Exploring skin picking disorder: aetiology, treatment, and future directions.

Skin picking disorder (SPD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by repetitive picking of the skin, causing damage to tissue and significant distress. Despite its prevalence and impact, SPD remains understudied and often overlooked in clinical practice. This review thoroughly examines SPD, including its epidemiology, aetiology, clinical presentation, methods of treatment, challenges, and future directions.

Trigeminal Neuralgia in the Presence of a Vascular Loop and Response to Medical Management: Experience From Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a neurovascular disorder characterized by severe, episodic facial pain, often attributed to vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve. The commonly reported artery responsible for compression is the superior cerebellar artery. Additionally, the anterior inferior cerebellar artery is also noted as a potential contributor to vascular loop compression.

A Machine Learning-Optimized System for Pulsatile, Photo- and Chemotherapeutic Treatment Using Near-Infrared Responsive MoS-Based Microparticles in a Breast Cancer Model.

Multimodal cancer therapies are often required for progressive cancers due to the high persistence and mortality of the disease and the negative systemic side effects of traditional therapeutic methods. Thus, the development of less invasive modalities for recurring treatment cycles is of clinical significance. Herein, a light-activatable microparticle system was developed for localized, pulsatile delivery of anticancer drugs with simultaneous thermal ablation by applying controlled ON-OFF thermal cycles using near-infrared laser irradiation.

Interactions of proteins with heparan sulfate.

Heparan sulfate (HS) is a glycosaminoglycan, polysaccharides that are considered to have arisen in the last common unicellular ancestor of multicellular animals. In this light, the large interactome of HS and its myriad functions in relation to the regulation of cell communication are not surprising. The binding of proteins to HS determines their localisation and diffusion, essential for embryonic development and homeostasis.

Nurses' Knowledge, Perceived Barriers and Practices Regarding Cancer Pain Management: A Scoping Review.

Nursing care plays a crucial role in the management of cancer pain, but nurses often face challenges due to inadequate knowledge, negative attitudes towards opioid use, and suboptimal pain evaluation practices. This scoping review aims to examine nurses' level of knowledge and practices in cancer pain management and identify the barriers they encounter when caring for patients with cancer. A comprehensive search of 50 articles was conducted using multiple databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase Classic + EMBASE (Ovid), The Cochrane Library (Wiley), and CINAHL.

Primary Calvarial Lymphoma: A Case Report.

Calvarial lymphoma is radiologically similar in many respects to meningiomas, solid fibrous tumours, osteomyelitis, and metastatic carcinomas. Even though it is an extremely rare phenomenon, the initial suspicion and detection of calvarial lymphoma are paramount to establishing a correct diagnosis which helps to determine an appropriate management strategy. We present an illustrative rare case of primary calvarial lymphoma along with a literature review focusing on the best management strategy for this rare entity.

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks activate endosomal Toll-like receptors and potentiate immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer.

Nanomaterials offer unique opportunities to engineer immunomodulatory activity. In this work, we report the Toll-like receptor agonist activity of a nanoscale adjuvant zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). The accumulation of ZIF-8 in endosomes and the pH-responsive release of its subunits enable selective engagement with endosomal Toll-like receptors, minimizing the risk of off-target activation.

The Endonasal Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approach to Paediatric Optic Chiasma Glioma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) are rare pediatric tumors that pose significant challenges in management due to their location and clinical manifestations. Traditional transcranial approaches have been the mainstay for surgical intervention, but recent advancements in endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery offer a less invasive alternative. Here, we present a case of a 10-year-old female child with neurofibromatosis type-1 and an aggressive OPG who underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal debulking surgery.

Assessment of the Perception and Worries of Saudi Healthcare Providers About the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Saudi Health Facilities.

Objective This study is aimed at assessing the perception and worries of Saudi healthcare providers about the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in Saudi healthcare facilities. Methods The study adopted a cross-sectional study involving 1026 Saudi healthcare providers between January 2023 and April 2023. The target population was healthcare providers across Saudi health facilities.

A microneedle vaccine printer for thermostable COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.

Decentralized manufacture of thermostable mRNA vaccines in a microneedle patch (MNP) format could enhance vaccine access in low-resource communities by eliminating the need for a cold chain and trained healthcare personnel. Here we describe an automated process for printing MNP Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines in a standalone device. The vaccine ink is composed of lipid nanoparticles loaded with mRNA and a dissolvable polymer blend that was optimized for high bioactivity by screening formulations in vitro.

A Machine Learning-optimized system for on demand, pulsatile, photo- and chemo-therapeutic treatment using near-infrared responsive MoS -based microparticles in a breast cancer model.

Cancer therapy research is of high interest because of the persistence and mortality of the disease and the side effects of traditional therapeutic methods, while often multimodal treatments are necessary based on the patient's needs. The development of less invasive modalities for recurring treatment cycles is thus of critical significance. Herein, a light-activatable microparticle system was developed for localized, pulsatile delivery of anticancer drugs with simultaneous thermal ablation, by applying controlled ON-OFF thermal cycles using near-infrared laser irradiation.

Simultaneous biportal endoscopic management of pineal region tumors in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus: technical notes.

Background: The goal of this study is to show the feasibility and benefits of using the simultaneous biportal endoscopic procedure to treat pineal tumors in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed three patients with pineal tumors and acute obstructive hydrocephalus who were treated in one session with a frameless stereotactic guided simultaneous biportal endoscopic third ventriculostomy and endoscopic tumor biopsy performed through two separate ports using one rigid ventriculoscope.

Results: In the three patients, ventriculostomy and endoscopic biopsies were conducted.

Multiple lessons learned from a single case: Complications from pineal germinoma management.

Background: Pineal tumors are uncommon tumors that affect <1% of adults, with 50% of them being germinomas. A combination of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and tumor biopsy is usually used. Cerebral vasospasm in association with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) has been extensively studied.

Skin Cancer Detection: A Review Using Deep Learning Techniques.

Skin cancer is one of the most dangerous forms of cancer. Skin cancer is caused by un-repaired deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in skin cells, which generate genetic defects or mutations on the skin. Skin cancer tends to gradually spread over other body parts, so it is more curable in initial stages, which is why it is best detected at early stages.

Intrasellar cavernous hemangiomas: A case report with a comprehensive review of the literature.

Background: Extra-axial cerebral cavernous hemangiomas particularly those found in the sellar region, are extremely rare. Their clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics can mimic those of a pituitary adenoma thus making preoperative diagnosis difficult. Few cases are reported in the literature.

Effect of mesenchymal stem cells on cytochrome-c release and inflammation in colon cancer induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in Wistar albino rats.

Colon cancer is one of the most common causes of deaths by cancer worldwide. Stem cells have immunosuppressive properties that promote tumor targeting and circumvent obstacles currently in gene therapy. Bone marrow stem cells are believed to have anticancer potential.

Sustained and targeted delivery of checkpoint inhibitors by metal-organic frameworks for cancer immunotherapy.

The major impediments to the implementation of cancer immunotherapies are the sustained immune effect and the targeted delivery of these therapeutics, as they have life-threatening adverse effects. In this work, biomimetic metal-organic frameworks [zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs)] are used for the controlled delivery of nivolumab (NV), a monoclonal antibody checkpoint inhibitor that was U.S.

A Simple Modified Technique for Frameless Brain Lesion Biopsy.

Published articles pertaining to possible ways to increase the accuracy of image-guided frameless surgery are abundant in the literature. Accurate target localization is dependent on many factors, of which noteworthy is the meticulous registration and constant fixation of instruments during the procedure. Frequent changing of instruments' application or inadvertent destabilization of its fixation during surgery after registration might disrupt the preset navigation measurements, leading to inaccurate targeting.

Atypical haemorrhagic colloid cyst: 2 case reports surgical management and review of literature.

Introduction: Colloid cysts are benign cystic lesions located at the anterior part of the third ventricle mostly at the foramen of Monro and contain colloid material. Hemorrhage in a colloid cyst is exceedingly rare. Only 15 clinically diagnosed cases of haemorrhagic cysts were reported in the literature and 5 more cases on autopsy.

Incidental intraoperative finding of meningioma in spontaneous acute subdural hematoma: A case report from Saudi Arabia and review of literature.

Introduction: An association of meningioma with spontaneous acute subdural hematoma has been rarely reported in the literature. Up to date, 38 cases have been reported.

Presentation Of Case: A 74-year-old Saudi female known case of hypertension presented suddenly with dizziness, headache, and left lower limb weakness for 6 h.

Cell-Type-Specific CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery by Biomimetic Metal Organic Frameworks.

Effective and cell-type-specific delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing elements remains a challenging open problem. Here we report the development of biomimetic cancer cell coated zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) for targeted and cell-specific delivery of this genome editing machinery. Coating ZIF-8 that is encapsulating CRISPR/Cas9 (CC-ZIF) with a cancer cell membrane resulted in the uniformly covered C-ZIF.

Endosomal Escape and Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing Machinery Enabled by Nanoscale Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework.

CRISPR/Cas9 is a combined protein (Cas9) and an engineered single guide RNA (sgRNA) genome editing platform that offers revolutionary solutions to genetic diseases. It has, however, a double delivery problem owning to the large protein size and the highly charged RNA component. In this work, we report the first example of CRISPR/Cas9 encapsulated by nanoscale zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) with a loading efficiency of 17% and enhanced endosomal escape promoted by the protonated imidazole moieties.

Tunable and Linker Free Nanogaps in Core-Shell Plasmonic Nanorods for Selective and Quantitative Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells by SERS.

Controlling the size, number, and shape of nanogaps in plasmonic nanostructures is of significant importance for the development of novel quantum plasmonic devices and quantitative sensing techniques such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Here, we introduce a new synthetic method based on coordination interactions and galvanic replacement to prepare core-shell plasmonic nanorods with tunable enclosed nanogaps. Decorating Au nanorods with Raman reporters that strongly coordinate Ag ions (e.

Colloidal Gold Nanoclusters Spiked Silica Fillers in Mixed Matrix Coatings: Simultaneous Detection and Inhibition of Healthcare-Associated Infections.

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are the infections that patients get while receiving medical treatment in a medical facility with bacterial HAIs being the most common. Silver and gold nanoparticles (NPs) have been successfully employed as antibacterial motifs; however, NPs leaching in addition to poor dispersion and overall reproducibility are major hurdles to further product development. In this study, the authors design and fabricate a smart antibacterial mixed-matrix membrane coating comprising colloidal lysozyme-templated gold nanoclusters as nanofillers in poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(butylene terephthalate) amphiphilic polymer matrix.

Self-assembled lipoprotein based gold nanoparticles for detection and photothermal disaggregation of β-amyloid aggregates.

We present a reconstituted lipoprotein-based nanoparticle platform comprising a curcumin fluorescent motif and an NIR responsive gold core. This multifunctional nanosystem is successfully used for aggregation-dependent fluorescence detection and photothermal disassembly of insoluble amyloid aggregates.