Isotope Effects on the Electronic Spectra of Ammonia from Ab Initio Semiclassical Dynamics.

Despite its simplicity, the single-trajectory thawed Gaussian approximation has proven useful for calculating the vibrationally resolved electronic spectra of molecules with weakly anharmonic potential energy surfaces. Here, we show that the thawed Gaussian approximation can capture surprisingly well even more subtle observables, such as the isotope effects in the absorption spectra, and we demonstrate it on the four isotopologues of ammonia (NH, NDH, NDH, and ND). The differences in their computed spectra are due to the differences in the semiclassical trajectories followed by the four isotopologues, and the isotope effects─narrowing of the transition band and reduction of the peak spacing─are accurately described by this semiclassical method.

Maladaptive personality traits in patients with recent-onset psychosis: A case-control study using the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5).

Background: The relationship between maladaptive personality traits and psychotic disorders in the early stages of disease has not been thoroughly investigated, even though it is essential for developing prevention and early intervention strategies.

Methods: The five domains and the 25 facets of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) were compared between 102 patients with recent-onset psychosis (ROP) and 116 community subjects (C) with a general linear model including age and sex in the analyses. In addition, multiple linear regression models were used to identify which factors associated with the PID-5 domains in ROP, and correlation analyses were used to explore the relationship between personality traits.

The social dimensions of community delivery of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy in Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Introduction: Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (IPTp) is a key malaria prevention strategy in sub-Saharan African countries. We conducted an anthropological study as part of a project aiming to evaluate a community-based approach to the delivery of IPTp (C-IPTp) through community health workers (CHWs) in four countries (the Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar, Mozambique and Nigeria), to understand the social context in order to identify key factors that could influence C-IPTp acceptability.

Methods: A total of 796 in-depth interviews and 265 focus group discussions were undertaken between 2018 and 2021 in the four countries with pregnant women, women of reproductive age, traditional and facility-based healthcare providers, community leaders, and relatives of pregnant women.

Risk factors for metabolic syndrome in individuals with recent-onset psychosis at disease onset and after 1-year follow-up.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of parameters encompassing the most dangerous heart attack risk factors, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It is highly prevalent in recent-onset psychosis (ROP) patients. In this pilot study, we evaluated MetS parameters (fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-c), fasting triglycerides, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure), clinical symptoms, pharmacological treatment, lifestyle, and inflammatory markers in 69 patients with ROP and 61 healthy controls (HCs).

Towards a better understanding of attitudes and beliefs held by traditional healers and recipients of traditional medicine concerning mental health conditions in post-conflict Liberia: a qualitative investigation.

Background: A better understanding of attitudes and beliefs held by traditional healers and utilizers of traditional medicine concerning mental health conditions in Liberia is important as Liberia seeks to improve its delivery of mental healthcare in the context of scarce resources and recovery from civil war.

Methods: A qualitative research design was used to collect data from 24 Liberian traditional healers, and 11 utilizers of Liberian traditional medicine. Participants were queried about mental health problems in Liberia, treatments, and attitudes towards modern healthcare.

Electrochromogenic Detection of Live Bacteria Using Soluble and Insoluble Prussian Blue.

Microbial detection is crucial for the control and prevention of infectious diseases, being one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Among the techniques developed for bacterial detection, those based on metabolic indicators are progressively gaining interest due to their simplicity, adaptability, and, most importantly, their capacity to differentiate between live and dead bacteria. Prussian blue (PB) may act as a metabolic indicator, being reduced by bacterial metabolism, producing a visible color change from blue to colorless.

Trust, community health workers and delivery of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: a comparative qualitative analysis of four sub-Saharan countries.

This qualitative study is part of a project aiming to evaluate a community-based approach to the delivery of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) through community health workers (CHWs) in four sub-Saharan African countries: the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Madagascar, Mozambique and Nigeria. The study aimed to understand the factors that influence the anticipated acceptability of this intervention. A total of 216 in-depth interviews and 62 focus group discussions were carried out in the four country sites with pregnant women, women of reproductive age, community leaders, pregnant women's relatives, CHWs, formal and informal health providers.

Sonochemical coating of Prussian Blue for the production of smart bacterial-sensing hospital textiles.

In healthcare facilities, environmental microbes are responsible for numerous infections leading to patient's health complications and even death. The detection of the pathogens present on contaminated surfaces is crucial, although not always possible with current microbial detection technologies requiring sample collection and transfer to the laboratory. Based on a simple sonochemical coating process, smart hospital fabrics with the capacity to detect live bacteria by a simple change of colour are presented here.

High frequency of clinical conditions commonly associated with mitochondrial disorders in schizophrenia.

Objective: It has been hypothesised that neuropsychiatric symptoms, including psychosis, can be the result of a milder brain bioenergetic defect produced by mitochondrial dysfunction; however, mitochondrial dysfunction can be present in other organs or systems. The aim of the study was to investigate whether clinical conditions associated with mitochondrial disorders (CAMDs) were frequently present in schizophrenia.

Methods: A previously used questionnaire regarding the CAMDs was administered to patients and controls in a direct interview with a trained psychiatrist.

BK virus viral load: analysis of the requests received by the microbiology laboratory and clinical involvement of the issued results.

Automation of viral diagnosis has led to an increase of BK virus (BKV) viral load (VL) requests. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of serum creatinine (SCr) for controlling the demand and to study the clinical characteristics of BKV infection. This is a retrospective study including patients with BKV VL request during April-July 2017.

Well-controlled autoimmune hepatitis treatment withdrawal may be safely accomplished without liver-biopsy guidance.

Background: Autoimmune hepatitis may flare up after treatment withdrawal, especially in those who had not achieved histological remission but had normal liver enzymes. The European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) and the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD) Guidelines recommend performing liver biopsy before treatment withdrawal. The aim of the study is to define the outcome of treatment withdrawal in adults with well-controlled disease for 2 years with and without liver-biopsy guidance.

Care in patients with epidermal necrolysis in burn units. A nursing perspective.

Objective: To describe how nursing care is delivered to patients with epidermal necrolysis in burn units/specialized units in Spain and a selection of countries.

Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire which was sent to nurse managers in all burn units in Spain and a selection of countries.

Self-reported Health Predicts Hispanic Women's Weight Perceptions and Concerns.

Objectives In this study, we examined how self-reported health is related to low-income, Hispanic women's underestimation and concerns of weight status. Methods Seventy Hispanic women from Houston-area community centers reported their perceptions and concerns about their weight and health. Height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index.

Contextual determinants of psychopathology. The singularity of attachment as a predictor of mental dysfunction.

The general aim of this research is to evaluate the singular weight of attachment relationships in psychopathology, to determine the point to which these relationships cannot be subsumed by other variables that are famously related to attachment, such as experience of stressful life events, social support, and coping styles. 172 people treated in mental health centers provided data related to these four aspects and about manifestations of psychopathology. Multiple linear regression analyses determined that 51% of the variance in the level of symptomatology is explained with six variables: two related to adult attachment (fear of rejection and abandonment in romantic relationships, and the degree of similarity to the fearful prototype), one related to social support (family appreciation), one to life events (overall perceived stress), and two to coping style (cognitive restructuring and social withdrawal).

Adolescents at Serious Psychosocial Risk: What Is the Role of Additional Exposure to Violence in the Home?

Research into the effects of interpartner violence on the psychosocial development of the children of maltreated mothers is a relatively new field. This work examines the impact of exposure to interpartner violence (EIPV) on minors in middle and late adolescence, where this vicarious maltreatment is in addition to other situations of severe psychosocial risk. A group of adolescents who had suffered various types of direct maltreatment were compared with another group who, in addition to experiencing direct maltreatment, had mothers who had also been the victims of interpartner violence.

Low-Income Immigrant Hispanic Mothers' Concerns and Perceptions of Their Young Child's Weight.

Objectives: To describe how low-income Hispanic immigrant mothers' concerns and perceptions of her child's health, along with her concerns for herself becoming overweight, relate to her (a) concerns that her child will become overweight and (b) underestimation of her child's weight status.

Design And Sample: Cross-sectional survey and direct body composition assessments were collected among 96 low-income Hispanic mothers and their young children from Houston-area community centers.

Measures: Data were collected on maternal concerns and perceptions of child's weight and health, concerns about her own weight, demographic characteristics, and measured child's height and weight.

Evaluation of medication reconcilliation in a Trauma Unit.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the rate of discrepancies in medication reconciliation on admission patients in a trauma unit, and identifying potential risk factors associated with these discrepancies.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out to identify reconciliation errors in a tertiary hospital during the period from May 1 to July 16 of 2012. Medication history of the patient was compared with home medication data collected on admission, to identify reconciliation errors.

Personality dimensions of schizophrenia patients compared to control subjects by gender and the relationship with illness severity.

Background: Personality traits and schizophrenia present gender differences; however, gender has not been considered in most studies on personality and schizophrenia. This study aims to identify the different personality dimensions of schizophrenia patients and healthy control subjects by gender and to explore the relationship between personality dimensions and illness severity variables by analyzing data for males and females separately.

Methods: Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised dimensions were compared by gender between 161 schizophrenia patients and 214 healthy controls from a population-based sample using independent t-tests.

Validation of the Scale of Preferences and Expectations in Close Interpersonal Relationships (EPERIC).

Background: The most commonly used instruments for assessing adult attachment have shown differing combinations of items and divergences in the resulting sub-scales.

Method: This study presents the Scale of Preferences and Expectations in Close Interpersonal Relationships ( Escala de Preferencias y Expectativas en las Relaciones Interpersonales Cercanas, EPERIC), made up of 22 items, and based upon the Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ) of Griffin and Bartholomew. Exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses (EFA and CFA) were undertaken using data from a sample of 594 people.