Knowledge, attitude and practice towards physical activity among healthcare students at a public university in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: This research aimed to study the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward physical activity (PA) of healthcare students at King Khalid University in Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A prospective web-based cross-sectional study was carried out among healthcare students of King Khalid University from March to May 2024. The questionnaire contained questions on sociodemographic details, five questions about knowledge, eight questions about attitudes, and seven practice-related questions.

Heterogeneous Acetalization of Benzaldehyde over Lanthanide Oxalate Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Lanthanides (Ln) from the f-blocks of the periodic table have gained significant interest due to their unique characteristics, including magnetism, photoluminescence, and catalysis. In this study, a series of lanthanide metal-organic frameworks [Ln-MOFs, Ln = Eu(III), Tb(III), Nd(III), Er(III), Ho(III), Gd(III), Pr(III), and Dy(III)] were constructed based on oxalic acid and lanthanide metals as the building blocks. These MOFs were comprehensively characterized using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, and Raman spectroscopy.

Biodiesel production and characteristics from waste frying oils: sources, challenges, and circular economic perspective.

Biodiesel serves as a viable alternative to traditional diesel due to its non-toxicity, biodegradability, and lower environmental footprint. Among the diverse edible and inedible feedstocks, waste frying oil emerges as a promising and affordable feedstock for biodiesel production. Commonly waste frying oils include those derived from palm, corn, sunflower, soybean, rapeseed, and canola.

Efficacy and Safety of Palivizumab as a Prophylaxis for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Disease: An Updated Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of palivizumab as a prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease. We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct from inception till November 2023. Studies that assessed the efficacy and safety of palivizumab in infants aged between 28 days and three months of age were included.

Prevalence of Myopia and Its Related Factors Among University Students in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Myopia, a common refractive error, is a growing global health burden influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Despite its high prevalence, studies on its prevalence and risk factors among university students are lacking.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of myopia and its associated factors among college students in Saudi Arabia's Madinah region.

THE ROLE GENE EXPRESSION OF PD-1 AND PD-L1 IN NEWELY DIAGNOSED AND TREATED PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a myeloid malignancy in which hematopoietic progenitor cells are blocked early in development, causing the development of abnormal cells. The most common type of adult leukemia is AML. The most significant developments in the treatment of cancer over the past ten years have been made possible by programmed death protein 1 and anti-programmed ligand 1 (PD-L1) which are examples of immune checkpoint (IC) inhibitors.

Impact of COVID-19 on the Lifestyle of Students of Taibah University, Madinah.

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown affected the daily habits of people around the world. Many countries have contributed to restricting its transmission by ensuing a quarantine, including Saudi Arabia, by shutting down educational facilities. Therefore, the system adapted to those changes, and people were required to stay home for work and education.

Safety of Ultrasound Exposure: Awareness of Ultrasound Bioeffects among Saudi Sonographers.

Background: Ultrasound tends to produce biological effects on body tissues. Therefore, the application of ultrasound safety rules is needed in all ultrasound examinations to avoid bioeffects that may occur because of a high thermal index (TI) and mechanical index (MI). This study aimed to explore the Saudi sonographers' awareness of ultrasound safety and bioeffects.

Adherence to Levothyroxine Treatment Among Patients With Hypothyroidism in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Hypothyroidism is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. The key factor for a good clinical outcome for hypothyroidism is medication adherence, as the mainstay treatment of hypothyroidism is lifelong hormonal replacement therapy, Levothyroxine (LT4). Poor adherence to LT4 is not only linked to great healthcare costs but also to significant economic burdens.

Identification of Extremely Rare Pathogenic CNVs by Array CGH in Saudi Children with Developmental Delay, Congenital Malformations, and Intellectual Disability.

Chromosomal imbalance is implicated in developmental delay (DD), congenital malformations (CM), and intellectual disability (ID), and, thus, precise identification of copy number variations (CNVs) is essential. We therefore aimed to investigate the genetic heterogeneity in Saudi children with DD/CM/ID. High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) was used to detect disease-associated CNVs in 63 patients.

A novel dual feedwater circuit for a parabolic trough solar power plant.

The validated dynamic model of a parabolic trough power plant (PTPP) is improved by the combination of a new feedwater circuit (feedwater/HTF circuit) and a reference feedwater circuit (feedwater/steam circuit) as well as the development of the steam turbine model. Such design represents the first effort of research to utilize a dual feedwater circuit inside the PTPP to increase the power output in the daylight from 50 to 68 MW and raise night operating hours at a lower cost. The purpose of increasing the operating night hours at a power (48 MW) as in the reference PTPP is to get rid of the fossil fuel backup system and rely only on the absorbed solar energy and the stored energy in the molten salt.

Symptoms, Mechanisms, and Treatments of Video Game Addiction.

Video game addiction is defined as the steady and repetitive use of the Internet to play games frequently with different gamers, potentially leading to negative consequences in many aspects of life. As recent technological development has given easy access to gaming on many devices, video game addiction has become a serious public health issue with increased prevalence. Many studies have shown that video game addiction leads to changes in the brain that are similar to those that occur in substance addiction and gambling.

Computational network analysis of host genetic risk variants of severe COVID-19.

Background: Genome-wide association studies have identified numerous human host genetic risk variants that play a substantial role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Although these genetic risk variants significantly increase the severity of COVID-19, their influence on body systems is poorly understood. Therefore, we aim to interpret the biological mechanisms and pathways associated with the genetic risk factors and immune responses in severe COVID-19.

First X-ray Crystal Structure Characterization, Computational Studies, and Improved Synthetic Route to the Bioactive 5-Arylimino-1,3,4-thiadiazole Derivatives.

-arylcyanothioformamides are useful coupling components for building key chemical intermediates and biologically active molecules in an expedited and efficient manner. Similarly, substituted ()-2-oxo--phenylpropanehydrazonoyl chlorides have been utilized in numerous one-step heteroannulation reactions to assemble the structural core of several different types of heterocyclic compounds. Herein, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the reaction of -arylcyanothioformamides with various substituted ()-2-oxo--phenylpropanehydrazonoyl chlorides to produce, stereoselectively and regioselectively, a range of 5-arylimino-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives decorated with a multitude of functional groups on both aromatic rings.

Comparison of bone mineral density and Fracture Risk Assessment Tool in Saudi women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To compare the bone mineral density and the fracture risks in Saudi women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Taibah Early Diagnostic Center, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 465 women with and without T2DM aged ≥40 years who visited the center for a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan between December 2020 and July 2021 were randomly selected.

Ischemic Priapism Progressing to Penile Gangrene in a Patient with COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report with Literature Review.

Priapism is considered a rare disorder and even more rare when it occurs as a complication of COVID-19. To the best of our knowledge, only eight studies have reported priapism as a complication of COVID-19. Here, we report the case of a 66-year-old male with COVID-19 who presented with neglected priapism for three days.

Complications After Surgical Repair of Congenital Heart Disease in Infants. An Experience From Tertiary Care Center.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the incidence and spectrum of postoperative complications in infants who underwent their first cardiac surgery for the repair of congenital heart diseases.

Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study. Data of infants admitted to King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center; Jeddah; Saudi Arabia, from January 2015 to December 2019 who underwent the first cardiac procedure for congenital heart disease at an age of less than 3 months, were analyzed.

The Prevalence and Trends of the Early Introduction of Cow Milk to Newborns at Tertiary Care Center: A Risk of Atopy.

Although all health organizations recommend exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), few neonates meet these recommended goals. The early intake of cow milk formulas (CMFs) has been linked to several childhood illnesses, including atopic diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of early exposure to CMFs in the nursery of a tertiary care hospital in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

DNA-Binding and Cytotoxicity of Copper(I) Complexes Containing Functionalized Dipyridylphenazine Ligands.

A set of copper(I) coordination compounds with general formula [CuBr(PPh)(dppz-R)] (dppz-R = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (), 11-nitrodipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (), 11-cyanodipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (), dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine-11-phenone (), 11,12-dimethyldipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine ()) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, H-NMR and P-NMR spectroscopies as well as mass spectrometry. The structure of was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The effect of incorporating different functional groups on the dppz ligand on the binding into CT-DNA was evaluated by absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence quenching of EtBr-DNA adducts, and viscosity measurements.

Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant patients visiting National Guard primary health care centers in Saudi Arabia.

To measure the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its risk factors in Saudi Arabia, in comparison with developed and developing countries worldwide.  Methods: We enrolled pregnant women aged 15-45 years who visited 3 National Guard-Health Affairs' primary health care centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between January 2017 and December 2017. We used stratified samples and computer-generated random numbers to collect data.

One of the First Cases with PIK3CA-related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) in Saudi Arabia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) is an umbrella that includes a broad range of rare disorders, ranging from isolated digit enlargement to extensive overgrowth of the limbs, abdomen, or brain. One of these disorders is megalencephaly capillary malformation polymicrogyria syndrome (MCAP), which is characterized by cutaneous capillary malformations, megalencephaly, cortical brain malformations, abnormalities of somatic growth with body and brain asymmetry, developmental delay, and characteristic facial dysmorphism. The diagnosis of PROS syndrome is based on the clinical features of a patient and confirmed by a pathogenic variant in one PIK3CA allele in a biopsy of the affected tissue.

Quality of nursing work life among hospital nurses in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: This study measures the levels of QNWL and determines the relationship between QNWL and nurses' personal, family and work shift factors.

Background: The nursing profession in Saudi Arabia (SA) is diverse, with many challenges during nursing practice. Therefore, examining QNWL is important for managers because it has become an essential subject in current nursing practice.

Role of Overexpressed Transcription Factor FOXO1 in Fatal Cardiovascular Septal Defects in Patau Syndrome: Molecular and Therapeutic Strategies.

Patau Syndrome (PS), characterized as a lethal disease, allows less than 15% survival over the first year of life. Most deaths owe to brain and heart disorders, more so due to septal defects because of altered gene regulations. We ascertained the cytogenetic basis of PS first, followed by molecular analysis and docking studies.

Associations of adiposity and parental diabetes with prediabetes among adolescents in Kuwait: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Prediabetes, a high-risk state for developing diabetes, has become more prevalent among children and adolescents in recent decades. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and assess its association with adiposity among adolescents in Kuwait. Also, to determine whether maternal and paternal history of diabetes associate with offspring prediabetes in a sex-specific manner.

Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of neonatal acute kidney injury: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). AKI is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and a greater long-term risk of chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: To study the incidence and outcome of neonatal AKI in a single Saudi Arabian center, level 2\3 NICU.