Enhancers of cancer stem cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition: Lin28, MUC1, and lipocalin-2 as a new prognostic axis in classical invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast.

Breast carcinoma is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. The primary objective of the present study was to eva-luate the expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers Lin28, MUC1, and lipocalin-2 in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and to investigate their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival. This prospective cohort study included 120 classic ILC cases investigated for immunohistochemical expressions of Lin28, MUC1, and lipocalin-2 and followed them for five years or until death.

The Correlation of Serum Adropin with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Experimental Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Implication in the Ameliorative Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors.

Background: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is estimated to be far greater than that in the general population. Adropin regulates endothelial function and may play a role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) treatment was reported to have a protective effect on both renal and cardiovascular function.

Prevalence of and factors associated with placental malaria in the White Nile State: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Malaria during pregnancy can lead to maternal and perinatal adverse effects. Despite the preventive measures, recent research has shown that malaria during pregnancy is still a threatening health problem, especially in Sub-Saharan African countries. The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with placental malaria in Rabak Hospital in central Sudan.

FABP4, GINS2 and CBX7 Expression in Cancer Cervix Tissues: Clinical, Pathological and Prognostic Implications.

Background & Objective: Cervical cancer spreads to the pelvic lymph nodes, leading to a high incidence of cancer recurrence and unfavorable survival rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need to detect new predictive biomarkers for the early assessment of pelvic lymph node status in patients with cervical cancer. The current study aimed to assess the expression of FABP4, GINS2, and CBX7 in cervical cancer tissue to detect their prognostic and predictive roles in developing lymph node metastases in patients with that cancer type.

Ameliorative potential of rosmarinic acid in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome: Targeting MCP-1 and VEGF: A histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multidisciplinary endocrinopathy that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by menstrual complications, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular issues. The current research investigated the efficacy of rosmarinic acid in letrozole-induced PCOS in adult female rats as well as the potential underlying molecular mechanisms.

Clinico-genomic findings, molecular docking, and mutational spectrum in an understudied population with breast cancer patients from KP, Pakistan.

In this study, we report the mutational profiles, pathogenicity, and their association with different clinicopathologic and sociogenetic factors in patients with Pashtun ethnicity for the first time. A total of 19 FFPE blocks of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from the Breast Cancer (BC) tissue and 6 normal FFPE blocks were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing (WES). Various somatic and germline mutations were identified in cancer-related genes, i.

Ameliorative Potential of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Versus Prednisolone in a Rat Model of Lung Fibrosis: A Histological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown origin with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. The encouraging findings from preclinical investigations utilizing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) indicated that they could serve as a promising therapeutic alternative for managing chronic lung conditions, such as IPF. The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) versus prednisolone, the standard anti-inflammatory medication, in rats with bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis.

Evaluation of Some Prognostic Biomarkers in Human Papillomavirus-Related Multiphenotypic Sinonasal Carcinoma.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related multi phenotypic sinonasal carcinoma (HMSC) is a recently described tumor subtype with an unknown prognosis, often misdiagnosed with other sinonasal carcinomas, and associated with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV). The present study aimed to evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), ProExC, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and assess their association with survival and clinicopathological characteristics.

Methods: Between 2017 and 2022, 40 HMSC patients underwent surgical resection at the School of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals (Zagazig, Egypt).

Preliminary insights on the mutational spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Pakhtun ethnicity breast cancer patients from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.

Gene mutations are a source of genetic instability which fuels the progression of cancer. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are considered as major drivers in the progression of breast cancer and their detection indispensable for devising therapeutic and management approaches. The current study aims to identify novel pathogenic and recurrent mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Pakhtun population from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

A novel triad for the diagnosis of endometriosis, the short anogenital distance combines with high endometrial BCL2 and low endometrial FASL.

Objective: To investigate the anogenital distance from the upper verge of the anus to the posterior fourchette (AGD), FASL, and BCL2 combination as a reliable and non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of endometriosis.

Methods: This study included 100 women with endometriosis and 50 women without endometriosis as the control group. All cases underwent history taking, body mass index (BMI) measurement, AGD measurement, and FASL and BCL2 immunohistochemical staining of the eutopic endometrial tissue.

Epstein-Barr Virus Promotes Tumorigenicity and Worsens Hodgkin Lymphoma Prognosis by Activating JAK/STAT and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is detected in 40% of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). During latency, EBV induces epigenetic alterations to the host genome and decreases the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of mRNA molecules and the end product of proteins for the JAK/STAT and NF-κB pathways, and their association with clinicopathological and prognostic parameters in patients with EBV-positive and -negative classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL).

Effect of Aromatase Inhibitor Letrozole on the Placenta of Adult Albino Rats: A Histopathological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study.

Background: Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, has recently been introduced as the preferred treatment option for ectopic pregnancy. To date, no study has investigated the effect of letrozole alone on placental tissue. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of letrozole on the placenta of rats and to clarify the underlying mechanism.

Trigonelline Chloride Ameliorated Triphenyltin-Induced Testicular Autophagy, Inflammation, and Apoptosis: Role of Recovery.

Triphenyltin chloride (TPT-Cl) is an organometallic organotin. This study aimed to investigate the role of trigonelline (TG) along with the impact of TPT withdrawal on the testicular toxicity induced by TPT-Cl. Thirty-six adult male albino rats were divided into control, TG (40 mg/kg/day), TPT-Cl (0.

Immunohistochemical Expression of Immune Checkpoints; CTLA-4, LAG3, and TIM-3 in Cancer Cells and Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) in Colorectal Carcinoma.

Background: Colorectal cancer is considered the third most prevalent cancer in both sexes. Immune checkpoint receptors that regulate T-cell response, stimulation, and development include lymphocyte activating gene 3 (LAG-3), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3). In addition, they are crucial for the advancement of cancer and tumor immune escape.

Mutational Landscape and In-Silico Analysis of , , and in Patients with Breast Cancer from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Herein, we report the mutational spectrum of three breast cancer candidate genes (, , and ) using WES for identifying potential biomarkers. The WES data were thoroughly analyzed using SAMtools for variant calling and identification of the mutations. Various bioinformatic tools (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Mutation Taster, ISPRED-SEQ, SAAFEQ-SEQ, ConSurf, PROCHECK etc.

PYCR1, BANF1, and STARD8 Expression in Gastric Carcinoma: A Clinicopathologic, Prognostic, and Immunohistochemical Study.

Background: It will be important to understand the molecular pathways of gastric cancer (GC) occurrence and progression, thus detecting predictive and prognostic biomarkers of GC. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) was upregulated in many cancers, suggesting its possible roles in carcinogenesis and tumor metastases. Barrier-of-autointegration factor 1 (BANF1) is a protein family that plays essential roles in maintaining the integrity of an intact cellular genome.

Lemongrass Essential Oil Attenuates Perfluorooctane Sulfonate-Induced Jejunal Mucosal Injury in Rat: A Histological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has harmful impacts on various organs, including the intestine. Lemongrass essential oil (LGEO) has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory effects. This study investigated the impact of PFOS on the mucosa of the jejunum of rats and evaluated LGEO's protective impact.

Protein Expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC): Clinical, Pathological, and Prognostic Findings.

Background & Objective: Cells of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are resistant to the most currently used chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies; hence, we evaluated the expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST in cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and benign adjacent tissues of kidney to detect associations between their expression and clinicopathological features, prognostic data, tumor recurrence, and survival rates.

Methods: We collected 200 samples including tumoral and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues related to 100 ccRCC patients. All samples were evaluated for the expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST, and the patients were followed up for about 5 years.

Polystyrene microplastic particles induced hepatotoxic injury via pyroptosis, oxidative stress, and fibrotic changes in adult male albino rats; the therapeutic role of silymarin.

Microplastics (MPs) have become a worldwide issue because of their persistence in marine organisms, their accumulation in the food chains, and their inevitable human exposure. Silymarin is a therapeutic agent used in the treatment of multiple liver diseases. The study aimed to explore the potential therapeutic effect of 2 weeks of silymarin treatment against the effects of two sizes of 1 and 5 μm of polystyrene microplastic particles (PS-MPs) on the liver after 6 weeks of the study period.

Evening primrose oil attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis, and ultrastructural alterations induced by metanil yellow in the liver of rat: a histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study.

The food color metanil yellow (Myl) is hazardous to several body systems. Evening primrose oil (EPO) was reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. The present work investigated the impact of Myl on the hepatic structure and function of rats and evaluated the protective effect of EPO.

Ameliorative effect of sesame oil on experimentally induced polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross-link between XBP-1/PPAR-1, regulatory proteins for lipogenesis/steroids.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a mixed endocrine/metabolic/reproductive disorder in women of reproductive age. Sesame oil (SO) contains sesame lignans & vitamin E with broad-spectrum antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigates the ameliorative effect of SO on experimentally induced PCOS and elucidates the possible molecular mechanisms with a deeper focus on the different signaling pathways involved.

Overexpression of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and Its Relation with Aggressiveness and Grade of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been shown to be involved in cancer metastasis in several cancer types. There is however conflicting evidence of HIF-1α expression with oral cancer prognosis. Therefore, this study set out to investigate HIF-1α overexpression and its relationship with the aggressiveness and grade of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to explore the diagnostic potential of HIF-1α overexpression in OSCC in a cohort of Pakistani patients.

The neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on the cerebral cortex changes induced by aluminium chloride in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease: A histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common types of dementia among neurodegenerative disorders characterized by attention deficits and memory loss. Panax ginseng is a traditional Chinese herbal remedy that has been employed for millennia to manage dementia linked with aging and memory impairment. Ginsenoside Rb1 is one of Panax ginseng's most abundant components.

Methotrexate enhances oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ultrastructural alterations in the placenta of rat.

The chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate (MTX) is utilized to treat various malignancies. MTX exposure during pregnancy causes miscarriages, abnormalities in newborns, and developmental delays. The current study examined the placenta's sequential histopathological alterations following exposure to the MTX in pregnant rats.

[Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma of the radial pulse groove].

Background: Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a slowly progressing rare soft-tissue tumour of moderate malignant potential. It is most commonly seen in children and young adults. Clinically, the lesion is easily confused with a haematoma or soft-tissue haemangioma, and the radiological aspects are not specific.