Opinions of paediatricians who teach neonatal resuscitation about resuscitation practices on extremely preterm infants in the delivery room.

Objective: To describe the opinions of paediatricians who teach resuscitation in Brazil regarding resuscitation practices in the delivery room (DR) of preterm infants with gestational ages of 23-26 weeks.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with an internationally validated electronic questionnaire (December 2011-September 2013) sent to the instructors of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program of the Brazilian Society of Paediatrics on parental counselling practices, medical limits for resuscitation of extremely preterm infants and medical considerations for decision-making in this group of infants. The analysis was descriptive.

Barriers to neonatal care in developing countries: parents' and providers' perceptions.

Aim: Hospital care and advanced medical technologies for sick neonates are increasingly available, but not always readily accessible, in many countries. We characterised parents' and providers' perceptions of barriers to neonatal care in developing countries.

Methods: We interviewed parents whose infant was hospitalised within the first month of life in Cambodia, Malaysia, Laos and Vietnam, asking about perceived barriers to obtaining newborn care.

Resuscitation of likely nonviable infants: a cost-utility analysis after the Born-Alive Infant Protection Act.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of universal vs selective resuscitation on maternal utilities, perinatal costs, and outcomes of preterm delivery and termination of pregnancy at 20-23 weeks 6 days' gestation.

Study Design: We used studies on medical practices, prematurity outcomes, costs, and maternal utilities to construct decision-analytic models for a cohort of annual US deliveries after preterm delivery or induced termination. Outcome measures were (1) the numbers of infants who survived intact or with mild, moderate, or severe sequelae; (2) maternal quality-adjusted life years (QALYs); and (3) incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.

Resuscitation of likely nonviable newborns: would neonatology practices in California change if the Born-Alive Infants Protection Act were enforced?

Background: The effects of the Born-Alive Infants Protection Act of 2002, which defines the legal status of live-born infants have not been evaluated.

Objective: To study neonatologists' perceptions and the potential effects of the Born-Alive Infants Protection Act and subsequent Department of Health and Human Services enforcement guidelines on resuscitation and comfort care for infants born at 20 to 24 weeks' gestation.

Methods: From August 2005 to November 2005, we mailed surveys to all 354 neonatologists practicing in California.

International comparison of care for very low birth weight infants: parents' perceptions of counseling and decision-making.

Objective: To characterize parent perceptions and satisfaction with physician counseling and delivery-room resuscitation of very low birth weight infants in countries with neonatal intensive care capacity.

Study Design: Convenience sample of 327 parents of 379 inborn very low birth weight infants (<1501 g) who had received resuscitation and neonatal intensive care in 9 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in 6 Pacific Rim countries and in 2 California hospitals. The sample comprised mostly parents whose infants survived, because in some centers interviews of parents of nonsurviving infants were culturally inappropriate.

Physician counselling practices and decision-making for extremely preterm infants in the Pacific Rim.

Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate physician counselling practices and resuscitation decisions for extremely preterm infants in countries of the Pacific Rim. We sought to determine the degree to which physician beliefs, parents' opinion and medical resources influence decision-making for infants at the margin of viability.

Methods: A survey was administered to neonatologists and paediatricians who attend deliveries of preterm infants in Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, Taiwan and Singapore.

Intensive care for very low birthweight infants in South Africa: a survey of physician attitudes, parent counseling and resuscitation practices.

Improving outcomes have promoted utilization of intensive care for premature infants in developing countries with available fiscal and technological resources. Physician counseling and decision-making have not been characterized where economic restrictions, governmental guidelines, and physician cultural attitudes may influence decisions about the appropriateness of neonatal intensive care. A cross-sectional survey of all neonatologists and pediatricians providing neonatal care in public and private hospitals in South Africa (n=394) was carried out.

Parental perception of neonatal intensive care in public sector hospitals in South Africa.

Background: Little is known about parental experience and decision making with regard to premature infants requiring intensive care in developing countries. We undertook this study to characterise parents' experience of physician counselling and their role in making life-support decisions for very low-birth-weight (VLBW) (birth weight < 1 501 g) infants born in South Africa's public-sector neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Methods: Parents of surviving VLBW infants treated in three Johannesburg-area public hospitals and attending follow-up clinics in August 2001 were interviewed regarding their experience of perinatal counselling on outcomes (pain, survival, disability), perception of actual and optimal decision making, and satisfaction with NICU communication.

Pain during Mogen or PlastiBell circumcision.

Unlabelled: Routine neonatal circumcision can be a painful procedure. Although analgesia for circumcision has been studied extensively, there are few studies comparing which surgical technique may be associated with the least pain and discomfort when carried out by pediatric trainees.

Objective: We studied two commonly used techniques for circumcision to determine which was associated with less pain and discomfort.