An enzyme-free technique enables the isolation of a large number of adipose-derived stem cells at the bedside.

Adipose tissue derived stromal cells (ADSCs) play a crucial role in research and applications of regenerative medicine because they can be rapidly isolated in high quantities. Nonetheless, their purity, pluripotency, differentiation capacity, and stem cell marker expression might vary greatly depending on technique and tools used for extraction and harvesting. There are two methods described in the literature for isolating regenerative cells from adipose tissue.

The effect of the anticoagulant on the cellular composition and growth factor content of platelet-rich plasma.

Background: The cellular and biochemical composition of the platelet rich plasma (PRP) may impact its regenerative capacity. PRP composition have been shown to vary substantially among different separation systems and protocols. The type and the dose of anticoagulant might affect the content of PRP.

Effects of ultrasound-guided platelet rich plasma injection in patients with piriformis syndrome.

Background: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is the common entrapment neuropathy causing buttock pain. Patients are conventionally treated with lifestyle modification, exercise, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid or botulinum toxin injections. However, some patients may not respond to these conventional treatment methods.

Ultrasound imaging and guidance in the management of knee osteoarthritis in regenerative medicine field.

Ultrasound (US) is an excellent imaging tool to evaluate most of the structures in the knee joint. US is useful in various applications of regenerative medicine, starting from the biomaterial harvesting stage of the procedures, it can thus/conveniently be used for the diagnosis and treatment of various forms of knee osteoarthritis (OA) where the interventions need to be carried out under US guidance. In this paper, we have reviewed US guided bioharvesting of venous blood, bone marrow and adipose tissue, the US evaluation of the knee joint and the relevant findings in knee OA along with US guided regenerative interventions for the knee joint.

Ultrasound-Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection in a Patient with a Plantar Fascia Tear.

We report the case of a 40-year-old female patient presenting with resistant heel pain attributable to plantar fascia rupture. She was treated with ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injection, and her pain was decreased. Additionally, ultrasound was useful for diagnosis, intervention and follow-up of the patient.

The effect of aquatic exercise on spasticity, quality of life, and motor function in cerebral palsy.

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to compare the effects of aquatic exercises and land-based exercises on spasticity, quality of life, and motor function in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The secondary aim was to assess the morphology of spastic muscle using ultrasonography.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-two children (17 boys, 15 girls; mean age 9.

FPL tendon thickness, tremor and hand functions in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: In Parkinson's disease (PD), a resting tremor of the thumb may affect the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) and influence hand functions. We investigated the relationship between FPL tendon thickness and hand function in PD patients and compared these characteristics with those in healthy controls.

Methods: The hand grip and pinch strengths were measured.

Assessment of Pain Sensitivity in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain and Association With HTR2A Gene Polymorphism.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association of two common HTR2A gene polymorphisms, rs6313 (102 T/C) and rs6311 (1438 A/G), with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and the pain threshold, disability, and sex differences.

Patients And Methods: A total of 121 patients (40 males, 81 females; mean age 36.8±9.

Ultrasound detection of knee joint degeneration in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Objective: Early degeneration of the knees might occur in patients with multiple sclerosis secondary to balance and walking impairment and muscle weakness. The aims of this study were to evaluate the knee joints of patients with multiple sclerosis compared with healthy controls, using ultrasono-graphy, and to investigate whether there is any correlation between femoral cartilage degeneration and disease-related parameters.

Design: Study participants were 79 patients with multiple sclerosis and 60 healthy controls.

Association of rs11209032 and rs1004819 Polymorphisms in Interleukin-23 Receptor Gene With Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the distribution of human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) alleles (+/-) and interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23R) gene rs11209032 and rs1004819 polymorphisms among ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients in a Turkish cohort.

Patients And Methods: The study sample comprised 106 AS patients (89 males, 18 females; mean age 38.9±10 years; range 19 to 65 years) and 82 healthy controls (70 males, 12 females; mean age 32.

Ligamentum flavum thickening at lumbar spine is associated with facet joint degeneration: An MRI study.

Objective: Degenerative changes in posterior elements of the spine such as thickening or hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum (LF) may result in spinal stenosis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential factors including age, intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), facet joint degeneration (FJD), end plate degeneration (EPD), which may affect LF thickening and to reveal the relationship among those factors at each level of lumbar spine by evaluating the magnetic resonance images (MRI).

Methods: A total of 200 individuals with low back and/or leg pain complaints who had undergone lumbar MRI were included in this study.

Efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with COPD followed in intensive care unit.

Introduction: Serious problems on muscle strength and functional status can be seen in bedridden-patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) receiving mechanical ventilation. We aimed to investigate the impact of active extremity mobilization and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on weaning processes, discharge from hospital and inflammatory mediators in COPD patients receiving mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Thirty conscious COPD patients (F/M:15/15) hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) with diagnosis of respiratory failure were enrolled to this study.

Effect of high-intensity laser therapy in the management of myofascial pain syndrome of the trapezius: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) of the trapezius muscle is one of the main causes of neck pain. In this randomized, double-blind study, we evaluated the effects of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) in female patients with chronic MPS of the trapezius muscle. The patients were assigned to two groups.

Ultrasonographic assessment of pes anserinus tendon and pes anserinus tendinitis bursitis syndrome in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the ultrasonographic (US) findings of pes anserinus tendon and bursa in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) with or without clinical pes anserinus tendinitis bursitis syndrome (PATBS).

Methods: A total of 157 female patients with the diagnosis of knee OA on both knees (314 knees), and 30 age, and body mass index- matched healthy female controls without knee pain (60 knees), were included in the study. PATBS was clinically diagnosed.

Assessment of opioid receptor μ1 gene A118G polymorphism and its association with pain intensity in patients with fibromyalgia.

Fibromyalgia may present with widespread pain and tenderness, fatigue, anxiety, and depression and is associated with a low pain threshold. The etiology of fibromyalgia is yet to be ascertained, although both genetic and environmental factors may play a role in the susceptibility of patients to fibromyalgia. Various genetic variations have been investigated to explain fibromyalgia susceptibility and differences in pain sensitivity, pain threshold, and tolerance.

Coexistence of trifid and bifid median nerve in a patient with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common upper extremity neuropathy in the wrist that may be associated with anatomic variations of median nerve. Trifurcation of the median nerve has been very rarely reported in the literature. We report coexistence of bilateral median nerve variation in the wrist and its radiological features.

Accuracy in detecting knee effusion with clinical examination and the effect of effusion, the patient's body mass index, and the clinician's experience.

The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of detecting knee effusion with clinical examination and to evaluate whether the amount of effusion, patient obesity, and the clinicians' experience affect the clinicians' decisions in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Patients presenting with knee pain were examined by two residents with different levels of experience and underwent ultrasonographic examination, including measurement of effusion in the medial, mid, and lateral aspects of the suprapatellar bursa. One hundred seventy-two knees of 86 patients were examined.

Nerve enlargement after cold exposure: a pilot study with ultrasound imaging.

Introduction: Changes of electrophysiogical parameters with regard to cold have been studied intensively but not the morphology of nerves. We explored the effects of cold exposure on median nerve morphology.

Methods: Cross-sectional area (CSA) and depth of the right median nerve were assessed at the carpal tunnel and mid-forearm levels before and after 15 min ice-pack application in 34 healthy volunteers.

The effect of acromioclavicular joint degeneration on orthopedic shoulder tests.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) degeneration on orthopedic shoulder tests (OST) and to determine complementary role of ACJ injections in the treatment of subacromial shoulder impingements.

Patients And Methods: At a secondary care center, 62 patients (56 females, 6 males; mean age 55.8±9.

Reasons for using swelling ratio in sonographic diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome and a reliable method for its calculation.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) and determine a dependable swelling ratio (SR) calculation method.

Methods: Using ultrasonography, median nerve CSAs were measured at the tunnel inlet, midtunnel, and outlet, and at 4 cm and 12 cm proximal to the wrist. We used CSAmax as the largest of the tunnel measurements and calculated swelling ratios (SRs) by using the CSAmax.