Artificial intelligence-based framework to identify the abnormalities in the COVID-19 disease and other common respiratory diseases from digital stethoscope data using deep CNN.

The utilization of lung sounds to diagnose lung diseases using respiratory sound features has significantly increased in the past few years. The Digital Stethoscope data has been examined extensively by medical researchers and technical scientists to diagnose the symptoms of respiratory diseases. Artificial intelligence-based approaches are applied in the real universe to distinguish respiratory disease signs from human pulmonary auscultation sounds.

Novel fuzzy deep learning approach for automated detection of useful COVID-19 tweets.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a newly discovered viral disease from the SARS-CoV-2 family. This has caused a moral panic resulting in the spread of informative and uninformative information about COVID-19 and its effects. Twitter is a popular social media platform used extensively during the current outbreak.

The PRESIDE (PhaRmacogEnomicS In DEpression) Trial: a double-blind randomised controlled trial of pharmacogenomic-informed prescribing of antidepressants on depression outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder in primary care.

Background: The evidence for the clinical utility of pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing is growing, and guidelines exist for the use of PGx testing to inform prescribing of 13 antidepressants. Although previous randomised controlled trials of PGx testing for antidepressant prescribing have shown an association with remission of depression in clinical psychiatric settings, few trials have focused on the primary care setting, where most antidepressant prescribing occurs.

Methods: The PRESIDE Trial is a stratified double-blinded randomised controlled superiority trial that aims to evaluate the impact of a PGx-informed antidepressant prescribing report (compared with standard prescribing using the Australian Therapeutic Guidelines) on depressive symptoms after 12 weeks, when delivered in primary care.

Designing a decision aid for cancer prevention: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Australian guidelines recommend people aged 50-70 years old consider taking low-dose aspirin to reduce their risk of colorectal cancer. The aim was to design sex-specific decision aids (DAs) with clinician and consumer input, including expected frequency trees (EFTs) to communicate the risks and benefits of taking aspirin.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians.

Analyzing and Comparing Omicron Lineage Variants Protein-Protein Interaction Network Using Centrality Measure.

The Worldwide spread of the Omicron lineage variants has now been confirmed. It is crucial to understand the process of cellular life and to discover new drugs need to identify the important proteins in a protein interaction network (PPIN). PPINs are often represented by graphs in bioinformatics, which describe cell processes.

COVID-19: respiratory disease diagnosis with regularized deep convolutional neural network using human respiratory sounds.

Human respiratory sound auscultation (HRSA) parameters have been the real choice for detecting human respiratory diseases in the last few years. It is a challenging task to extract the respiratory sound features from the breath, voice, and cough sounds. The existing methods failed to extract the sound features to diagnose respiratory diseases.

COVID-19 disease diagnosis with light-weight CNN using modified MFCC and enhanced GFCC from human respiratory sounds.

In the last 2 years, medical researchers and clinical scientists have paid close attention to the problem of respiratory sound classification to classify COVID-19 disease symptoms. In the physical world, very few AI-based (Artificial Intelligence) techniques are often used to detect COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 respiratory disease symptoms from the human respiratory system-generated acoustic sounds such as acoustic voice sound, breathing (inhale and exhale) sounds, and cough sound. We propose a light-weight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Modified-Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficient (M-MFCC) using different depths and kernel sizes to classify COVID-19 and other respiratory sound disease symptoms such as Asthma, Pertussis, and Bronchitis.

Fake or real news about COVID-19? Pretrained transformer model to detect potential misleading news.

The World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease 2019 a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Along with the coronavirus pandemic, a new crisis has emerged, characterized by widespread fear and panic caused by a lack of information or, in some cases, outright fake messages. In these circumstances, Twitter is one of the most eminent and trusted social media platforms.

Engineering adeno-associated viral vectors to evade innate immune and inflammatory responses.

Nucleic acids are used in many therapeutic modalities, including gene therapy, but their ability to trigger host immune responses in vivo can lead to decreased safety and efficacy. In the case of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors, studies have shown that the genome of the vector activates Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), a pattern recognition receptor that senses foreign DNA. Here, we engineered AAV vectors to be intrinsically less immunogenic by incorporating short DNA oligonucleotides that antagonize TLR9 activation directly into the vector genome.

Clinicians' opinions on recommending aspirin to prevent colorectal cancer to Australians aged 50-70 years: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Australian guidelines recommend all adults aged 50-70 years old without existing contraindications consider taking low-dose aspirin (100-300 mg per day) for at least 2.5 years to reduce their risk of developing colorectal cancer. We aimed to explore clinicians' practices, knowledge, opinions, and barriers and facilitators to the implementation of these new guidelines.

Perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors of short-acting beta agonist users: an Australian cross-sectional community pharmacy-based study.

Background: High use of short-acting beta-2-agonist (SABA) medication is a significant problem. Attitudes and perceptions toward asthma of over-the-counter (OTC) reliever users are unknown. The study aimed to describe the asthma attitudes, perceptions, medication knowledge and information gathering behavior of people with asthma with recent high SABA use (i.

Prognostic impact of atrial fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important arrhythmia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of published literature to: (a) assess the incidence of AF in HCM and (b) examine the impact of AF on risk of thromboembolism, heart failure, sudden death and mortality in HCM.

Methods: Search of all major databases (Pubmed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science) was performed to April 2020 using the search terms "atrial fibrillation" AND/OR "hypertrophic cardiomyopathy" in the title or abstract.

An Improved Authentication and Security on Efficient Generalized Group Key Agreement Using Hyper Elliptic Curve Based Public Key Cryptography for IoT Health Care System.

Due to tremendous development in the network technologies forms an Internet of Things (IoT) based Health Care System (HCS) is an essential application in day-today life. In HCS, constitute a group communication among doctors, patient, caretaker, ambulance, and hospital, which intern's devices transfer personal information from one to many group members. Providing security on the personal health information is the most critical issue, because malicious access on this information may leads to life threads.

Effect of dietary cholesterol and plant sterol consumption on plasma lipid responsiveness and cholesterol trafficking in healthy individuals.

Dietary cholesterol and plant sterols differentially modulate cholesterol kinetics and circulating cholesterol. Understanding how healthy individuals with their inherent variabilities in cholesterol trafficking respond to such dietary sterols will aid in improving strategies for effective cholesterol lowering and alleviation of CVD risk. The objectives of this study were to assess plasma lipid responsiveness to dietary cholesterol v.

Revisiting Human Cholesterol Synthesis and Absorption: The Reciprocity Paradigm and its Key Regulators.

Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol homeostasis in the body is governed by the interplay between absorption, synthesis, and excretion or conversion of cholesterol into bile acids. A reciprocal relationship between cholesterol synthesis and absorption is known to regulate circulating cholesterol in response to dietary or therapeutic interventions.

Regulation of renal phosphate transport by FGF23 is mediated by FGFR1 and FGFR4.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a bone-derived hormone that acts on the proximal tubule to decrease phosphate reabsorption and serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ [1,25(OH)₂ Vitamin D₃]. Abnormal FGF23 metabolism has been implicated in several debilitating hypophosphatemic and hyperphosphatemic disorders. The renal receptors responsible for the phosphaturic actions of FGF23 have not been elucidated.

Interfacial chemistry in Al/CuO reactive nanomaterial and its role in exothermic reaction.

Interface layers between reactive and energetic materials in nanolaminates or nanoenergetic materials are believed to play a crucial role in the properties of nanoenergetic systems. Typically, in the case of Metastable Interstitial Composite nanolaminates, the interface layer between the metal and oxide controls the onset reaction temperature, reaction kinetics, and stability at low temperature. So far, the formation of these interfacial layers is not well understood for lack of in situ characterization, leading to a poor control of important properties.

An efficient route to aqueous phase synthesis of nanocrystalline γ-Al2O3 with high porosity: from stable boehmite colloids to large pore mesoporous alumina.

In this paper we emphasise the important role of Pluronic F127 on the porosity of mesoporous alumina prepared from boehmite colloids. By focusing on the F127/boehmite interactions we show how the concepts of interface science may help to predict and improve the textural characteristics of mesoporous alumina. By varying the synthetic parameters, in particular the copolymer content, we show that the porosity of γ-Al(2)O(3) can be enhanced by 400% and the average pore diameter can be expanded from 5 to 14 nm.

Catalytic coatings on steel for low-temperature propane prereforming to solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) application.

Catalyst layers (4-20 microm) of rhodium (1 wt%) supported on alumina, titania, and ceria-zirconia (Ce(0.5)Zr(0.5)O(2)) were coated on stainless-steel corrugated sheets by dip-coating in very stable colloidal dispersions of nanoparticles in water.

Effect of PEG on rheology and stability of nanocrystalline titania hydrosols.

Very stable titania hydrosols were prepared by fast hydrolysis of titanium isopropoxide in a large excess of water. XRD patterns show that these sols contain nanocrystals (5-6 nm) of anatase (70%) and brookite (30%). TEM images indicate that these primary particles form aggregates whose mean hydrodynamic diameter, determined by photon correlation spectroscopy, is in the range of 80-90 nm.

NiO nanostructured honeycomb realized by annealing Ni film deposited on silicon.

Two-dimensional nanostructures have various interesting applications due to their large surface areas. In this study, we propose a simple approach to synthesize two-dimensional NiO nano honeycomb by thermal annealing of Ni thin film deposited onto silicon substrate by thermal evaporation. The effects on the nano honeycomb morphology of the annealing temperature and time are investigated.

Synthesis of NiO nanowalls by thermal treatment of Ni film deposited onto a stainless steel substrate.

Two-dimensional nanostructures have a variety of applications due to their large surface areas. In this study, the authors present a simple and convenient method to realize two-dimensional NiO nanowalls by thermal treatment of a Ni thin film deposited by sputtering onto a stainless steel substrate. The substrate surface area is supposed to be significantly increased by creating nanowalls.

Surface and porosity of nanocrystalline boehmite xerogels.

Boehmite xerogels are prepared by hydrolysis of Al(OC4H9)3 followed by peptization with HNO3 (H+/Al = 0, 0.07, 0.2).

Equilibrium and Kinetics of NO and CO Chemisorptions on Nonstoichiometric Nickel-Copper Manganites.

The equilibrium and kinetics of adsorption of NO and CO on nonstoichiometric nickel-copper manganites have been investigated through volumetric measurements. The adsorption isotherms were satisfactorily fitted to the Freundlich equation. The equilibrium coverages at 298 K were found to depend closely on the chemical composition of the oxide; thus, a decrease in the coverage beyond a maximum copper extent was observed.