Relationship between fluid overload and mortality and morbidity in pediatric intensive care unit.

Objective: The relationship between fluid overload and clinical outcomes was investigated.

Design: This study is an observational and analytic study of a retrospective cohort.

Settings: Pediatric intensive care units.

How significant is the BIG score in childhood traumatic brain injury?

Background: This study aims to evaluate the reliability of the BIG score in predicting mortality in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to compare it with the literature and other scoring systems.

Methods: Patients who were followed up in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) for TBI between 2014 and 2019 in a tertiary reference hospital were evaluated retrospectively.

Results: One hundred fifty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria.

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) report of health care associated infections, data summary of 45 countries for 2015 to 2020, adult and pediatric units, device-associated module.

Background: Reporting on the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium study results from 2015 to 2020, conducted in 630 intensive care units across 123 cities in 45 countries spanning Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East.

Methods: Prospective intensive care unit patient data collected via International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium Surveillance Online System. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Health Care Safety Network definitions applied for device-associated health care-associated infections (DA-HAI).

Decreasing central line-associated bloodstream infections rates in intensive care units in 30 low- and middle-income countries: An INICC approach.

Background: Central line (CL)-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU) are common and associated with a high burden.

Methods: We implemented a multidimensional approach, incorporating an 11-element bundle, education, surveillance of CLABSI rates and clinical outcomes, monitoring compliance with bundle components, feedback of CLABSI rates and clinical outcomes, and performance feedback in 316 ICUs across 30 low- and middle-income countries. Our dependent variables were CLABSI per 1,000-CL-days and in-ICU all-cause mortality rates.

Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Parents Caring for Pediatric Patients with a Tracheostomy.

 This study aimed to evaluate factors affecting the quality of life (QOL) of parents of children who underwent placement of a tracheostomy while in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) through postdischarge use of a standardized questionnaire, Functional Status Scale (FSS) for patients, and WHOQoL-BREF (a QOL scale) for parents.  The parents were initially contacted by telephone, postdischarge, during which the standardized questionnaire was completed. The functional status of the patients was evaluated using the FSS, and the QOL of parents was determined through use of the WHOQoL-BREF scale.

Role of Albumin-corrected Anion Gap and Lactate Clearance in Predicting Mortality in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients.

Background: Identifying mortality risk in critically ill children is central to diagnostic and treatment practices. For this purpose, scoring systems, such as the Pediatric Index of Mortality 3 (PIM 3), have been proposed; however, the role of biochemical markers, such as albumin-corrected anion gap (cAG) and lactate clearance (LC), in predicting mortality in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients is yet to be explored.

Aims: To evaluate the predictive value of the cAG and LC for mortality in pediatric patients admitted to a PICU.

Evaluation of nutritional status in pediatric intensive care unit patients: the results of a multicenter, prospective study in Turkey.

Introduction: Malnutrition is defined as a pathological condition arising from deficient or imbalanced intake of nutritional elements. Factors such as increasing metabolic demands during the disease course in the hospitalized patients and inadequate calorie intake increase the risk of malnutrition. The aim of the present study is to evaluate nutritional status of patients admitted to pediatric intensive care units (PICU) in Turkey, examine the effect of nutrition on the treatment process and draw attention to the need for regulating nutritional support of patients while continuing existing therapies.

Posttraumatic epilepsy in critically ill children with traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical, laboratory, and radiological factors related with posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE).

Methods: The study is a multicenter descriptive cross-sectional cohort study. Children who followed up for TBI in the pediatric intensive care unit between 2014 and 2021 were included.

Acute Fulminant Hepatic Failure Caused by Sevoflurane Linked to Influenza A.

Sevoflurane is a volatile anesthetic agent that does not tend to cause clinically significant hepatotoxicity, but there are some reported hepatotoxicity cases in the literature. In the case presented here, adenotonsillectomy was performed during influenza infection, and sevoflurane was administered, after which acute fulminant hepatitis developed. At hour 24 of hospitalization after fulminant hepatic failure, liver transplant was performed in a 3.

The role of height and weight growth in spontaneous resolution of vesicoureteral reflux.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of height and weight growth in the resolution of primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data of 74 males and 135 females who were diagnosed with primary VUR. According to the vesicoureteral reflux resolution, patients were divided into two groups.

Serum Zonulin Levels in Pediatric Migraine.

Background: Migraine is a complex neurogenic inflammatory disorder. There are strong neuronal, endocrine, and immunologic connections between the brain and gastrointestinal system. Damage to the intestinal barrier is thought to cause systemic immune dysregulation.

Determinants of Quality of Life after Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury.

 Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of death and long-term disability. There is a paucity of data on quality of life in survivors of pediatric TBI. The aim of this study is to determine the factors affecting the quality of life after TBI in children.

Clinical characteristics of firearm-related injuries in children in Turkey.

Background: A significant number of children are injured by or die from firearm-related incidents every year, although there is a lack of global data on the number of children admitted to pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) and pediatric intensive care units (PICU) with firearm injuries. This study is the most comprehensive analysis of firearm injuries sustained by children in Turkey to date.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective, cohort study was conducted between 2010 and 2020 with the contributions of the PEDs, PICUs, intensive care units, and surgery departments of university hospitals and research hospitals.

Intestinal Mucormycosis in a Child With Maple Syrup Urine Disease After Orthotopic Liver Transplant.

Mucormycosis can result in serious morbidity and mortality, especially in transplant recipients. In this case report, we present a 3-year-old female patient with maple syrup urine disease who developed mucormycosis infection after deceased donor split liver transplant. Progressive segmental necrosis of the small intestines and new ischemic areas were observed after repeated abdominal surgeries.

Combined immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis treatment for Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES).

Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a rarely observed and destructive syndrome progressing with resistant seizures or refractory status epilepticus. In this report we present in a treatment procedure with plasmapheresis of a pediatric patient with FIRES and currently unknown etiology in order to contribute to the literature.

Neuroimaging Findings in Pediatric Patients with Thalassemia Major.

Background: Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies about iron accumulation in children with thalassemia major are quite limited.

Aim: This study aimed to detect neurological findings with cranial MRIs in the pediatric patients with thalassemia major who did not develop any neurological complications.

Materials And Methods: Pediatric patients with thalassemia major who followed in the Pediatric Hematology Unit between 1 July 2017 and 1 January 2019 were included in the study.

Associations Between Transcranial Doppler Flow Velocities, Laboratory Parameters, and Clinical Features in Turkish Children With Sickle Cell Disease.

Objective: Stroke is one of the major complications of sickle cell disease (SCD). Stroke features either occlusion of, or stenosis at, the origin of one of the large intracerebral arteries, the internal carotid artery (ICA), and/or the middle cerebral artery (MCA).

Purpose: We sought correlations between cerebral blood flow velocities and the laboratory and clinical findings of patients with SCD.

Evaluation of GLUT1, IGF-2, VEGF, FGF 1, and angiopoietin 2 in infantile hemangioma.

Introduction: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a common vascular tumor in children. It is reported that IHs are associated with immunochemical markers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, glucose transporter isoform 1 (GLUT1), and insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2).

Material And Methods: This cross-sectional study focused on pediatric patients with IH.

Assessment of PELOD-2 and PIM-3 scores of children coming from the war in Syria.

Objectives: Since the civil war in Syria began, millions of Syrians have left the country and been forced to migrate to other countries. Turkey is the country with the most refugees hosting 3.6 million refugees.

Propionic acidemia: an extremely rare cause of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an infant.

Hemophagocytic lymphohystiocytosis (HLH) may be primary (inherited/familial) or secondary to infections, malignancies, rheumatologic disorders, immune deficiency syndromes and metabolic diseases. Cases including lysinuric protein intolerance, multiple sulfatase deficiency, galactosemia, Gaucher disease, Pearson syndrome, and galactosialidosis have previously been reported. It is unclear how the metabolites trigger HLH in metabolic diseases.

Successful Management of l-Asparaginase-Associated Pancreatitis With Octreotide and Pegylated Asparaginase in 2 Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Is There a Different Rare Warning Sign of Hypoglycemia for l-Asparaginase-Associated Pancreatitis?

l-Asparaginase (l-Asp) is a critical component of chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, toxic effects associated with l-Asp, such as hepatic dysfunction, pancreatitis, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia, have occurred. In addition, acute pancreatitis is a significant life-threatening adverse event associated with ALL.

An Unusual Presentation of T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma with Isolated Renal Involvement.

The clinical presentation of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is frequently associated with the involvement of the abdomen and mediastinal lymphadenopathies, but rarely the kidney, ovaries, and testicles. Here, we report a rare case of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) presenting with bilateral nephromegaly without acute renal failure (ARF) as the first manifestation. A 30-month-old boy was admitted to the department of pediatric nephrology exhibiting abdominal distension.

A Novel Frameshift Mutation in the FGA Gene (c.196 delT) Leading to Congenital Afibrinogenemia.

Background: Congenital afibrinogenemia is characterized by the absence of fibrinogen. Congenital fibrinogen disorders result from several mutations in FGA, FGB, or FGG. Their epidemiology is not well known.

Are We Aware that Hyperphosphatemia Affects Mortality and Morbidity as much as Hypophosphatemia in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients?

Objective: Hypophosphatemia was previously shown to affect the duration of admission, mechanical ventilator requirements, mortality and morbidity during pediatric intensive care. Different from previous studies, our study was planned with the aim of showing whether hyperphosphatemia affects morbidity and mortality in pediatric intensive care patients as much as hypophosphatemia.

Method: Patients' ages, genders, reason for admission, underlying diseases, phosphorus levels examined on admission and on the 1-4th and 5-10th-days, duration on mechanical ventilation, duration of admission, final status and PRISM and PELOD scores calculated in the first 24 hours of admission were recorded.