Two Incidental Sibling Diagnoses of Netherton Syndrome in Separate Visits: A Case Report.

Netherton syndrome (NTS) is a genetic disorder that predominantly affects the hair and the skin, and it can have a wide variety of presentations. The genetic syndrome is more common with consanguineous parents. Given the rarity and varying presentation of the condition, a few cases have been reported in the literature.

Risk perception of and cigarettes: Temporal and cross-country comparisons.

Background: Risk perception (RP) is central to smokers' decision to switch to smoke-free tobacco and nicotine products (TNP). This study assessed temporal trends in the health RP of a novel heated tobacco product, , relative to cigarettes, among current users.

Methods: The analyses included repeated cross-sectional data from online surveys in Germany (2018-19), Italy (2018-19), and Japan (2016-17, 2017-18, and 2018-19) among a random sample of current adult users from local registers of users.

Relationships Between Food Groups and Eating Time Slots According to Diabetes Status in Adults From the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008-2017).

Time of eating is associated with diabetes and obesity but little is known about less healthy foods and specific time of their intake over the 24 h of the day. In this study, we aimed to identify potential relationships between foods and their eating time and to see whether these associations may vary by diabetes status. The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) including 6,802 adults (age ≥ 19 years old) collected 749,026 food recordings by a 4-day-diary.

Association between vitamin intake and respiratory complaints in adults from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey years 1-8.

Objective: To examine the cross-sectional association between vitamins A, E, C and D from diet and supplements and the prevalence of respiratory complaints in a nationally representative sample of UK adults.

Methods: Data from adult participants of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme years 2008-2016 were used for the analysis. Logistic regression adapted for complex survey design was used to investigate the relationship between each vitamin intake in turn (exposure) and self-reported respiratory complaints (outcome), adjusting for relevant confounders.

Day-Time Patterns of Carbohydrate Intake in Adults by Non-Parametric Multi-Level Latent Class Analysis-Results from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008/09-2015/16).

This study aims at combining time and quantity of carbohydrate (CH) intake in the definition of eating patterns in UK adults and investigating the association of the derived patterns with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Rolling Program included 6155 adults in the UK. Time of the day was categorized into 7 pre-defined time slots: 6-9 am, 9-12 noon, 12-2 pm, 2-5 pm, 5-8 pm, 8-10 pm, and 10 pm-6 am.

Diurnal Patterns of Energy Intake Derived via Principal Component Analysis and Their Relationship with Adiposity Measures in Adolescents: Results from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey RP (2008⁻2012).

Mounting evidence points towards the existence of an association between energy intake in the evening and an increased prevalence and risk of being overweight and of obesity. The present study aimed to describe diurnal eating patterns (DEP) in a nationally representative sample of UK adolescents and to relate the derived DEP to anthropometrical measures. Data from four-day food records of adolescents aged 11⁻18 years participating in the 2008⁻2012 UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS RP) was utilised.

Chronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health.

Chrono-nutrition is an emerging research field in nutritional epidemiology that encompasses 3 dimensions of eating behavior: timing, frequency, and regularity. To date, few studies have investigated how an individual's circadian typology, i.e.

Antioxidant Rich Potato Improves Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Adults.

Arterial stiffness is an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease and dietary anthocyanins may be important in mediating vascular tone. The present study investigated the effect of consumption of an anthocyanin-rich potato, Purple Majesty on arterial stiffness measured as pulse wave velocity in 14 healthy male and female adults. Participants consumed 200 g/day of cooked purple potato containing 288 mg anthocyanins, or a white potato containing negligible anthocyanins for 14 days, separated by a 7-day washout period.

Protein and Energy Intakes Are Skewed toward the Evening among Children and Adolescents in the United States: NHANES 2013-2014.

Emerging evidence suggests that the timing, amount at individual eating occasions, and distribution of protein and energy intakes throughout the day may affect health. We examined the timing, amounts, and distribution of protein and energy intakes throughout the day among participants aged 4-18 y in the United States in the context of chronobiology and nutrition. This cross-sectional analysis included 2532 participants aged 4-18 y who completed the first interviewer-administered 24-h dietary recall in NHANES 2013-2014.

Chrono-nutrition: a review of current evidence from observational studies on global trends in time-of-day of energy intake and its association with obesity.

The importance of the circadian rhythm in regulating human food intake behaviour and metabolism has long been recognised. However, little is known as to how energy intake is distributed over the day in existing populations, and its potential association with obesity. The present review describes global trends in time-of-day of energy intake in the general population based on data from cross-sectional surveys and longitudinal cohorts.

Meal irregularity and cardiometabolic consequences: results from observational and intervention studies.

Studying irregular meal patterns fits in with the latest research focusing not only on what people eat but also when they eat, also called chrono-nutrition. Chrono-nutrition involves studying the impact of nutrition on metabolism via circadian patterns, including three aspects of time: (ir)regularity, frequency and clock time. The present paper aimed to narratively review research on irregular meal patterns and cardiometabolic consequences.

Association between an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant dietary pattern and diabetes in British adults: results from the national diet and nutrition survey rolling programme years 1-4.

This study investigated the cross-sectional association between an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant dietary pattern and diabetes in the national diet and nutrition survey (NDNS) rolling programme years 1-4. A total of 1531 survey members provided dietary data. Reduced Rank Regression (RRR) was used to derive an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant dietary pattern.

Parental Perception of Weight Status: Influence on Children's Diet in the Gateshead Millennium Study.

Objective: Recognising overweight and obesity is critical to prompting action, and consequently preventing and treating obesity. The present study examined the association between parental perceptions of child weight status and child's diet.

Methods: Participants were members of the Gateshead Millennium Study.

Trends in food consumption over 30 years: evidence from a British birth cohort.

Background/objectives: As populations are ageing, more emphasis is placed on healthy ageing. Over the past decades, food consumption patterns and food availability have also changed drastically, and therefore this study aimed to describe these changes in an ageing population.

Subjects/methods: Food consumption of participants from the Medical Research Council National Survey on Health and Development, a British birth cohort study, was assessed using a 5-day estimated food records at 60-64 years (2006-11), 53 years (1999), 43 years (1989) and 36 years (1982).

Cocoa and Human Health: From Head to Foot--A Review.

The cocoa, as part of the wonderful nature, provides the mankind a wide variety of valuable food products and health benefits. The most known and universally relished product derived from this fruit is chocolate, an amazing and unique food for the human nutrition with records of consumption of similar products dating to 1000 years BC. In fact, the cocoa is a complex food that includes over 300 different components.

Biomarkers of diabetes risk in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey rolling programme (2008-2011).

This study describes the distribution of glycosylated haemoglobin (Hb(A1c)) and glucose concentrations in the combined year 1 (2008-2009), year 2 (2009-2010) and year 3 (2010-2011) of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) rolling programme. The NDNS rolling programme is a nationally representative survey of food consumption, nutrient intakes and nutritional status of people aged 1.5 years and over living in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Diurnal eating rhythms: association with long-term development of diabetes in the 1946 British birth cohort.

Background And Aims: Few studies have described the association between time-of-day of macronutrient intake and diabetes. This study examined the prospective association between time-of-day and nutrient composition of eating occasions in relation to diabetes incidence in the 1946 British birth cohort.

Methods And Results: The study included 1618 survey members who completed dietary assessment at age 43 (1989) and for whom data on glycosylated haemoglobin at age 53 years (1999) were available.

Time-of-day of energy intake: association with hypertension and blood pressure 10 years later in the 1946 British Birth Cohort.

Objectives: The role of circadian rhythm of energy and macronutrient intake in influencing cardiometabolic risk factors is increasingly recognized. However, little is known of the association between time of energy intake and blood pressure. We examined the association between time-of-day of energy intake and subsequent hypertension and change in blood pressure.

Differential effect of polyphenol-rich dark chocolate on biomarkers of glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy, overweight and obese subjects: a randomized clinical trial.

The association between excess cortisol and various parameters of metabolic syndrome including hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia is increasingly recognised. The present single-blind randomised placebo-controlled cross-over study compared the effect of polyphenol-rich dark chocolate (DC) on biomarkers of glucose metabolism, lipid profile, and blood pressure (BP) in females with BMI ≥ 25 kg m(-2) (n = 21) and females with BMI < 25 kg m(-2) (n = 21). Volunteers consumed 20 g of DC containing 500 mg polyphenols or a placebo DC with negligible polyphenol-content daily for 4 weeks, separated by a 2-week washout period.

Time-of-day and nutrient composition of eating occasions: prospective association with the metabolic syndrome in the 1946 British birth cohort.

Background: Diet is a key modifiable factor in the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome. However, few studies have examined the prospective association between time-of-day of nutrient intake and the metabolic syndrome.

Objective: To examine the association between time-of-day and nutrient composition of eating occasions and the long-term development of metabolic syndrome in the Medical Research Council (MRC) National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD; 1946 British birth cohort).

Intake of polyphenol-rich pomegranate pure juice influences urinary glucocorticoids, blood pressure and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in human volunteers.

Pomegranate juice (PJ; also known as pomegreat pure juice) provides a rich and varied source of polyphenolic compounds that may offer cardioprotective, anti-atherogenic and antihypertensive effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PJ consumption on glucocorticoids levels, blood pressure (BP) and insulin resistance in volunteers at high CVD risk. Subjects (twelve males and sixteen females) participated in a randomised, placebo-controlled cross-over study (BMI: 26·77 (sd 3·36) kg/m(2); mean age: 50·4 (sd 6·1) years).

Daily profiles of energy and nutrient intakes: are eating profiles changing over time?

Background/objectives: Associations between timing of eating occasions and their nutrient composition and health have been described in interventional and cross-sectional studies. However, data from longitudinal data are limited. This study examined 17-year changes in energy and macronutrient intake across eating occasions in the 1946 British birth cohort.