Presence and Size of Placental Lakes on 20-Week Fetal Anatomy Ultrasound and Obstetrical Outcomes.

Our objective was to determine if placental lake presence or size is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This was a retrospective cohort of patients who had fetal anatomy ultrasounds at 18-22 weeks and delivered between 2018 and 2022. Placental lakes were classified as small (>2.

Individuals' Vulnerability Based Active Surveillance for TB: Experiences from India.

Community-based active TB case finding (ACF) has become an essential part of TB elimination efforts in high-burden settings. In settings such as the state of Kerala in India, which has reported an annual decline of 7.5% in the estimated TB incidence since 2015, if ACF is not well targeted, it may end up with a less-than-desired yield, the wastage of scarce resources, and the burdening of health systems.

Using a Pharmacy-Based Surveillance System to Improve Standards for TB Care in Kerala, India.

Introduction: Eleven anti-TB drugs were included in the Government of India's Schedule H1 drug regulations in 2014. The National Strategic Plan for TB Elimination in India 2017-2025 recognized the opportunity to strengthen the TB surveillance system and improve the quality of TB care by implementing the Schedule H1 regulation. However, there were no documented systematic large-scale efforts to use Schedule H1 regulation to support TB surveillance or improve the quality of care.

Influence of Linker Length on Conformational Preferences of Glycosylated Sugar Amino Acid Foldamers.

Glycosylation of foldamers derived from furanoid sugar amino acids with mannose and a propyltriazole linker results in an unprecedented 16/10 mixed-turn structure in the glycopeptides in water, with a preference for the higher-order structure irrespective of the stereochemistry of the starting foldamer. This is in stark contrast to the structures displayed by the same oligomers in water when mannosylated with a two-carbon-shorter methyltriazole linker: 16-membered turn structure in the cis-foldamer and 10-membered in its trans congener. This demonstrates the defining influence of the linker length on the structural preference of these novel glycopeptide mimics.

Safety and efficacy of hepatitis C virus antibody screening of blood donors with two sequential screening assays.

Background: Reactive samples in hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody screening of blood donors are currently referred for a confirmatory assay. This scheme is not optimally efficient and is expensive because of the lack of specificity and cost of confirmatory tests, as well as the need to discard false-positive donations. As in some human immunodeficiency virus antibody-confirmatory schemes, the safety and efficacy of confirming anti-HCV with two sequential screening assays were evaluated.

Antibody to hepatitis C virus in blood donors found positive for other agents. I. Treponemal infection.

Stored serum samples from 169 blood donors found positive for TPHA were tested for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) and to hepatitis B core (anti-HBc), as evidence of previous HBV infection, a condition known to be sexually transmissible. Only three donors were positive with a 'first generation' anti-HCV and all three failed to confirm with a recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA). In contrast, 33 (19.

Low incidence of non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis in London confirmed by hepatitis C virus serology.

To see whether the introduction of screening tests for post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) in the UK would be worth while, the incidence of such hepatitis was assessed among patients receiving blood during operations at five hospitals served by the North London Blood Transfusion Centre. 387 patients, who each received blood or blood components from an average of 3 donors were followed up prospectively and blood samples were taken every 2 weeks for 3 months and then each month for a further 3 months. 229 patients also provided a sample at 12 months.

Detection of hepatitis C viral sequences in blood donations by "nested" polymerase chain reaction and prediction of infectivity.

Of 1100 blood donations tested during a prospective study of post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH), 6 (0.55%) were repeatedly reactive in a commercial assay for antibodies to the C100 protein of hepatitis C virus. Only 1 of the 6 donations (17%) transmitted NANBH to a recipient.