Association of water, sanitation, hygiene and food practices with enteric fever in a paediatric cohort in North India.

Background: Our aim was to assess the association of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and food practices with culture-confirmed enteric fever in children <15 years of age.

Methods: We followed a cohort of 6000 children from an urban low socioeconomic neighbourhood in South Delhi for 2 years to estimate burden of culture-confirmed enteric fever. Risk ratios (RRs) were estimated to study the association between WASH practices and enteric fever.

Incidence of lab-confirmed dengue fever in a pediatric cohort in Delhi, India.

Background: Our aim was to estimate the overall and age-specific incidence of lab-confirmed dengue fever using ELISA based assays among children 6 months to 15 years in Delhi.

Methods: We enrolled a cohort of 984 children aged 6 months to <14 years in South Delhi and followed-up weekly for fever for 24 months or till 15 completed years of child-age. Households of the enrolled children were geo-tagged.

Incidence of Enteric Fever in a Pediatric Cohort in North India: Comparison with Estimates from 20 Years Earlier.

Background: An earlier cohort in 1995-1996 showed a very high burden of typhoid in Delhi. Our aim was to estimate the current overall and age-specific incidence of culture-confirmed enteric fever among children aged 6 months to 15 years in Delhi.

Methods: We enrolled a cohort of 6000 children aged 6 months to <14 years in South Delhi and followed them up weekly for 24 months or until 15 completed years of child age, whichever was earlier.

Geographically Weighted Regression Modeling of Spatial Clustering and Determinants of Focal Typhoid Fever Incidence.

Background: Typhoid is known to be heterogenous in time and space, with documented spatiotemporal clustering and hotspots associated with environmental factors. This analysis evaluated spatial clustering of typhoid and modeled incidence rates of typhoid from active surveillance at 4 sites with child cohorts in India.

Methods: Among approximately 24 000 children aged 0.

Fibrous dysplasia of the clivus - A case study and literature review.

Fibrous dysplasia is a benign, congenital skeletal disorder which leads to the formation of fibro-osseous intramedullary bone lesions. Clival fibrous dysplasia is a rare variant which commonly presents asymptomatically with no findings on examination and is often picked up incidentally on radiological investigation. A 39-year-old female presented with a sudden onset headache of 3 days' duration alongside diplopia and right lower limb weakness upon examination.

Immunogenicity and lot-to-lot consistency of a ready to use liquid bovine-human reassortant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (ROTASIIL - Liquid) in Indian infants.

Background: A lyophilized bovine-human rotavirus reassortant pentavalent vaccine (BRV-PV, Rotasiil®) was licensed in 2016. A liquid formulation of this vaccine (LBRV-PV, Rotasiil - Liquid) was subsequently developed and was tested for non-inferiority to Rotasiil® and for lot-to-lot consistency.

Methods: This Phase II/III, open label, randomized study was conducted at seven sites across India from November 2017 to June 2018.

Effect of withholding breastfeeding on the immune response to a live oral rotavirus vaccine in North Indian infants.

Interference from transplacental and breast milk antibodies may impede the performance of oral live vaccines. The effect of breastfeeding on the immunogenicity of Rotarix, a two-dose oral monovalent rotavirus vaccine, was examined in a community-based trial in New Delhi, India. Four hundred mother-infant pairs were randomized into two equal groups.

Efficacy of a monovalent human-bovine (116E) rotavirus vaccine in Indian children in the second year of life.

Unlabelled: Rotavirus gastroenteritis is one of the leading causes of diarrhea in Indian children less than 2 years of age. The 116E rotavirus strain was developed as part of the Indo-US Vaccine Action Program and has undergone efficacy trials. This paper reports the efficacy and additional safety data in children up to 2 years of age.

Compliance of mothers following recommendations to breastfeed or withhold breast milk during rotavirus vaccination in North India: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Neutralizing antibodies in breast milk may adversely influence the immune response to live oral vaccines. Withholding breastfeeding around the time of vaccine administration has been suggested for improving vaccine performance. However, we do not know whether mothers find withholding breastfeeding around the time of vaccination acceptable and how they perceive this recommendation.

Efficacy of a monovalent human-bovine (116E) rotavirus vaccine in Indian infants: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe dehydrating gastroenteritis in developing countries. Safe, effective, and affordable rotavirus vaccines are needed in these countries. We aimed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a monovalent human-bovine rotavirus vaccine for severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in low-resource urban and rural settings in India.