Concomitant determination of hematological indices supported the application of the albumin-bilirubin score in non-malignant liver diseases.

The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score is a useful prognostic marker that predicts mortality in patients suffering from terminal diseases. Recently, it has been reported that ALBI score is a predictor of non-malignant liver diseases. The cutoff point of the ALBI score that distinguishes hepatocellular carcinoma from non-malignant liver disease is still not identified.

Association Between the Quality of Life Domains with Anthropometric and Adiposity Indices in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Single Centre in Erbil-Iraq.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between the anthropometric/adiposity indices or ratios with the status of quality of life (QoL) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods: This study was carried out in the Rizgary Teaching Hospital in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq between 1 December 2021 and 31 March 2022. Seventy-five women with a mean value of 11.

Interaction between inflammatory bowel disease, physical activity, and myokines: Assessment of serum irisin levels.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, showed a wide spectrum of intestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations, which rendered the patients physically inactive and impaired their quality of life. It has been found that physical activity is a non-pharmacological intervention that improves the quality of life for those patients. Irisin is one member of the myokines secreted by muscle contraction during exercise and could be used as an anti-inflammatory biomarker in assessing the physical activity of IBD patients.

Amlodipine downregulates gene expression that involved in the signaling pathways of coagulation process in COVID-19 patients: An observational clinical study.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has the property of activating the coagulation process, which is responsible for producing thrombotic events which is considered as one of the most serious COVID-19 complications. Hypertension is a hazard factor for COVID-19 complications, and people who are treated with calcium entry blockers may halt the occurrence of thrombotic events. to evaluate the effect of amlodipine on some genes involved in the activation of the coagulation procedure in COVID-19 patients with hypertensive.

Plateletcrit is a Useful Marker in the Quality of Life Assessment of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study from Erbil, Iraq.

Background: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), hematological indices and ratios have been reported to be related to the severity of illness, and thus could potentially be useful determinants of quality of life (QoL).

Objective: To evaluate the association between hematological indices or ratios, which serve as biomarkers of disease activity, and the QoL of RA patients.

Materials And Methods: This study was carried out in the Rizgary Teaching Hospital in the Kurdistan region of Iraq between December 01, 2021, and March 31, 2022.

Sheep with ovarian androgen excess have fibrosis and follicular arrest with increased mRNA abundance for steroidogenic enzymes and gonadotropin receptors.

An androgen excess ovarian micro-environment may limit follicle progression in sheep. Two populations of ewes with divergent follicular fluid androstenedione (A4) were identified in a flock in Jordan: High A4; (A4) ≥ 30 ng/mL, (N = 12) or Control A4 (Control); A4 ≤ 15 ng/mL; (N = 12). We hypothesized High A4 ewes would have increased steroidogenic enzyme mRNA abundance, inflammation, and follicular arrest.

Comparative modeling and enzymatic affinity of novel haloacid dehalogenase from strain BHS1 isolated from alkaline Blue Lake in Turkey.

This study presents the initial structural model of L-haloacid dehalogenase (DehLBHS1) from BHS1, an alkalotolerant bacterium known for its ability to degrade halogenated environmental pollutants. The model provides insights into the structural features of DehLBHS1 and expands our understanding of the enzymatic mechanisms involved in the degradation of these hazardous pollutants. Key amino acid residues (Arg40, Phe59, Asn118, Asn176, and Trp178) in DehLBHS1 were identified to play critical roles in catalysis and molecular recognition of haloalkanoic acid, essential for efficient binding and transformation of haloalkanoic acid molecules.

Effects of dietary betaine on body temperature indices, performance, metabolism, and hematological variables of dairy heifer calves during hot summer conditions.

Background And Aim: Heat stress (HS) can negatively impact farm animal productivity and adversely affect animal welfare worldwide, placing a major financial burden on global livestock producers. Dietary betaine (trimethylglycine) has been known to have several biological functions, which may aid in offering beneficial effects on livestock productivity during HS conditions. However, information on the role of dietary betaine in heat-stressed dairy heifer calves is yet to be documented.

Effects of Orlistat or Telmisartan on the Serum Free Fatty Acids in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: An Open-Labeled Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: One of the important inducers of inflammatory responses and accumulation of fat in hepatocytes is free fatty acids which ultimately lead to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have high levels of plasma free fatty acids which are usually associated with type 2 diabetes and components of metabolic syndrome including dyslipidemia. Objective of this research is to investigate the effects of orlistat (a lipase enzyme inhibitor) or telmisartan (an angiotensin receptor blocker) on the serum free fatty acids in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients taking into consideration the baseline lipid profile.

Concomitant dysregulation of androgen secretion and dysfunction of adipose tissue induced insulin resistance.

Hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia have resulted from dysfunction of the theca cell of the ovary and adipose tissue and each one potentiates the other in patients with androgen excess disorders polycystic ovary disease and idiopathic hirsutism. Possible external and/or internal triggers can produce such cellular dysfunction. There is evidence that sodium valproate acts as a trigger of cellular dysfunction and produces both hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism.

A new ratio derived from inflammasome markers can serve as a marker of assessment of glycemic index in children with Type 1 diabetes.

Background: Mature inflammasome markers play a role in the development of Type 1 diabetes (T1D). This cross-sectional study aimed to derive ratios from the serum levels of interleukins (ILs): IL-1β and IL-18 and to relate their values with glycemic index and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-4 and IL-10) in children with T1D.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted at Hawler Medical University in Erbil-Iraq from April to July 2018.

Short-term orlistat therapy improves fatty infiltration indices and liver fibrosis scores in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome.

Background And Study Aims: Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exhibit features of metabolic syndrome, including a high body mass index, central obesity, high blood pressure, and abnormal lipid profile values. Orlistat, an intestinal lipase enzyme inhibitor, improves insulin resistance. We aimed to investigate the effects of short-term therapy with orlistat on the components of metabolic syndrome associated with NAFLD and explore its effect on liver fibrosis scores.

Assessment of sudomotor function in hypertensive with/without type-2 diabetes patients using SUDOSCAN: An electrophysiological study.

Objective: Electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) test is a simple and non-invasive screening test can detect dysfunction of the peripheral sudomotor, and indirectly estimates the function of cardiac autonomic nerves. This study aimed to assess the ESC values in hypertensive patients with/without type-2 diabetes by using SUDOSCAN technology. Moreover, this study evaluated the role of cardiometabolic risk factors on the results of ESC test.

The effect of Ultraviolet-B irradiation on the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin as inhibitors of bacterial DNA replication and cell division in urea medium.

Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and Norfloxacin are second-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic against bacterial DNA gyrase, which reduces DNA strain throughout replication. As DNA gyrase is essential through DNA replication, subsequent DNA synthesis and cell division are inhibited. Direct photolysis of fluoroquinolones was studied by using UV irradiation in the presence or absence of other substances that generate free radicals.

A preliminary report about the detection of ventricular repolarisation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multisystem disease which can affect the cardiovascular system as well. We conducted this study to determine the cardiac effects of NAFLD such as conduction of impulse and ventricular repolarisation on electrocardiography (ECG).

Methods: In this study, we recruited patients with risk factors for NAFLD (group I; n = 23) and NAFLD patients (group II; n = 74) from Shar Hospital in Sulaimani City, Iraq.

The role of high-grade Bentonite powder in coccidiosis and its effects on feed conversion ratio and blood parameters in broiler chicken.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high doses of calcium bentonite on the blood parameters, anticoccidial activity and intestinal histology of broiler chickens. Three undred and sixty one-day old broilers were distributed into three treatments (T+VE, T-VE, TB )with three replicates. Amprolium was added to the feed of the positive control group, calcium bentonite powder was added to the TB group, and nothing was added to the feed of the T-VE group.

Utility of Tetrahydrobiopterin Pathway in the Assessment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Significant and Complex Interrelations.

Objectives: Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) pathway that included generation of neopterin (Neop), biopterin (Biop), and nitric oxide (NO) is altered in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to assess the biomarkers of BH4 pathway in noninfected DFUs and to relate these levels to the variables of diabetes as well as to the hematological indices.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional investigating study in a Kurdish people including 30 healthy subjects (group I), 66 T2D patients (group II), and 57 DFUs patients (group III).

Effect of two prostaglandin injections on days 5 and 6 in a timed AI protocol after estrus expression on pregnancy outcomes in dairy cows during cold or hot seasons of the year.

The objective of this study was to test whether prostaglandin (PG) injection on day 30 postpartum (pp) and detection of estrus can affect the efficacy of injecting PG on days 5 and 6 in the timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol on pregnancy rate in a large dairy herd in hot or cold seasons. Out of 2235 cows, 1998 received an injection of PG at  d pp and estrus was observed. Cows that displayed estrus during the estrous observation period after PG injection were classified as estrus (E), while those that did not show estrus were classified as nonestrus (NE).

Pentoxifylline improves the quality of life in type-2 diabetes foot syndrome.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of pentoxifylline on the quality of life (QoL) in diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) by using Short Form-36 questionnaire, and in reference to the revised neuropathy disability score (RNDS) and grading of diabetic foot.

Methods: This randomized placebo-controlled study was carried in the Department of Pharmacology at University of the Sulaimani through 2018. A total number of 80 T2D patients were recruited from outpatients Department attended the Center of Diabetes and the Shar Teaching Hospital in the University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani-Iraq.

Correlation of hematological indices and ratios derived from them with FIQR scores in fibromyalgia.

Objectives: To determine the hematological indices and ratios derived from them in patients with fibromyalgia and to correlate the scores of Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire Revised (FIQR) with the ratios.

Methods: This case control study was performed in the College of Pharmacy at Hawler Medical University in Erbil-Iraq, from November 2016 to June 2017, and it included 40 healthy subjects (Group I) and 150 newly diagnosed FM (Group II). The American College of Rheumatology -10 (ACR-10) diagnostic criteria were used in the diagnosis of FM.

Serum levels of serotonin as a biomarker of newly diagnosed fibromyalgia in women: Its relation to the platelet indices.

Background: This study aimed to assess the serum serotonin levels in the newly diagnosed fibromyalgia (FM) and to relate these levels to the presenting signs and symptoms.

Materials And Methods: This case-control study included 35 healthy women (Group I) served as controls and 130 women with newly diagnosed FM (Group II). The diagnosis of FM was confirmed by the diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology-10.

The Benefit of Prescribing Vitamin D as Add on Therapy on the Electrocardiographic Changes in Epileptic Patients.

Background: Epileptic children and adolescent have a significantly low serum level of vitamin D due to the effect of antiepileptic drugs on the vitamin D metabolism. Those patients are at risk of cardiovascular events.

Objective: This study aimed to show that epileptic patients who treated with antiepileptic drugs supplemented with vitamin D are free from the electrocardiograph changes compared with those treated with antiepileptic drugs.

Ultraviolet light assisted extraction of flavonoids and allantoin from aqueous and alcoholic extracts of .

Aim: (comfrey) is a medicinal plant commonly used in decoction and to treat ailments. It protects the skin against ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation. UV irradiation may induce variable effects on the constituents of herbal extracts and thereby may limit or improve the advantages of using these extracts as medicinal supplements.

Subclinical ventricular repolarization abnormality in uncontrolled compared with controlled treated hypertension.

Background: Antihypertensive medications have variable effects on the duration of the QT interval. This study aims to demonstrate the subclinical ventricular conduction defect in treating hypertensive patients taking in consideration the status of the blood pressure control with the antihypertensive agents.

Methods: This cross-section study was performed at the Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq.