticles based on current evidence: therapeutic agents for diabetic foot infection.

Diabetes's effects on wound healing present a major treatment challenge and increase the risk of amputation. When traditional therapies fail, new approaches must be investigated. With their submicron size and improved cellular internalisation, nanoparticles present a viable way to improve diabetic wound healing.

Hesperidin Supplementation Improves Altered PON -1, LDL Oxidation, Inflammatory Response and Hepatic Function in an Experimental Rat Model of Hyperlipidemia.

In this study, we have examined the effect of hesperidin on rats fed on an experimental high-fat diet. Male Wistar rats were given a high-fat diet orally for one month for developing an HFD (High fat- diet) model. Rats were also supplemented with hesperidin (100 mg/kg body weight) for one month.

Altered resting-state functional connectivity in newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy assessed using high-density functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) results from a lack of oxygen to the brain during the perinatal period. HIE can lead to mortality and various acute and long-term morbidities. Improved bedside monitoring methods are needed to identify biomarkers of brain health.

Loss of muscle PDH induces lactic acidosis and adaptive anaplerotic compensation via pyruvate-alanine cycling and glutaminolysis.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme for glucose oxidation that links glycolysis-derived pyruvate with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Although skeletal muscle is a significant site for glucose oxidation and is closely linked with metabolic flexibility, the importance of muscle PDH during rest and exercise has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that mice with muscle-specific deletion of PDH exhibit rapid weight loss and suffer from severe lactic acidosis, ultimately leading to early mortality under low-fat diet provision.

Advanced glycation end product signaling and metabolic complications: Dietary approach.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous collection of compounds formed during industrial processing and home cooking through a sequence of nonenzymatic glycation reactions. The modern western diet is full of heat-treated foods that contribute to AGE intake. Foods high in AGEs in the contemporary diet include processed cereal products.

Subcortical brain volumes in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Background: Despite treatment with therapeutic hypothermia, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is associated with adverse developmental outcomes, suggesting the involvement of subcortical structures including the thalamus and basal ganglia, which may be vulnerable to perinatal asphyxia, particularly during the acute period. The aims were: (1) to examine subcortical macrostructure in neonates with HIE compared to age- and sex-matched healthy neonates within the first week of life; (2) to determine whether subcortical brain volumes are associated with HIE severity.

Methods: Neonates (n = 56; HIE: n = 28; Healthy newborns from the Developing Human Connectome Project: n = 28) were scanned with MRI within the first week of life.

Fasting increases susceptibility to acute myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury through a sirtuin-3 mediated increase in fatty acid oxidation.

Fasting increases susceptibility to acute myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) but the mechanisms are unknown. Here, we investigate the role of the mitochondrial NAD-dependent deacetylase, Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), which has been shown to influence fatty acid oxidation and cardiac outcomes, as a potential mediator of this effect. Fasting was shown to shift metabolism from glucose towards fatty acid oxidation.

The Predictive Value of Peripheral Immune Cell Counts for the Presence of Brain Metastases in Stage IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).

 High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor survival in lung cancer. This study evaluates whether NLR is associated with baseline brain metastasis in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).  Medical records of stage IV NSCLC patients treated at King Hussein Cancer Center (Amman-Jordan) between 2006 and 2016 were reviewed.

Atrial fibrillation in cancer patients who develop stroke.

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (Stroke) and transient ischemic attacks (TIA) are known complications in cancer patients and those with atrial fibrillation (AF). The role AF plays in Stroke/TIA in the setting of cancer is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between AF and Stroke/TIA in cancer patients.

Tacrolimus-Induced Neurotoxicity in Early Post-Liver Transplant Saudi Patients: Incidence and Risk Factors.

BACKGROUND Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) commonly used as an immunosuppressant to prevent the rejection of organ transplants. After liver transplantation, it can cause early neurological complications, known as early calcineurin inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity (ECIIN). Its management requires CNI withdrawal, a measure that can affect post-transplant outcomes, primarily allograft rejection.

The integration of mHealth technologies in telemedicine during the COVID-19 era: A cross-sectional study.

Telemedicine is a rapidly expanding field of medicine and an alternative method for delivering quality medical care to patients' fingertips. With the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in the use of telemedicine to connect patients and healthcare providers, which has been made possible by mobile health (mHealth) applications. The goal of this study was to compare the satisfaction of patients with telemedicine among mHealth users and non-users.

Outcomes, Trends, and Predictors of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (from the National Inpatient Sample).

Major bleeding has been identified as one of the most common complications after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with some suffering gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). This study aimed at assessing the incidence and predictors of GIB after TAVI in the United States. We performed a retrospective analysis of data from the National Inpatient Sample database from 2011 to 2018.

Airway injury and pneumomediastinum associated with less invasive surfactant administration in a premature neonate: a case report.

Background: The use of less invasive surfactant administration (LISA)/minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) has increased due to its potential advantage over traditional surfactant delivery methods through an endotracheal tube. Known complications for this procedure include failure of the first attempt at insertion, desaturation, and bradycardia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema following LISA.

Paediatric asthma exacerbation admissions and stringency of non-pharmaceutical interventions: Results from a developing country.

Background: Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) mitigation measures implemented to mitigate COVID-19 has brought unprecedented global impact. Changes in daily living routines, reduction in physical activities, and changes in environmental indicators were suggested to positively impact paediatric asthma indicators in western cultures. Little is known about such impact in developing countries.

Prevalence of overweight and obesity and their associated factors among health sciences college students, Saudi Arabia.

Context: The healthcare sciences college students have a lifestyle with low physical activity and disordered eating habits, which exposes them to a higher risk of obesity. Health science college students were the target group of particular interest in this study as they are future physicians. If they are overweight or obese, they will carry the wrong impression to the general population.

The clinical potential of circulating immune cell counts in primary gastric lymphoma.

Background: High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is linked to poor overall survival (OS) in gastrointestinal tract cancers. This study explores the clinical value of NLR, in addition to absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and other hematologic parameters in association with distant metastases and OS in primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) patients.

Methods: Clinical data of 139 PGL patients who received treatment at King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman-Jordan were retrospectively evaluated.

Medical students' perceptions of their educational environment in an integrated curriculum in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: To measure medical students' perceptions of their educational environment and to determine the potential differences in those perceptions with regard to gender and the year of study.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in 2018-19, and comprised medical students enrolled at the college. Data was collected using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure scale.