Correction to: Analyzing the Functional Interdependence of Verbal Behavior with Multiaxial Radar Charts.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s40614-024-00404-6.].

Analyzing the Functional Interdependence of Verbal Behavior with Multiaxial Radar Charts.

Unlabelled: The functional analysis of complex verbal behavior requires an evaluation of topographically similar responses under multiple sources of control. Traditional graphical displays of behavior were designed to show the manipulation of isolated controlling variables and may not be amenable to displaying the multidimensional properties of complex behavior. Researchers have recently demonstrated the use of multiaxial radar charts for comparing the functional performance of biological systems.

Culturally Responsive Language Assessment Through a Verbal Operant Experimental Analysis.

Speakers from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds are disproportionately identified with communication deficits, a defining feature of autism spectrum disorder. The present case study demonstrates the use of a verbal operant experimental analysis as a measure of functional language. This analysis allows a bilingual participant to switch freely between responses in Spanish and English.

Correction to: Cochran's Q Test of Stimulus Overselectivity within the Verbal Repertoire of Children with Autism.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s40614-021-00315-w.].

Cochran's Q Test of Stimulus Overselectivity within the Verbal Repertoire of Children with Autism.

Stimulus overselectivity remains an ill-defined concept within behavior analysis, because it can be difficult to distinguish truly restrictive stimulus control from random variation. Quantitative models of bias are useful, though perhaps limited in application. Over the last 50 years, research on stimulus overselectivity has developed a pattern of assessment and intervention repeatedly marred by methodological flaws.

Referent-Based Instruction to Strengthen the Verbal Behavior of Early Learners with Autism and Related Language Disorders.

The current study evaluated the use of precision teaching to address the verbal behavior deficits of children with autism and other language disorders. From 2013 to 2018, a high-research-activity doctoral university in the south-central United States operated a free clinic that provided applied behavior anlaysis services to early learners in the local community. Participants received referent-based verbal behavior instruction to strengthen their functional language skills by systematically transferring stimulus control across 4 primary verbal operants: mands, echoics, tacts, and sequelics.

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE.

Verbal operant analyses are the extension of functional analysis technology to the field of verbal behavior, of particular relevance to autism spectrum disorders and associated developmental disabilities. Similarly, a verbal operant analysis carefully controls specific environmental factors that influence language, and measures strength of responding across four verbal operant classes: tact, mand, echoic, and sequelic. The frequency of each independent verbal operant is then measured against one another using the stimulus control ratio equation (SCoRE) to summarize the relative strength of the speaker's repertoire.

The Verbal Behavior Stimulus Control Ratio Equation: a Quantification of Language.

Language is a much sought-after yet elusive subject matter for scientific investigation. Entire fields of study have evolved to address the complexities of language, with most using a structural analysis as the framework for examination. Skinner (, 1957) proposed that language fell within the scope of a science of behavior and was therefore open to functional analysis and interpretation.

Referent-Based Verbal Behavior Instruction for Children with Autism.

Skinner's (1957) analysis of verbal behavior deconstructed language according to stimulus control. Although the functional independence of these verbal operants has been empirically demonstrated, more commonly, a speaker's verbal behavior is induced by a convergence of controlling stimuli. However, circumscribed stimulus control may inhibit the development of complex verbal repertoires for some individuals, including those with autism spectrum disorders.

Sensory correlations in autism.

This study examined the relationship between auditory, visual, touch, and oral sensory dysfunction in autism and their relationship to multisensory dysfunction and severity of autism. The Sensory Profile was completed on 104 persons with a diagnosis of autism, 3 to 56 years of age. Analysis showed a significant correlation between the different processing modalities using total scores.

The pattern of sensory processing abnormalities in autism.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the nature of sensory dysfunction in persons with autism. The cross-sectional study examined auditory, visual, oral, and touch sensory processing, as measured by the Sensory Profile, in 104 persons with a diagnosis of autism, 3-56 years of age, gender-and age-matched to community controls. Persons with autism had abnormal auditory, visual, touch, and oral sensory processing that was significantly different from controls.

An examination of the effects of a classroom activity schedule on levels of self-injury and engagement for a child with severe autism.

We examined the effects of an individualized schedule on levels of engagement and self-injury for a student with severe autism. We first conducted a series of functional analyses to identify contexts in which self-injury occurred in his classroom. Results of the functional analyses suggested that self-injury was associated with academic demands.

Teaching VOCA use as a communicative repair strategy.

Students with developmental disabilities often rely on prelinguistic behavior (e.g., reaching, leading) to communicate.