Views from Multinational Pharmaceutical Companies on Allocation of Clinical Trials in Saudi Arabia-Qualitative Study.

Clinical trials conducted by pharmaceutical companies are essential for bridging local research efforts with broader populations, facilitating the transfer of valuable insights and solutions. This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators affecting clinical trials in Saudi Arabia from the perspective of key personnel within the pharmaceutical industry and Contract Research Organizations (CROs). We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with nine participants, which provided a holistic understanding of the intricate dynamics shaping the landscape of clinical trials in the country.

Disposal of Unused Antibiotics in Community Pharmacies in Saudi Arabia: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Introduction: Improper disposal of unused antibiotics poses a significant global challenge, drawing attention from various stakeholders. This discharge of antibiotics into the environment can occur through various means such as industrial production, consumption, and excretion by humans and animals, as well as improper disposal of unused or expired antibiotics. The aim of our study is to investigate the availability of proper disposal of antibiotics in community pharmacies and to explore obstacles and opportunities from pharmacist's point of view.

Examining Physicians' Approaches to Treating Relatives in Primary Health Care Centers: Insights from a Qualitative Study.

Family medicine physicians take care of a diverse population of patients with a variety of acute and chronic diseases. These patients include family, friends, and acquaintances who may ask for direct medical care or help in accessing healthcare products and services within or outside of officially approved procedures. This is ethically challenging due to an ambiguous medical code of ethics, but it is commonly accepted as normal behavior by society.

Simultaneous Occurrence of Collagen Type III Glomerulopathy and Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: A Rare Case Report.

BACKGROUND Collagen type III glomerulopathy (CG) is a rare disease with poorly understood pathogenesis, usually identified by abnormal collagen type III accumulation in glomeruli and manifesting as progressive deterioration of kidney function with nephrotic-range proteinuria. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent glomerulopathy worldwide and is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease as a result of progressive fibrotic changes. Fibrosis is primarily caused by collagen type III deposition, which may explain the simultaneous occurrence of IgAN and CG.

Adverse Impact of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Saudi Arabia Retrospective Multi-Center Study.

Objective: The current study aimed to determine the pregnancy outcomes complications in patients with SLE and its association with clinical, laboratory variables, disease activity, and medication use in the Saudi population, as well as pregnancy effect on disease activity.

Methods: A multicenter study included pregnant female patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) from three tertiary centers in Saudi Arabia. The demographics, clinical, and laboratory variables, SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), medication before, during, and after pregnancy, planned pregnancy, pregnancy-related outcomes, and complications in comparison to age-matched healthy female controls were noted.

Primary Synovial Sarcoma of the Scrotum.

The report outlines a case of synovial sarcoma in the scrotal region. A 36-year-old male presented with a scrotal swelling. The lesion was completely resected, whereas the histopathologic examination revealed a spindle cell tumor.

Dried blood spots for the quantification simultaneous administration of the antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs.

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass (LC MS/MS) was used for the determination of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of the three antipsychotics (aripiprazole, quetiapine and olanzapine) and three antidepressants (paroxetine, Escitalopram and sertraline) drugs simultaneously. Both groups of drugs can be concurrently used to treat behavioral disorders. It appears that there is no test for the rapid detection of all six compounds simultaneously using LC MS/M, despite the fact that several analysis publications found these drugs individually.

Patients' views and experiences on the use and safety of directly acting oral anticoagulants: a qualitative study.

Background: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are considered high-risk medications and used to prevent thromboembolic events and stroke. This study aimed to examine patients' views and experiences of DOACs use and factors that can promote safety associated with DOACs.

Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with adult patients who had been prescribed DOACs, identified and invited by local collaborators in three different tertiary care hospitals in Saudi Arabia.

A Qualitative Study on the Perception of Medication Adherence by the Social Circles of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: Studies have indicated that half of all patients with diabetes do not take their medication as prescribed. Patient social circles, including professionals (health care providers) and nonprofessionals (family and friends) might contribute to low medication adherence. Therefore, this study explored the point of view of healthcare providers and family members of patients with diabetes on patient medication adherence.

Medication errors in relation to direct-acting oral anticoagulants: a qualitative study of pharmacists' views and experiences.

Background: Despite their effectiveness and ease of use, medication errors have been reported to be highly prevalent with direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOAC).

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore views and experiences of pharmacists on contributory factors and mitigation strategies around medication errors in relation to DOAC.

Method: This study used a qualitative design.

The problem of pulmonary arterial hypertension in end-stage renal disease: can peritoneal dialysis be the solution.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in the setting of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has important prognostic and therapeutic consequences. We estimated the prevalence of PAH among patients with ESRD treated with automated peritoneal dialysis (APD), investigated the effect of different variables and compared pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac function at the beginning and end of the study.

Methods: This is a 5-year study in which 31 ESRD patients on APD were recruited after fulfilling inclusion criteria.

Qualitative research in the Arabic language. When should translations to English occur? A literature review.

Qualitative studies are a valuable approach to exploratory research. Frequently, researchers are required to collect data in languages other than English, which requires a translation process for the results to be communicated to a wider audience. However, language-embedded meaning can be lost in the translation process, and there is no consensus on the optimum timing of translation during the analysis process.

Views, experiences and contributory factors related to medication errors associated with direct oral anticoagulants: a qualitative study with physicians and nurses.

Background: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have become preferable for the management of thromboembolic events. Recent publications have however identified high volume of medication errors related to DOACs. There is limited literature on why and how such errors occur or happen in clinical practice.

Physicians' views on cardiovascular disease risk prevention services by pharmacists and potential for collaboration.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Early identification and management of modifiable CVD risk factors are highly effective in preventing disease onset and/or improving outcomes in CVD. As highly accessible primary health professionals, pharmacists can assume a role in screening and risk factor management in collaboration with physicians; however, such prevention services are not established practice in Saudi pharmacies.

Quality of diabetes care among patients with schizophrenia. A mixed-methods study.

Objectives: Patients with schizophrenia are at high risk of developing diabetes. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetes in patients with schizophrenia and assess their quality of diabetes care. We further aimed to explore the factors affecting diabetes care in patients with schizophrenia.

Primary Renal Synovial Sarcoma Presenting as Haemorrhagic Shock: A Rare Presentation.

Primary synovial sarcoma (PSS) of the kidney is considered the rarest type of all renal sarcomas with specific chromosomal translocation t (X; 18) (p11.2; q11.2).

Development and Validation of a Simple and Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for Quantification of Metformin in Dried Blood Spot Its Application as an Indicator for Medication Adherence.

Objective: Metformin (MET), an oral biguanide agent, can improve insulin resistance and decrease hepatic glucose production, leading to a reduction in blood-sugar levels. The objective of the present study was to develop and validate simple and rapid LC-MS/MS method for analysis of MET in dried blood spot (DBS) sample for patient monitoring studies purposes (drug adherence).

Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved with Waters HSS-T3 column using gradient elution of mobile phases of two solvents: 1) solvent A, consisted of 10mM ammonium formate, 0.

Splenic Infarcts and Pulmonary Renal Syndrome in a Young Patient with Double-Positive Anti-GBM and ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.

Double-positive disease, defined by double-seropositivity for serum anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) is a rare cause of pulmonary-renal syndrome. Here, we present an exceptional course of a 20-year-old male with seropositivity for anti-myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and anti-GBM antibody, who presented first with renal impairment due to focal necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis. After receiving treatment, he presented two years later with a relapse manifesting with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and multiple splenic infarcts.

Cardiovascular disease risk prevention services by pharmacists in Saudi Arabia: what do policymakers and opinion leaders think?

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an emerging contributor to national morbidity and mortality in Saudi Arabia. CVD risk prevention services are limited, particularly with an over-utilised public health sector and an under-utilised and under-resourced primary care sector. Globally, there is evidence that community pharmacists can play a key role in CVD prevention within primary care.

Multiple Primary Malignancies of the Colon, Stomach, and Kidney in a Patient with Bowel Obstruction Requiring Emergency Surgery: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignancy (MPM) is defined as 2 or more primary malignancies diagnosed in the same patient. Even though MPMs are rare, various associated tumors have been reported in the literature. We report the first case of triple synchronous primary malignancies: gastrointestinal stromal tumor, colon adenocarcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma.

Factors impeding the supply of over-the-counter medications according to evidence-based practice: A mixed-methods study.

Objective: Despite the positive attitudes pharmacists have toward evidence-based practices (EBPs), its application in community pharmacies in Saudi Arabia is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to explore and assess EBPs by community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia when they dispense over-the-counter (OTC) medications for three minor ailments: diarrhea, cough, and the common cold.

Research Design And Methods: We used a mixed-methods approach consisting of two study parts.

Granulomatous Interstitial Nephritis Due to Renal-limited Sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis can present as acute kidney injury (AKI) due to granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN). AKI caused by sarcoid GIN without extra-renal manifestations is extremely rare. We report a case of a 42-year-old man with a history of unexplained weight loss admitted with progressively worsening kidney function.

Health consumer engagement in developing novel preventive health community pharmacy roles in cardiovascular disease in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative analysis.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of key leading causes of mortality worldwide. Both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors contribute to the development of CVD. Modifiable risk factors such as smoking, unhealthy diets and lack of exercise are increasing in prevalence in Saudi Arabia but may be mitigated using pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches.

Renal histopathology spectrum in children with kidney diseases in Saudi Arabia, 1998-2017.

Objectives: To identify the trends in the diagnostic frequency of glomerular disease subtypes by renal biopsy in children in Saudi Arabia over the last 20 years.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we identified all patients aged less than 18 years for whom native kidney biopsy was performed between 1998 and 2017. The period during which biopsy was performed (1998-2004, 2005-2011, and 2012-2017) and the demographic information and their association with the prevalence of various glomerular disease subtypes were our primary outcomes.

Cardiovascular disease risk screening by pharmacists: a behavior change wheel guided qualitative analysis.

Background: In common with many developed countries, Saudi Arabia is currently experiencing an increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden. However, systematic screening programs for early identification and minimization of CVD risk within community or general clinical settings are limited. Globally, research suggests that pharmacists can play an effective role in identifying, assessing, managing and referring people at risk of CVD in the community as well as in the hospital setting.