Seasonal Distribution and Diversity of Non-Insect Arthropods in Arid Ecosystems: A Case Study from the King Abdulaziz Royal Reserve, Kingdom Saudi Arabia.

The biodiversity of invertebrate animals is largely affected by climatic changes. This study evaluates the seasonal abundance and diversity of non-insect arthropods in the King Abdulaziz Royal Reserve (KARR), Saudi Arabia, over four collection periods (summer, autumn, winter, and spring) during 2023. Sampling was conducted across multiple sites in the reserve using both active (manual collection and active surveying for the diurnal species) and passive (pitfall traps and malaise traps for the nocturnal species) methods.

Nursing experience and leadership skills among staff nurses and intern nursing students in Saudi Arabia: a mixed methods study.

Background: Nurse leaders have a crucial impact in healthcare settings. Hospitals require qualified nurses with leadership skills to provide healthy work environments and enhance the outcomes related to staff nurses and patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nursing experience on leadership skills among staff nurses and intern nursing students.

The ability of digital breast tomosynthesis to reduce additional examinations in older women.

Aims: To assess the diagnostic performance of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in older women across varying breast densities and to compare its effectiveness for cancer detection with 2D mammography and ultrasound (U/S) for different breast density categories. Furthermore, our study aimed to predict the potential reduction in unnecessary additional examinations among older women due to DBT.

Methods: This study encompassed a cohort of 224 older women.

Awareness and Knowledge of Women About Hormone Replacement Therapy in Taif City, Saudi Arabia.

Background It is crucial for women to have a good understanding of menopause from a young age, as this natural transition can have significant effects on their lives. Having this knowledge can help them handle the associated changes and improve their overall well-being. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness, attitude, and misconceptions regarding hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and menopause among women residing in the Taif region.

Community Awareness of Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot) in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) or clubfoot is known as a deformity characterized by excessively turned-in feet and high medial longitudinal arches. It is one of the most common musculoskeletal abnormalities. It is estimated that approximately 20% of CTEV cases are caused by another congenital disease or syndromic condition.

Chest Radiograph Severity Scores, Comorbidity Prevalence, and Outcomes of Patients with Coronavirus Disease Treated at the King Abdullah University Hospital in Jordan: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) often undergo chest x-ray (CXR). Utilizing CXR findings could reduce the cost of COVID-19 treatment and the resultant pressure on the Jordanian healthcare system.

Methods: We evaluated the association between the CXR severity score, based on the Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema (RALE) scoring system, and outcomes of patients with COVID-19.

Modified Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm with Exploration Factor and Random Walk Strategy.

One of the most popular population-based metaheuristic algorithms is Harris hawks optimization (HHO), which imitates the hunting mechanisms of Harris hawks in nature. Although HHO can obtain optimal solutions for specific problems, it stagnates in local optima solutions. In this paper, an improved Harris hawks optimization named ERHHO is proposed for solving global optimization problems.

Service-Centric Heterogeneous Vehicular Network Modeling for Connected Traffic Environments.

Heterogeneous vehicular communication on the Internet of connected vehicle (IoV) environment is an emerging research theme toward achieving smart transportation. It is an evolution of the existing vehicular ad hoc network architecture due to the increasingly heterogeneous nature of the various existing networks in road traffic environments that need to be integrated. The existing literature on vehicular communication is lacking in the area of network optimization for heterogeneous network environments.

An Efficient 5G Data Plan Approach Based on Partially Distributed Mobility Architecture.

Reaching a flat network is the main target of future evolved packet core for the 5G mobile networks. The current 4th generation core network is centralized architecture, including Serving Gateway and Packet-data-network Gateway; both act as mobility and IP anchors. However, this architecture suffers from non-optimal routing and intolerable latency due to many control messages.

Enhancing EEG-Based Mental Stress State Recognition Using an Improved Hybrid Feature Selection Algorithm.

In real-life applications, electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for mental stress recognition require a conventional wearable device. This, in turn, requires an efficient number of EEG channels and an optimal feature set. This study aims to identify an optimal feature subset that can discriminate mental stress states while enhancing the overall classification performance.

Enhanced Slime Mould Algorithm for Multilevel Thresholding Image Segmentation Using Entropy Measures.

Image segmentation is a fundamental but essential step in image processing because it dramatically influences posterior image analysis. Multilevel thresholding image segmentation is one of the most popular image segmentation techniques, and many researchers have used meta-heuristic optimization algorithms (MAs) to determine the threshold values. However, MAs have some defects; for example, they are prone to stagnate in local optimal and slow convergence speed.

New-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation: Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.

Many patients develop new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation (NODAT). Its incidence and epidemiology are unknown in the Saudi population. We aimed to study the incidence, epidemiology, and outcomes of kidney transplant recipients who developed NODAT.

Outcomes of kidneys utilized from deceased donors with severe acute kidney injury.

Background: Significant numbers of kidneys are discarded due to raised terminal creatinine of the donor.

Aim: To determine long-term outcomes of kidneys utilized from donors with severe acute kidney injury (AKI).

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included all patients who received kidneys from deceased donors between years 2000 and 2012.

Population dynamics and tuberculosis: a cross sectional study of an overlooked disease in Saudi Arabia.

Background: International travel, migration and human population movements facilitate the spread of tuberculosis (TB).

Objective: To study the impact of poorly screened expatriates working in Saudi Arabia on the local incidence of TBs.

Patients And Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Chest Disease Hospital, Taif.

Cost analysis of kidney transplantation in highly sensitized recipients compared to intermittent maintenance hemodialysis.

Background: Kidney transplantation in allosensitized recipients has recently increased. Studies performing cost analysis of desensitization protocols are scarce.

Material/methods: We performed an actual cost comparison between kidney transplantation following desensitization and maintenance hemodialysis.

Targeted monitoring of donor-specific HLA antibodies following renal transplantation.

Development of de novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibody (DSA) with antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is the most important cause of renal allograft loss. Therefore, DSA monitoring might identify grafts susceptible to chronic humoral injury. However, implementing universal monitoring is logistically difficult, costly, and not yet supported by management guidelines, especially in patients with stable graft function.

Bortezomib as an adjuvant to conventional therapy in the treatment of antibody mediated rejection (AMR): the full spectrum.

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a well-known complication of kidney transplantation. Its incidence is higher in HLA and ABO incompatible transplant recipients and in patients who develop de novo HLA antibodies. Different clinical and histological phenotypes of HLA-related AMR have been described with variable responses to conventional AMR treatment (Plasmapheresis, IVIG, thymoglobulin (ATG), and anti-CD20 antibodies).

The Kidney Transplant Program at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center.

More than 1,000 kidney transplants were performed at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH&RC) between 1981-2005. The majority were from living donors. The renal transplant program at KFSH&RC was fundamentally transformed in 2001 with the introduction of renal transplant physicians and the emphasis on multidisciplinary teamwork.