Background: The best first-line monotherapy for hypertension remains uncertain, as current guidelines suggest that thiazides, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are appropriate in the absence of specific comorbidities. We aimed to compare the outcomes of first-line antihypertensive classes in a real-life setting with a long follow-up period.
Methods: This nationwide retrospective new-user cohort study included patients insured by the largest health maintenance organization in Israel.
Ebola virus (EBOV) is an enveloped virus that must fuse with the host cell membrane in order to release its genome and initiate infection. This process requires the action of the EBOV envelope glycoprotein (GP), encoded by the virus, which resides in the viral envelope and consists of a receptor binding subunit, GP1, and a membrane fusion subunit, GP2. Despite extensive research, a mechanistic understanding of the viral fusion process is incomplete.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(1) Background: patients who meet current rapid rule-out criteria for myocardial infarction (MI) are considered low risk, yet their management remains nebulous, especially among women. We aimed to examine sex differences in the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of patients meeting the rapid rule-out criteria. (2) Methods: by simulating application of the rapid rule-out MI criteria, we analyzed consecutively triaged men and women with suspected NSTE-ACS who had high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) values that met criteria (n = 11,477), in particular, those who were admitted (n = 3775).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Clinical guidelines recommend insulin as the mainstay of therapy for hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of the current study is to evaluate safety and efficacy of non-insulin anti-hyperglycemic therapy in hospitalized patients.
Materials And Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining treatment of hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes with insulin vs non-insulin therapy.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is prevalent in individuals with essential hypertension (HTN). Masked hypertension occurs in up to 15% of the general population and is associated with adverse clinical outcome. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the prevalence of masked hypertension in apparently normotensive individuals with lone AF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Many patients with suspected non-ST-elevation (NSTE) acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are admitted, even those with initial high-sensitivity cardiac troponins (hs-cTn) values who meet rapid rule-out criteria for myocardial infarction (MI). We examined the clinical outcomes, resource utilization, and diagnostic yield of suspected NSTE-ACS patients, who presented with hs-cTnT values meeting these criteria but were nevertheless hospitalized.
Methods And Results: Applying the 2020 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) rapid rule-out MI criteria, we identified consecutive patients with an initial value of hs-cTnT <5 ng/L or an initial value of ≥5 ng/L but <14 ng/L (99th percentile) and a small increment in a subsequent test, who were nevertheless admitted.
Arch Endocrinol Metab
November 2022
In accordance with previous publications, re-admission rates following hospitalization of patients with COVID-19 is 10%. The aim of the current study was to describe the rates and risk factors of hospital re-admissions two months following discharge from hospitalization during the fifth wave due to the dominant Omicron variant. A retrospective cohort study was performed in Rabin Medical Center, Israel, from November 2021 to February 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFD-dimer assay's utility for excluding venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients is debatable. We aimed to assess the current use of D-dimer as a diagnostic tool for excluding VTE in hospitalized patients and examine a mandatory age-adjusted D-dimer (AADD) threshold for diagnostic imaging. Retrospective cohort study between 2014 to 2019 that included patients from medical and surgical wards with a positive AADD result drawn during their hospitalization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the effect of linagliptin vs. standard therapy in improving clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with diabetes and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Materials And Methods: We did an open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial in 3 Israeli hospitals between October 1, 2020, and April 4, 2021.
Introduction: Randomized controlled trials that compared direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE), demonstrated both efficacy and safety of DOACs. The aim of the current study was to compare DOACs to VKA for the treatment of VTE in the elderly, in a real-life setting.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed in Rabin Medical Center encompassing a 7-year period.
The co-occurrence of thymoma and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia is an extremely rare but previously reported association that poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We describe a 67-year-old patient with long-standing untreated B1 thymoma that presented with constitutional symptoms and a painless soft tissue mass on the right chest wall. Pathological analysis of the biopsy from the mass demonstrated T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurden of COVID-19 on Hospitals across the globe is enormous and has clinical and economic implications. In this retrospective study including consecutive adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 who were admitted between 3/2020 and 30/9/20, we aimed to identify post-discharge outcomes and risk factors for re-admission among COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Mortality and re-admissions were documented for a median post discharge follow up of 59 days (interquartile range 28,161).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Ischaemic stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) due to occult atrial fibrillation (AF) may cause severe morbidity and mortality. Diagnosing occult AF can be challenging and there is no consensus regarding the optimal duration of screening. A 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) is frequently employed to detect occult AF following ischaemic CVA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: Data on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly using proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are scant. We aimed to test the association between PPI use and the occurrence of first-time ischemic stroke (FTIS) among elderly.
Methods: The electronic database of a centrally located district branch of a large health maintenance organization in Israel was retrospectively screened (2002-2016) for community-dwelling individuals (≥65-95 years) for demographics and co-morbidities.
Purpose: To identify predictors and evaluate outcomes of posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) and to investigate the effect of treatment modalities on outcomes.
Methods: The database of a tertiary medical center was searched for all adult patients without prior diabetes who underwent lung, liver, or heart transplantation between January 1, 2012 and June 30, 2018. Patients in whom PTDM (defined as HbA1C ≥ 6.
The diagnostic utility of different thresholds of elevated urinary fractionated metanephrine (UFM) for pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma (PPGL) was evaluated in 10 164 community-dwelling subjects (2012-2017). Levels were ≥1.5× the upper normal limit (UNL) in 276 subjects (2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Kidney transplantation is associated with early improvement in cardiac function and structure; however, data on cardiac adaptation and its relation to kidney allograft function remain sparse.
Objectives: To investigate the relationship between post-transplant kidney function and echocardiographic measures in patients with normal/preserved pre-transplant cardiac structure and function.
Methods: The study included 113 patients who underwent kidney transplantation at a single tertiary medical center from 2000 to 2012.
This study sought to determine the prevalence of significant liver disease in those subjects with serum alanine aminotransferase levels in the range between the current and the newly suggested upper limit of normal (termed the delta range). The files of the previous study subjects (who underwent at least one alanine aminotransferase measurement in 2002 and followed to 2012) were reviewed for a diagnosis of chronic liver disease; aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index, FIB-4 and alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase ratio were used to evaluate liver fibrosis. The prevalence of significant liver disease, by diagnoses and fibrosis scores was compared between subjects with alanine aminotransferase levels in the delta range (men, 42-45 IU/L; women, 26-34 IU/L) and in the newly suggested normal range (men, 15-42 IU/L; women, 10-26 IU/L).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is a paucity of data on apixaban levels among octogenarians with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). We aimed to compare apixaban levels between octogenarians (with and without dose reduction) and younger patients, to assess the frequency of high and above-range drug levels.
Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective study of 80 patients treated with apixaban for NVAF was conducted.
Background: Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels below and above the reference range have been found to serve as a marker of liver injury and to predict all-cause mortality. The need to adjust the reference range by age, sex, or other parameters remains unclear. The current reference range of serum ALT in Israel is 0-34 IU/l for women and 0-45 IU/l for men.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale And Objectives: Gynecomastia is the benign enlargement of the male breast because of proliferation of the glandular component. To date, there is no radiological definition of gynecomastia and no quantitative evaluation of breast glandular tissues in the general male population. The aims of this study were to supply radiological-based measurements of breast glandular tissue in the general male population, to quantitatively assess the prevalence of gynecomastia according to age by decades, and to evaluate associations between gynecomastia and obesity, cirrhosis, and dialysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is a limited literature discussing the long-term outcome of patients admitted to the emergency department with elevated blood pressure. The aim of the present study was to evaluate outcomes of patients with hypertension who attended an emergency department. All patients with hypertension who attended an emergency department without target organ damage were evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Anemia has been reported to be associated with diabetes, but the association between new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) and anemia has not been reported.
Methods: Patients who underwent kidney transplantation and did not have diabetes prior to transplantation were included in this study. Hemoglobin levels and the prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin <12 g/dL in females and <13 g/dL in males) were evaluated at three time points (prior to transplantation, 6 months following transplantation or 1 month before the development of NODAT, 2 years following transplantation, or following the development of NODAT) and were compared between those who developed NODAT and those who did not.