The role of resistin and adiponectin ratios with uric acid in assessing metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a growing global healthcare burden. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are more likely to acquire MetS than the general population. Recent research suggests that the interaction of adipose tissue products, such as adiponectin resistin and uric acid, is essential in MetS onset.

Impact of Forced Swimming Stress on Serum Adiponectin and Endothelin-1 Levels in Wistar Rats: Comparative Analysis of Dietary Effects.

Aim This study aimed to assess the impact of forced repeated swimming stress on serum adiponectin and endothelin-1 levels in Wistar rats, comparing the effects between those fed a standard diet and those on a high-fat diet. Methods Twenty adult male Wistar rats were divided into two dietary groups: a standard food diet group (NFD, n=10) and a high-fat diet group (HFD, n=10). Both groups underwent daily forced swimming stress for six days, with durations increasing from 5 to 30 minutes.

Adipocytokines as Predictors of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) Development in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common chronic liver condition. Due to pathophysiological processes, MASLD's relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still unclear, especially when the role of adipocytokines is taken into consideration.

Objective: This study aims to examine the potential predictive value of adiponectin and resistin for MASLD in T2DM.

Vitamin D3 attenuates oxidative stress and regulates glucose level and leukocyte count in a semi-chronic streptozotocin-induced diabetes model.

Purpose: Vitamin D3 (vit-D3) is a potent immunomodulator with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. We used streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of diabetes (DM) to evaluate the effects of vit-D3. We measured serum biochemical parameters, interleukin-17 (IL-17), osteocalcin (OC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and immune cell count on the 21st day of experiment.

Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Bosnia and Herzegovina: first report.

Introduction: Serological detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulins G (IgG) and M (IgM) antibodies is becoming increasingly important in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We report the first results of COVID-19 serological testing in Bosnia and Herzegovina on 2841 samples collected and analysed in 2 medical institutions in Sarajevo. Antibody detection was performed using commercially available kits.

Leptin is associated with disease activity but not with anthropometric indices in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Introduction: Leptin is a cytokine-like hormone which has a complex role in inflammation. However, the importance of leptin in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is far from being fully elucidated. The aim of the study was to determine serum leptin levels in RA patients and to evaluate whether there is an association between disease activity, anthropometric indices and leptin levels.

The value of gamma glutamyltransferase in predicting myocardial infarction in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Aim: To assess the utility of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in predicting troponin elevation in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Patients: The total of 119 patients were divided into troponin-positive (n = 61) and troponin-negative (n = 58) patients.

Results: CRP cut-off value ≥13.

Serum homocysteine levels in patients with probable vascular dementia.

Aim To investigate total homocysteine (tHcy) serum concentration in patients with probable vascular dementia (VD) and in agematched controls, as well as to determine an association between tHcy serum concentration and cognitive impairment in patients with probable VD. Methods Serum concentration of tHcy was determined by the Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay on the AxSYM System. Cognitive impairment was tested by the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score.

Bosnian study of APOE distribution (BOSAD): a comparison with other European populations.

Background: The ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles of APOE gene have been associated with several diseases in different populations. Data on the frequency of alleles are used in both a clinical and evolutionary context. Although the data on frequency of these alleles are numerous, there are no reports for the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Elevated Serum Leptin Level Is Associated with Body Mass Index But Not with Serum C-reactive Protein and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Values in Hemodialysis Patients.

Objectives: Aim of the present study was to investigate serum concentration of leptin and its association with values of body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 60 HD patients (34 male, 26 female) and 30 age- and sex-matched (4 males, 26 females) apparently healthy subjects. Serum leptin concentration was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Oxidative stress status in elite athletes engaged in different sport disciplines.

Exercise training may increase production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species in different ways. The training type and intensity may influence free radicals production, which leads to differences in oxidative stress status between athletes, but the results of the previous studies are incosistent. The aim of our study was to estimate oxidative stress status in elite athletes engaged in different sport disciplines.

The utility of procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide for the bone status assessment in postmenopausal women.

The utility of procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) in the management of metabolic bone diseases remains a subject of debate since the reference ranges are not rigorously established and fail to account for many of the preanalytical variables. We aimed to establish reference intervals for P1NP level in healthy and osteoporotic postmenopausal females stratified by age, body mass index and menopausal duration. We also aimed to assess the relationship between P1NP and BMD.

B-type natriuretic peptide and adiponectin releases in rat model of myocardial damage induced by isoproterenol administration.

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and adiponectin play important role in the cardiovascular homeostasis regulation. We investigated BNP and adiponectin serum levels followed by isoproterenol (ISO) administration to rats and explored the relationship between them. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) blood level was used as biochemical evidence of myocardial damage development.

The value of serum thyreoglobulin levels and whole body (I-131) scintigraphy in the follow-up of the thyroid cancer patients after thyroidectomy.

Serum thyreoglobulin (Tg) and whole body scintigraphy (I-131 WBS) have been used to detect recurrent and metastatic thyroid cancers postoperatively. However, discordant results of Tg measurement and 131I WBS have been reported. Negative 131I WBS and a positive Tg test are usually found, but less common occurrence of positive 131I WBS and a negative Tg test has also been demonstrated in a small but significant number of cases.

Connexin-dependent signaling in neuro-hormonal systems.

The advent of multicellular organisms was accompanied by the development of short- and long-range chemical signalling systems, including those provided by the nervous and endocrine systems. In turn, the cells of these two systems have developed mechanisms for interacting with both adjacent and distant cells. With evolution, such mechanisms have diversified to become integrated in a complex regulatory network, whereby individual endocrine and neuro-endocrine cells sense the state of activity of their neighbors and, accordingly, regulate their own level of functioning.

Is γ-glutamyl transferase activity a potential marker of left ventricular function during early postmyocardial infarction period?

Aim: γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is an independent prognostic marker for cardiac death and reinfarction in patients with coronary artery disease, but its clinical significance during early postmyocardial infarction period is unclear.

Patients & Methods: This short-term prospective study included 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in whom we determined GGT activity, lipids, uric acid, homocysteine (Hcy), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and left ventricular (LV) function on admission and on day 5 following AMI.

Results: In AMI patients on admission, logGGT was associated with logHcy (r = 0.

Endothelial dysfunction in uremic patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

Endothelial dysfunction is associated with diabetic micro- and macroangiopathy as well as with the decline in creatinine clearance. It has been suggested that endothelial dysfunction presents in patients (pts) on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The objective of this study was to examine the plasma biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and their association with IMT of carotid arteries in diabetic and non-diabetic patients on CAPD.

Evaluation of bone remodelling parameters after one year treatment with alendronate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Antiresorptive agents are widely used to treat osteoporosis. Both reduction in bone turnover and increase in BMD may be necessary to decrease the fracture risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of aledronate on bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Serum total antioxidant capacity in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It is characterized by loss of myelin, the fatty tissue that surrounds and protects nerve fibres allowing them to conduct electrical impulses. Recent data indicate that oxidative stress (OS) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS).

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) serum levels in rats after forced repeated swimming stress.

Aim: To estimate the effects of forced repeated swimming stress on BNP serum levels in rats.

Methods: Adult male Wistar rats weighting between 280-330 g were divided into two groups: control group (n = 8) and stress group (n = 8). Rats in the stress group were exposed to forced swimming stress daily, for 7 days.

Use of amino-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide as the parameter for long-term monitoring of water overload in patient with chronic kidney diseases.

Aim: To analyze usefulness of measurement amino-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide of (NT pro-BNP) as the one of parameters of water overload in patients with chronic kidney diseases.

Methods: A total number of 277 patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD) were followed up in the period often years between January 2000 and July 2010. Patients with creatinine clearance of 60 ml/min or less were included in the study.

Echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac function in female patients with thyroid disorders.

The aim of this study was to assess echocardiographic changes in female patients with untreated dysfunctional thyroid states and whether the therapy aimed to normalize the thyroid dysfunction could lead to improvement in cardiac systolic and diastolic function. The study included 90 female subjects who performed control of thyroid hormonal status at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine at the University of Sarajevo Clinics Centre and who previously were untreated for the thyroid functional disorders. The study sample was divided in three groups based on the thyroid hormones levels: a) hyperthyroid group (n= 30) b) hypothyroid group (n=30) and c) euthyroid (control).

The metabolic syndrome in patients on peritoneal dialysis: prevalence and influence on cardiovascular morbidity.

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a multi-factorial disorder which includes a main risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular, neurologic, renal and endocrine diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. This study has been conducted to estimate the prevalence of the MS in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and its association with cardiovascular morbidity. The study included 37 patients (25 type 2 diabetic patients and 12 non-diabetic patients), who had been on peritoneal dialysis for > 3 months.

Impact of hemoglobin concentration on plasma B-type natriuretic peptide level and left ventricle echocardiographics characteristics in chronic kidney disease patients.

Anemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contributes to cardiovascular alterations. Recent findings suggest that B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a sensitive biomarker for left ventricular dysfunction, but relationship between hemoglobin and BNP in CKD patients is unclear. Hemoglobin, plasma BNP and serum creatinine levels were measured in 49 patients with CKD (without heart failure), divided in two groups according to the hemoglobin status (cut-off point 110 g/L).

Elevated serum homocysteine level is not associated with serum C-reactive protein in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease.

Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive impairment. Studies have shown that Hcy may have direct and indirect neurotoxicity effects. The aim of the study was to investigate serum Hcy concentration in patients with probable AD with age-matched controls and to determine whether there was an association between serum Hcy and C-reactive protein concentration in patients with probable AD.