Ameliorative effect of Melatonin on 5-Fluorouracil-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent that can cause oxidative stress and complications in normal organs, including the reproductive system. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of melatonin (MEL) on 5-FU-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. Male Wistar rats weighing 180 ± 20 g were divided into five groups: control, 5-FU (50 mg/kg), 5-FU + MEL (2.

Therapeutic benefit of melatonin in 5-fluorouracil-induced renal and hepatic injury.

Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity include increased oxidative stress and apoptosis; as a result, liver and kidney damage are related to its pathogenesis. These are significant side effects caused in cancer patients treated with 5-FU. In the research, 25 rats were divided into five groups, including control, 5-FU and 5-FU + 2.

Fabrication and in vitro study of 3D novel porous hydroxyapatite/polyether ether ketone surface nanocomposite.

The unique characteristics of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) including low elastic modulus, high mechanical strength, and biocompatibility have made it an attractive alternative for the metallic biomaterials. However, its bioinert property is always the main concern, which could lead to poor osseointegration and subsequent clinical failure of the implant. Changing the surface structure to porous structure and mixing it with bioactive hydroxyapatite (HA) are the common methods, which could be used to enhance the properties of the PEEK-based implants.

Fabrication of a novel hydroxyapatite/polyether ether ketone surface nanocomposite via friction stir processing for orthopedic and dental applications.

There is increasing interest in the use of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) for orthopedic and dental implant applications due to its elastic modulus (close to that of bone), biocompatibility and radiolucent properties. However, PEEK is still categorized as bioinert owing to its low integration with surrounding tissues. Methods such as depositing hydroxyapatite (HA) onto the PEEK surface could increase its bioactivity.

Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties of Hydroxyapatite/Sulphonated Poly Ether Ether Ketone Treated Layer for Orthopaedic and Dental Implant Application.

The mechanical properties of coated layers are one of the important factors for the long-term success of orthopeadic and dental implants. In this study, the mechanical properties of the porous coated layer were examined via scratch and nanoindentation tests. The effect of compression load on the porous coated layer of sulphonated poly ether ether ketone/Hydroxyapatite was studied to determine whether it changes its mechanical properties.

Topography, wetting, and corrosion responses of electrodeposited hydroxyapatite and fluoridated hydroxyapatite on magnesium.

In this study, different types of calcium-phosphate phases were coated on NaOH pre-treated pure magnesium. The coating was applied by electrodeposition method in order to provide higher corrosion resistance and improve biocompatibility for magnesium. Thickness, surface morphology and topography of the coatings were analyzed using optical, scanning electron and atomic-force microscopies, respectively.

Preparation Methods for Improving PEEK's Bioactivity for Orthopedic and Dental Application: A Review.

There is an increased interest in the use of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) for orthopedic and dental implant applications due to its elastic modulus close to that of bone, biocompatibility, and its radiolucent properties. However, PEEK is still categorized as bioinert due to its low integration with surrounding tissues. Many studies have reported on methods to increase the bioactivity of PEEK, but there is still one-preparation method for preparing bioactive PEEK implant where the produced implant with desirable mechanical and bioactivity properties is required.

Functionally graded polymeric materials: A brif review of current fabrication methods and introduction of a novel fabrication method.

The present work reviews the current fabrication methods of the functionally graded polymeric material (FGPM) and introduces a novel fabrication method that is versatile in applications as compared to those of existing used methods. For the first time electrophoresis was used to control the distribution of the tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) in a film made of polylactic acid (PLA), aiming to induce antimicrobial effect on the film prepared. The elemental analysis on the film surface showed that by employing electrophoresis force, higher amount of TC was detected near the top surface of the film.

In vitro evaluation of bioactivity of chemically deposited hydroxyapatite on polyether ether ketone.

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is considered the best alternative material for titanium for spinal fusion cage implants due to its low elasticity modulus and radiolucent property. The main problem of PEEK is its bioinert properties. Coating with hydroxyapatite (HA) showed very good improvement in bioactivity of the PEEK implants.

The impact of intermediate-term alcohol abstinence on memory retrieval and suppression.

Background: The nature of episodic memory deficit in intermediate-term abstinence from alcohol in alcohol dependence (AD) is not yet clarified. Deficits in inhibitory control are commonly reported in substance use disorders. However, much less is known about cognitive control suppressing interference from memory.

Polystyrene-supported diarylprolinol ethers as highly efficient organocatalysts for Michael-type reactions.

α,α-Diphenylprolinol methyl- and trimethylsilyl ethers anchored onto a polystyrene resin have been prepared by a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloadditions (CuAAC). The catalytic activity and enantioselectivity displayed by the O-trimethylsilyl derivative are comparable to those exhibited by the best known homogeneous catalysts for the addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins and of malonates or nitromethane to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. The combination of the catalytic unit, the triazole linker, and the polymeric matrix provides unprecedented substrate selectivity, in favor of linear, short-chain aldehydes, when the organocatalyzed reaction proceeds by an enamine mechanism.

Chiral 2-aminobenzimidazoles as recoverable organocatalysts for the addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to nitroalkenes.

Chiral trans-cyclohexanediamine-benzimidazole organocatalysts promote the conjugate addition of a wide variety of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds such as malonates, ketoesters, and 1,3-diketones to nitroolefins in the presence of TFA as cocatalyst in toluene as solvent at rt or 0 degrees C. The Michael adducts are obtained in high yield and enantioselectivity, using the chiral 2-aminobenzimidazole 7b as hydrogen-bond-mediated chiral organocatalyst. This catalyst can be recovered by acid-base extractive workup in 94% yield.