Premedication with gabapentin: the effect on tourniquet pain and quality of intravenous regional anesthesia.

Background: Gabapentin, an oral non-opioid analgesic, has been used to decrease pain after a variety of surgical procedures. We hypothesized that premedication with gabapentin would minimize tourniquet-related pain in patients receiving IV regional anesthesia (IVRA).

Methods: Patients undergoing elective hand surgery with IVRA were randomly assigned to one of two study groups using a double-blind study design.

Infiltration with ropivacaine plus lornoxicam reduces postoperative pain and opioid consumption.

Purpose: To compare efficacy and patient outcome of wound infiltration with ropivacaine, lornoxicam, or their combination for control of pain following thyroid surgery.

Methods: Eighty patients underwent thyroid surgery were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Before skin closure, local tissues were infiltrated with 12 mL saline in Group S, with 10 mL of ropivacaine 0.

Intravenous regional anesthesia using lidocaine and magnesium.

We conducted this study to evaluate the effects of magnesium, when added to lidocaine for IV regional anesthesia (IVRA), on tourniquet pain. Thirty patients undergoing elective hand surgery during IVRA were randomly assigned to two groups. IVRA was achieved with 10 mL of saline plus 3 mg/kg lidocaine 0.

Effects of lornoxicam on the physiology of severe sepsis.

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of intravenous lornoxicam on haemodynamic and biochemical parameters, serum cytokine levels and patient outcomes in severe sepsis.

Methods: A total of 40 patients with severe sepsis were included, and were randomly assigned (20 per group) to receive either lornoxicam (8 mg administered intravenously every 12 hours for six doses) or placebo. For both groups the following were recorded: haemodynamic parameters (heart rate, mean arterial pressure), nasopharyngeal body temperature, arterial blood gas changes (pH, partial oxygen tension, partial carbon dioxide tension), plasma cytokine levels (IL-1beta, IL-2 receptor, IL-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor-alpha), biochemical parameters (lactate, leucocytes, trombocytes, creatinine, total bilirubin, serum glutamate oxalate transaminase), length of stay in the intensive care unit, duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality.

The analgesic effects of gabapentin in monitored anesthesia care for ear-nose-throat surgery.

We investigated the efficacy and safety of gabapentin in rhinoplasty or endoscopic sinus surgery patients. Patients received either oral placebo or gabapentin 1200 mg 1 h before surgery. After standard premedication, 25 patients in each group received propofol, fentanyl, and local anesthesia at the operative site.

A factorial trial of six interventions for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Background: Untreated, one third of patients who undergo surgery will have postoperative nausea and vomiting. Although many trials have been conducted, the relative benefits of prophylactic antiemetic interventions given alone or in combination remain unknown.

Methods: We enrolled 5199 patients at high risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting in a randomized, controlled trial of factorial design that was powered to evaluate interactions among as many as three antiemetic interventions.

The analgesic effects of gabapentin after total abdominal hysterectomy.

Unlabelled: We investigated, in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, the efficacy and safety of gabapentin on pain after abdominal hysterectomy and on tramadol consumption in patients. The 50 patients were randomized to receive either oral placebo or gabapentin 1200 mg 1 h before surgery. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane in 50% N(2)O/O(2) with a fresh gas flow of 2 L/min (50% N(2)O in O(2)) and fentanyl (2 microg/kg).

Analgesic effects of gabapentin after spinal surgery.

Background: A combination of opioid and nonopioid analgesic drugs may improve the quality of postoperative analgesia as well as reduce opioid requirements and their associated side effects. Studies have shown synergism between gabapentin and morphine in animal and human experiments and in the treatment of incisional pain. Therefore, the authors investigated, in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, the effects of gabapentin on acute postoperative pain and morphine consumption in patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Preoperative oral rofecoxib reduces postoperative pain and tramadol consumption in patients after abdominal hysterectomy.

Unlabelled: We designed this study to determine whether the administration of a preoperative dose of rofecoxib to patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy would decrease patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) tramadol use or enhance analgesia. Sixty patients were randomized to receive either oral placebo or rofecoxib 50 mg 1 h before surgery. All patients received a standard anesthetic protocol.

Adding dexmedetomidine to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia.

Unlabelled: Dexmedetomidine is approximately 8 times more selective toward the alpha-2-adrenoceptors than clonidine. It decreases anesthetic requirements by up to 90% and induces analgesia in patients. We designed this study to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine when added to lidocaine in IV regional anesthesia (IVRA).

The effect of intravenous pantoprazole and ranitidine for improving preoperative gastric fluid properties in adults undergoing elective surgery.

Unlabelled: We studied pantoprazole, a new potent and fast-acting proton pump inhibitor. Its effects on preoperative gastric fluid volume and pH have not yet been determined. In this randomized, controlled trial, we examined the effects of preoperative IV pantoprazole or ranitidine on gastric pH and volume.

Comparison of sufentanil with sufentanil plus magnesium sulphate for sedation in the intensive care unit using bispectral index.

Introduction: In intensive care unit patients we assessed, using bispectral index (BIS) monitoring, whether the addition of magnesium sulphate infusion could decrease the sufentanil infusion required to maintain sedation.

Patients And Methods: A total of 30 adult patients who were expected to require mechanical ventilation for 6 hours in the intensive care unit were randomly assigned to receive either sufentanil infusion or sufentanil plus magnesium infusion. We monitored BIS levels continuously.

Caudal neostigmine for postoperative analgesia in paediatric surgery.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate analgesia and side-effects of caudal neostigmine coadministered with bupivacaine in paediatric surgery.

Methods: We studied children, aged 1-5 years, undergoing elective surgery (inguinal hernia and hypospadias). After standard induction of anaesthesia, caudal anaesthesia was performed.

Caudal ropivacaine and neostigmine in pediatric surgery.

Background: Neostigmine has been added to local anesthetics for different nerve blocks. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of neostigmine when added to ropivacaine for caudal anesthesia.

Methods: We studied children, aged 1-5 yr, undergoing inguinal hernia and hypospadias surgery.

The use of magnesium sulfate to prevent pain on injection of propofol.

Magnesium sulfate, 2.48 mmol, injected 20 s before the administration of propofol significantly reduced the incidence of pain caused by a propofol injection and may be useful in minimizing this common side effect.

The prevention of pain from injection of rocuronium by ondansetron, lidocaine, tramadol, and fentanyl.

Unlabelled: We compared the efficacy of ondansetron, lidocaine, tramadol, and fentanyl in minimizing pain caused by the injection of rocuronium in 250 patients. After tourniquet application on the forearm, the patients were given saline (3 mL) (Group 1, n = 50), ondansetron (4 mg) (Group 2, n = 50), lidocaine (30 mg) (Group 3, n = 50), tramadol (50 mg) (Group 4, n = 50), or fentanyl (100 microg) (Group 5, n = 50) diluted into a 3-mL solution. The occlusion was released after 20 s and rocuronium was injected over 10-15 s.