Starmaya: The First Arabica F1 Coffee Hybrid Produced Using Genetic Male Sterility.

In the present paper, we evaluated the implementation of a seed production system based on the exploitation of male sterility on coffee. We studied specifically the combination between CIR-SM01 and Marsellesa (a Sarchimor line), which provides a hybrid population called Starmaya. We demonstrated that the establishment of seed garden under natural pollination is possible and produces a sufficient amount of hybrid seeds to be multiplied efficiently and economically.

Coffee Somatic Embryogenesis: How Did Research, Experience Gained and Innovations Promote the Commercial Propagation of Elite Clones From the Two Cultivated Species?

Since the 1990s, somatic embryogenesis (SE) has enabled the propagation of selected varieties, Arabica F1 hybrid and Robusta clones, originating from the two cultivated coffee species, and , respectively. This paper shows how mostly empirical research has led to successful industrial transfers launched in the 2000s in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Coffee SE can be considered as a model for other woody perennial crops for the following reasons: (i) a high biological efficiency has been demonstrated for propagated varieties at all developmental stages, and (ii) somaclonal variation is understood and mastered thanks to intensive research combining molecular markers and field observations.

Agrobacterium rhizogenes-transformed roots of coffee (Coffea arabica): conditions for long-term proliferation, and morphological and molecular characterization.

Background And Aims: The aims of this study were to set up proliferation conditions for hairy roots of Coffea arabica regenerated after transformation by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4-RS, and to carry out the morphological and molecular characterization of hairy root clones maintained over the long term.

Methods: Auxin supply, light conditions and sucrose concentration were modified with the aim of establishing efficient root proliferation conditions. The morphological variability among 62 established hairy root clones was phenotyped by scanning the roots and analysing the images using 'whinRHIZO' software procedures.

Coffee (Coffea sp.).

Coffee (Coffea sp.) is a perennial plant widely cultivated in many tropical countries. It is a cash crop for millions of small farmers in these areas.

Comparison of bean biochemical composition and beverage quality of Arabica hybrids involving Sudanese-Ethiopian origins with traditional varieties at various elevations in Central America.

For buyers of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in Central America, elevation and variety are important indicators of quality. We compared coffee produced by three types of varieties established in various trials at elevations ranging from 700-1600 m in three countries (El Salvador, Costa Rica and Honduras).

Efficient production of Agrobacterium rhizogenes-transformed roots and composite plants for studying gene expression in coffee roots.

The possibility of rapid validation and functional analysis of nematode resistance genes is a common objective for numerous species and particularly for woody species. In this aim, we developed an Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation protocol for Coffea arabica enabling efficient and rapid regeneration of transformed roots from the hypocotyls of germinated zygotic embryos, and the subsequent production of composite plants. The A.

Insulin-like growth factor-I receptors in ovarian granulosa cells: effect of follicle size and hormones.

The objectives of the present studies were to determine if the numbers of IGF-I receptors in bovine granulosa cells differed with size of follicle and to determine if growth factors and hormones affected the number of IGF-I receptors in granulosa cells. Granulosa cells from small (1-5 mm) and large (> or = 8 mm) follicles were cultured for 2-4 days in 10% FCS and then assessed for levels of IGF-I receptors. Numbers of IGF-I receptors were 15-fold greater in granulosa cells from large than small follicles.

Effects of interleukin-6 on proliferation and follicle-stimulating hormone-induced estradiol production by bovine granulosa cells in vitro: dependence on size of follicle.

The objective of the present studies was to determine the effect of IL-6 on proliferation and FSH-induced estrogen production by granulosa cells from small (1-5 mm) and large (> or = 8 mm) bovine follicles. FSH-induced estradiol production by granulosa cells from large follicles (expressed as pg estradiol/10(5) cells/24 h) was not affected (p > 0.05) by 0.

Effects of cytokines on FSH-induced estradiol production by bovine granulosa cells in vitro: dependence on size of follicle.

The objective of the present studies was to determine the effect of cytokines on FSH-induced estrogen production by granulosa cells from small (1-5 mm) and large (> or = 8 mm) bovine follicles. FSH-induced estradiol production by granulosa cells from large follicles (expressed as pg estradiol/10(5) cells/24 hr) was not affected (P > .05) by 10 or 100 ng/ml of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, 10 or 100 ng/ml of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) or 100 ng/ml of IL-2.

Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and gonadotropins on bovine granulosa cell proliferation, progesterone production, estradiol production, and(or) insulin-like growth factor I production in vitro.

The objectives of the present studies were to determine the effect of insulin, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), testosterone, and FSH on proliferation, progesterone production, and(or) estradiol production of bovine granulosa cells. In addition, existence of IGF-I mRNA in granulosa cells and in vitro IGF-I production by granulosa cells were assessed. Cells from small (1 to 5 mm) and large (> or = 8 mm) follicles were collected from cattle and cultured for either 3 or 4 d.

Effects of growth hormone-releasing factor and vasoactive intestinal peptide on proliferation and steroidogenesis of bovine granulosa cells.

Recent studies have suggested that growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF), like vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), may enhance follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-stimulated steroidogenesis in cultured rat granulosa cells (GC). Because effects of GRF or VIP on GC proliferation have not been reported, we evaluated and compared the effect of GRF to that of VIP using cultured bovine GC. Undifferentiated GC from 1-5 mm bovine follicles were established for 2 days in medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, washed and then cultured in chemically defined medium for an additional 2 days.