Plasma proenkephalin A and incident chronic kidney disease and albuminuria in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort.

Background: Plasma proenkephalin A (PENK-A) is a precursor of active enkephalins. Higher blood concentrations have been associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline in European populations. Due to the significant disparity in incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) between White and Black people, we evaluated the association of PENK-A with incident CKD and other kidney outcomes among a biracial cohort in the U.

Markers of Kidney Tubule Dysfunction and Major Adverse Kidney Events.

Background: Serum creatinine and albuminuria are primary markers of glomerular function and injury, respectively. Tubular secretion, acid-base homeostasis, protein reabsorption, among other tubular functions, are largely ignored. This mini-review aimed to discuss how two tubular functions, secretion, and acid-base homeostasis are associated with major adverse kidney events (MAKEs).

Resource Utilization During Elective Robotic-Assisted Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Objective: Robotic percutaneous coronary intervention (R-PCI) results in comparable outcomes to manual PCI in the treatment of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). The objective of this study is to evaluate the cost and resource utilization of R-PCI compared with manual PCI.

Methods: Consecutive patients with CAD undergoing elective R-PCI or manual PCI over an 18-month period by a single operator were included.