AI-Driven Microscopy: Cutting-Edge Approach for Breast Tissue Prognosis Using Microscopic Images.

Microscopic imaging aids disease diagnosis by describing quantitative cell morphology and tissue size. However, the high spatial resolution of these images poses significant challenges for manual quantitative evaluation. This project proposes using computer-aided analysis methods to address these challenges, enabling rapid and precise clinical diagnosis, course analysis, and prognostic prediction.

Optimal design of tilt integral derivative controller for a boost converter based on swarm-inspired algorithms.

This article proposes a novel dual-loop control (DLC) method with a Tilt Integral Derivative (TID) Controller for output voltage regulation and inductor current regulation in a boost converter. The TID controller is designed with the aid of swarm inspired algorithms, particularly Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Salp Swarm Optimization (SSO). The TID Controller is a robust, and feedback type of controller and belongs to the family of fractional order controllers.

Quantitative flow ratio of the donor coronary artery supplying a chronic total occlusion territory.

Background: Coronary physiology to guide multi-vessel coronary intervention is associated with better outcome. In the presence of a coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO), hemodynamic evaluation of intermediate lesions in the donor coronary artery supplying a CTO territory still has limitations. We aim to evaluate implementing quantitative flow ratio (QFR) in assessing angiographically intermediate lesions of the main donor coronary artery supplying a CTO territory.

The clinical utility of shock index in hospitalised patients requiring activation of the rapid response team.

Background: The systolic shock index (SSI) is used to direct management and predict outcomes, but its utility in patients requiring rapid response team (RRT) activation is unclear.

Objectives: We explored whether SSI can predict the outcomes of ward patients experiencing clinical deterioration and compared its performance with other parameters.

Methods: This retrospective study included adult patients in medical/surgical wards who required RRT activation.

Beyond Traditional Restorations: Management With Endocrown in a Late Adolescent.

Endodontically treated molar rehabilitation is still challenging. Molars lose their mechanical properties after endodontic therapy. As a result of the pulp and surrounding dentin tissues being removed, they actually became brittle.

Prevalence and Incidence of Stress Among UK Dental Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Dental professionals experience stress daily due to the nature of the excessively demanding working environment in addition to the trust laid upon them by the public. This review aims to evaluate the available evidence on the prevalence and incidence of stress in UK dental students. The paper critically assesses current evidence, shedding light on mental health issues faced by dental healthcare workers.

Kernel random forest with black hole optimization for heart diseases prediction using data fusion.

In recent years, the Internet of Things has played a dominant role in various real-time problems and given solutions via sensor signals. Monitoring the patient health status of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) facilitates communication between wearable sensor devices and patients through a wireless network. Heart illness is one of the reasons for the increasing death rate in the world.

Credibility-based knowledge graph embedding for identifying social brand advocates.

Brand advocates, characterized by their enthusiasm for promoting a brand without incentives, play a crucial role in driving positive word-of-mouth (WOM) and influencing potential customers. However, there is a notable lack of intelligent systems capable of accurately identifying online advocates based on their social interactions with brands. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offer structured and factual representations of human knowledge, providing a potential solution to gain holistic insights into customer preferences and interactions with a brand.

Investigating the complications of frequent pregnancy loss in patients referred to obstetrics and gynecology clinics at King Khalid University Hospital.

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a common problem affecting many women. This study aimed to investigate the baseline characteristics of 400 women with RPL and to examine any differences in baseline characteristics of the recruited women with RPL throughout the years.

Methods: This study used retrospective data, which included the records of patients with RPL who visited King Khalid University Hospital's obstetric clinic between 2019 and 2022.

An efficient image encryption algorithm using 3D-cyclic chebyshev map and elliptic curve.

With the development of internet technologies, it is now usual to communicate enormous amounts of text and visual data over networks, which calls for stringent procedures to guarantee confidentiality and integrity throughout transmission. An important part of safeguarding image communication over secure channel is cryptography. This study proposes an effective way to secure sensitive data by creating tamper-proof cryptosystems and authentication mechanisms.

Resection of accessory parotid gland tumor utilizing trans-oral technique: a case report.

In this report, we discuss a rare case of pleomorphic adenoma in the accessory parotid gland of a 39-year- old male, which is generally a difficult tumor to manage because of the danger of facial scarring and nerve injury from external incisions. A minimally invasive trans-oral surgical technique was used, resulting in a successful resection without the usual complications, demonstrating a promising option that focuses on cosmetic and functional benefits. The importance of complete preoperative evaluations is emphasized, as is the possibility for broader applicability with additional study, establishing the technique's efficacy to improve outcomes for patients in similar circumstances.

Towards Cleaner Cities: Estimating Vehicle-Induced PM with Hybrid EBM-CMA-ES Modeling.

In developing countries, vehicle emissions are a major source of atmospheric pollution, worsened by aging vehicle fleets and less stringent emissions regulations. This results in elevated levels of particulate matter, contributing to the degradation of urban air quality and increasing concerns over the broader effects of atmospheric emissions on human health. This study proposes a Hybrid Explainable Boosting Machine (EBM) framework, optimized using the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES), to predict vehicle-related PM concentrations and analyze contributing factors.

AI in oral medicine: is the future already here? A literature review.

Objective Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping many healthcare disciplines, mainly with newly developed computer systems or machines that have the ability to mimic human intelligence. This paper aims to review the available evidence on the applications of AI in oral medicine. The review critically assesses current evidence, shedding light on AI's growing role in this field.

Glycemic impact of cereal and legume-based bakery products: Implications for chronic disease management.

This review examines the glycemic impact of cereal and legume-based bakery products and their potential role in chronic disease management, particularly in type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The primary objective is to assess the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of bakery products made from cereals such as wheat and barley, and legumes like chickpeas, and to explore their effects on postprandial blood glucose response. Cereal-based products typically exhibit higher GIs (55-80), while legume-based bakery products demonstrate lower GIs (40-50), potentially contributing to better glycemic control.

The interplay between toothbrush stiffness and charcoal-containing dentifrice on the development of enamel topography changes.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the in vitro effect of a charcoal-containing dentifrice with different toothbrush stiffness on enamel.

Methods: Four main groups were applied: distilled water, conventional fluoridated toothpaste (Colgate Total 12 Clean Mint Toothpaste), charcoal toothpaste (Colgate Total Charcoal Toothpaste) and whitening toothpaste (Colgate Total Advanced Whitening Toothpaste). Three subgroups for each toothpaste were further included according to the toothbrush bristles' stiffness (soft, medium, and hard).

Effect of cognitive remediation therapy in anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) can significantly affect cognitive well-being. Cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) is regarded as one of the effective treatments for cognitive impairment in some mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and attention deficit. For this reason, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the effectiveness of CRT in patients with AN.

Unexpected Repigmentation of Vitiligo Universalis Following Hemodialysis Initiation: A Rare Case Report and Literature Overview.

Vitiligo is a chronic skin depigmentation disorder affecting 0.2-1.8% of the global population, with a significant prevalence in Saudi Arabia.

Quality of Life and Out-of-Pocket Expenditures for Sickle Cell Disease Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Single-Center Study.

Sickle cell anemia (SCD) is a relatively uncommon health condition in many countries, but it is prevalent in Saudi Arabia mainly due to the high incidence of consanguineous marriages. Regrettably, there are elevated rates of vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs) and blood transfusions, leading to poor quality of life and significant financial strain. This study aimed to assess the frequency of blood transfusions, out-of-pocket expenditures (OOPEs), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in SCD patients.

Low-Grade Non-intestinal Type Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report.

Sinonasal non-intestinal-type adenocarcinomas represent a rare subset of head and neck cancers with distinct pathological and clinical characteristics. Patients usually present with nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and rhinorrhea. The diagnosis is established through histopathological examination.

Non-Adherence to Antiseizure Medications: Rate and Predictors in Saudi Arabia.

: The objective of this paper is to determine the rate and predictors of non-adherence to antiseizure medications in Saudi Arabia. : A cross-sectional study which involved questionnaires and data collection from patients' medical records was conducted at neurology clinics. The rate of non-adherence to antiseizure medications was measured using "the Medication Adherence Rating Scale" (MARS).

Relation between Urine Cytological Findings and Renal Function in Patients with Kidney Stones in Taif, Saudi Arabia.

: Urine serves as a vital diagnostic fluid, and urine cytology analysis plays a crucial role in identifying urinary system illnesses such as bladder cancer and kidney stones. The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology establishes a uniform method for diagnosing urinary tract cancer. This study aimed to provide valuable insights that can inform diagnostic strategies related to kidney stones and ultimately improve patient outcomes via the early detection of the cellular changes associated with kidney stones and their relation to kidney function tests.

Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin in Treating Gram-Negative Infections: Does Obesity Matter?

Background: Obesity is considered a health issue associated with increased morbidity and a risk factor for multiple conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and infections. It may affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of many drugs, including antimicrobials like ciprofloxacin. Regrettably, data on ciprofloxacin's efficacy in obese patients remain scarce.