Awareness of Current Surgical Practice for Congenital Scoliosis and Optimal Timing of Treatment Among Physicians and Patients' Families in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Congenital scoliosis (CS) is a developmental spinal deformity characterized by an abnormal curvature of the spine, affecting one in 1,000 births. The mainstay of treatment involves either observation or surgery in significant curve progression. The optimal timing of surgical intervention is debated, with early intervention preferred.

Scoping review of healthcare professionals' views on intimate partner violence in the Middle East and North Africa.

Objectives: This scoping review aims to survey healthcare providers (HCPs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) about their knowledge, attitudes and barriers to working with women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). This review aims to map the breadth of available peer-reviewed literature that may inform future educational training programmes.

Design: Scoping review.

Novel Measurement of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor from A=3 Mirror Nuclei.

The electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron encode information on the spatial structure of their charge and magnetization distributions. While measurements of the proton are relatively straightforward, the lack of a free neutron target makes measurements of the neutron's electromagnetic structure more challenging and more sensitive to experimental or model-dependent uncertainties. Various experiments have attempted to extract the neutron form factors from scattering from the neutron in deuterium, with different techniques providing different, and sometimes large, systematic uncertainties.

Intestinal Stomas-Current Practice and Challenges: An Institutional Review.

Introduction: A stoma is an artificial anastomosis of the gastrointestinal tract to the abdominal skin wall to reroute the stream of feces. Fecal diversion, bowel decompression, and anastomosis protection are common indications for stomas. Relative to other surgical operations, stomas have a high morbidity rate, with rates averaging 40% and ranging 14-79%.

Myxopapillary Ependymoma-a Case Report of Rare Multicentric Subtype and Literature Review.

Background: Myxopapillary ependymoma is a rare type of primary spinal tumor, it is distinctly a slow-growing tumor that originates in the conus medullaris, cauda equina, or film terminals and is rarely identified as a multicentric type. Myxopapillary ependymoma has a unique histological characteristic and is associated with a generally better prognosis.

Objective: We present a case of a rare multicentric myxopapillary ependymoma.

Lipoid Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia With a Novel StAR Gene Mutation.

Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia (LCAH) is characterized by disturbance of adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis (OMIM:201710). It is caused by mutation in the Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein (StAR). We report a classic case of LCAH in a neonate (46, XY) with phenotypic female genitalia who presented with significant salt loss with a novel homozygous variant mutation c.

Intradural extramedullary spinal cord meningioma with a rare extradural foraminal extension: A case report.

Background: Meningiomas are mostly benign and slow-growing neoplasms of the central nervous system. Spinal meningiomas account for up to 45% of all intradural spinal tumors in adults and up to 25%-45% of all spinal tumors. Spinal extradural meningiomas are rare and may be easily confused with malignant neoplasms.

Accuracy of Ultrasound Scans as Compared to Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules.

Introduction: Thyroid nodules (TNs) are among the more common findings on physical examinations. Due to the fear of the TN harboring malignancy and with the increasing incidence of thyroid cancer, ultrasound (US) scanning is used as an important diagnostic tool in the assessment of a TN. The American College of Radiology's Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) was established based on specific patterns composed of two or more features.

Screening Eating Disorders Among Female High School Students in Makkah City: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Introduction:  Eating disorders (EDs) are defined as disturbances in health and psychosocial functioning. They are more predominant in young and adult women and can start at an early age and continue into adulthood. These types of mental illnesses can be prevented with proper training.

Prevalence of Parent-Reported Food Allergies and Associated Risk Predictors Among Children in Saudi Arabia.

Background And Objective: The worldwide prevalence of food allergies has been increasing recently. Due to limited data on food allergy (FA) in Saudi Arabia, this study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of parent-reported food allergies and clinical manifestations in children in Taif, Saudi Arabia.

Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based observational study was conducted from July 2019 to December 2020.

Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei H and He.

When protons and neutrons (nucleons) are bound into atomic nuclei, they are close enough to feel significant attraction, or repulsion, from the strong, short-distance part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. These strong interactions lead to hard collisions between nucleons, generating pairs of highly energetic nucleons referred to as short-range correlations (SRCs). SRCs are an important but relatively poorly understood part of nuclear structure, and mapping out the strength and the isospin structure (neutron-proton (np) versus proton-proton (pp) pairs) of these virtual excitations is thus critical input for modelling a range of nuclear, particle and astrophysics measurements.

Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Cross Section at High Bjorken x_{B}.

We report high-precision measurements of the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) cross section at high values of the Bjorken variable x_{B}. DVCS is sensitive to the generalized parton distributions of the nucleon, which provide a three-dimensional description of its internal constituents. Using the exact analytic expression of the DVCS cross section for all possible polarization states of the initial and final electron and nucleon, and final state photon, we present the first experimental extraction of all four helicity-conserving Compton form factors (CFFs) of the nucleon as a function of x_{B}, while systematically including helicity flip amplitudes.

Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake and Predictors Among Women in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among females, contributing to significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. These numbers have significantly decreased since the implementation of cervical cancer screening. Despite that, screening in many countries, including Saudi Arabia, remains suboptimal.

Measurement of the Nucleon F_{2}^{n}/F_{2}^{p} Structure Function Ratio by the Jefferson Lab MARATHON Tritium/Helium-3 Deep Inelastic Scattering Experiment.

The ratio of the nucleon F_{2} structure functions, F_{2}^{n}/F_{2}^{p}, is determined by the MARATHON experiment from measurements of deep inelastic scattering of electrons from ^{3}H and ^{3}He nuclei. The experiment was performed in the Hall A Facility of Jefferson Lab using two high-resolution spectrometers for electron detection, and a cryogenic target system which included a low-activity tritium cell. The data analysis used a novel technique exploiting the mirror symmetry of the two nuclei, which essentially eliminates many theoretical uncertainties in the extraction of the ratio.

Form Factors and Two-Photon Exchange in High-Energy Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering.

We present new precision measurements of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section for momentum transfer (Q^{2}) up to 15.75  (GeV/c)^{2}. Combined with existing data, these provide an improved extraction of the proton magnetic form factor at high Q^{2} and double the range over which a longitudinal or transverse separation of the cross section can be performed.

Postoperative Outcome of Robot-Assisted Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery is well established for the treatment of discopathy, foraminal disc herniation, and recurrent disc herniation. At the Amiens university medical center, we have been using a robot-assisted technique for performing the TLIF. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the radiological and clinical outcome, specifically pain, of patients having undergone robot-assisted TLIF.

Deep Exclusive Electroproduction of π^{0} at High Q^{2} in the Quark Valence Regime.

We report measurements of the exclusive neutral pion electroproduction cross section off protons at large values of x_{B} (0.36, 0.48, and 0.

Resolution of Idiopathic Epidural Lipomatosis after Bariatric Surgery: Case Report and Literature Review.

Spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) is traditionally a rare disorder defined as an abnormal accumulation of unencapsulated epidural fat. SEL can be classified into idiopathic and secondary. We report a 46-year-old obese male with idiopathic epidural lipomatosis with a clinical picture of bilateral L5 and S1 radiculopathy, with an L5 and S1 distribution.

Assessment of Knowledge and Fear of Scabies in a Saudi Population.

Background And Objectives: Scabies is a common contagious parasitic dermatological illness. In 2017, WHO recognized scabies as a neglected tropical disease. The aim of the present research was to assess the level of knowledge and fear of scabies among the Saudi population.

COVID-19: breaking down a global health crisis.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the second pandemic of the twenty-first century, with over one-hundred million infections and over two million deaths to date. It is a novel strain from the Coronaviridae family, named Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2); the 7th known member of the coronavirus family to cause disease in humans, notably following the Middle East Respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (SARS). The most characteristic feature of this single-stranded RNA molecule includes the spike glycoprotein on its surface.

Ruling out Color Transparency in Quasielastic ^{12}C(e,e^{'}p) up to Q^{2} of 14.2 (GeV/c)^{2}.

Quasielastic ^{12}C(e,e^{'}p) scattering was measured at spacelike 4-momentum transfer squared Q^{2}=8, 9.4, 11.4, and 14.

Probing the Deuteron at Very Large Internal Momenta.

We measure ^{2}H(e,e^{'}p)n cross sections at 4-momentum transfers of Q^{2}=4.5±0.5  (GeV/c)^{2} over a range of neutron recoil momenta p_{r}, reaching up to ∼1.

Beneficial Use and Potential Effectiveness of Physical Activity in Managing Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by poor social and communication skills. Therapeutic interventions are behavioral and educational-normally delivered as structured programs. Several well-established programs exist and most of them do not incorporate physical activity and exercise as core elements.

Safety measures for COVID-19: a review of surgical preparedness at four major medical centres in Saudi Arabia.

In view of the worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, hospitals need contingency planning. This planning should include preparation for an unexpected patient surge. This measure is evolving concomitantly with the implementation of the needed infection control rules.