Repeatability of tear film lipid layer interferometry measurements: A randomized, crossover study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess intrasession repeatability, diurnal intravisit and day-to-day intervisit reproducibility of qualitative tear film lipid layer interferometry grading obtained from the Keratograph 5M (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), and automated quantitative layer thickness measurements obtained from the TearScience LipiView II Ocular Surface Interferometer (Johnson & Johnson Vision, Milpitas, CA), in community residents, not stratified by dry eye or blepharitis status.

Methods: Forty community residents (24 women, 16 men; age mean ± standard deviation, 36 ± 14 years) were recruited in an investigator-masked, randomized, crossover study. Participants attended two sessions 6 hours apart on the same day and a third session on a separate day.

Blink completeness and rate in dry eye disease: An investigator-masked, prospective registry-based, cross-sectional, prognostic study.

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic ability of blink rate and the proportion of incomplete blinking to predict dry eye disease diagnosis, as defined by the TFOS DEWS II criteria.

Methods: A total of 453 community residents (282 females, 171 males; mean ± SD age, 37 ± 19 years) were recruited in an investigator-masked, prospective registry-based, cross-sectional, prognostic study. Dry eye symptomology, tear film quality, and ocular surface characteristics were assessed in a single clinical session, and blink parameters evaluated by an independent masked observer.

Discriminative performance of ocular surface staining and lid wiper epitheliopathy in dry eye disease: An investigator-masked, prospective registry-based, diagnostic accuracy study.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of corneal and conjunctival staining, and lid wiper epitheliopathy (LWE) in detecting dry eye disease, as defined by the global consensus Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society Dry Eye Workshop II (TFOS DEWS II) criteria.

Methods: A total of 2066 community residents (1285 females; mean ± SD age, 40 ± 19 years) were recruited in an investigator-masked, prospective registry-based, diagnostic accuracy study. Dry eye symptomology and ocular surface parameters were assessed in a single clinical session.

Predictive performance of corneal and lid margin sensitivity for dry eye disease: An investigator-masked, prospective, prognostic accuracy study.

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic ability of non-contact esthesiometry corneal and lid margin sensitivity measurements in detecting symptoms and signs of dry eye disease, as defined by the global consensus TFOS DEWS II criteria.

Methods: A total of 87 community residents (58 females; mean ± SD age, 53 ± 16 years) were recruited in an investigator-masked, prospective, prognostic accuracy study. Dry eye symptomology, tear film parameters, and ocular surface characteristics were evaluated in a single clinical session, and non-contact esthesiometry corneal and lid margin sensitivity measurements performed by an independent masked assessor.

Developing evidence-based guidance for the treatment of dry eye disease with artificial tear supplements: A six-month multicentre, double-masked randomised controlled trial.

Purpose: To assess the six-month therapeutic profiles of lipid and non-lipid-based artificial tear supplements in managing dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: Ninety-nine participants fulfilling the TFOS DEWS II diagnostic criteria for DED (64% females; mean ± SD age, 44 ± 16 years) were enrolled in a prospective, multicentre, double-masked, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. Participants instilled lipid-based nanoemulsion drops or non-lipid-based aqueous drops for six months, at least four times daily.

Randomised double-masked placebo-controlled trial of the cumulative treatment efficacy profile of intense pulsed light therapy for meibomian gland dysfunction.

Purpose: To assess long-term cumulative treatment effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Methods: Eighty-seven symptomatic participants (58 female, mean ± SD age, 53 ± 16 years) with clinical signs of MGD were enrolled in a prospective, double-masked, parallel-group, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomised to receive either four or five homogeneously sequenced light pulses or placebo treatment to both eyes, (E-Eye Intense Regulated Pulsed Light, E-Swin, France).

Screening utility of a rapid non-invasive dry eye assessment algorithm.

Purpose: To evaluate the discriminative ability of a rapid non-invasive dry eye assessment algorithm (global evaluation component: SANDE questionnaire, and non-invasive tear film breakup time; subtype classification testing component: tear film lipid layer grade, and tear meniscus height) in detecting dry eye disease, as defined by the TFOS DEWS II diagnostic criteria.

Methods: Two hundred and thirty-five participants (77 male, 158 female), with a mean ± SD age of 43 ± 17 years, were recruited into a prospective diagnostic accuracy study. OSDI, DEQ-5, and SANDE dry eye symptomology scores; non-invasive tear film breakup time; absolute and inter-ocular differences in tear osmolarity; corneal, conjunctival, and lid margin staining scores; tear film lipid layer, meibum expressibility, meibomian gland orifice plugging, and eyelid margin telangiectasia grades; and tear meniscus height were evaluated in a single clinical session.

Comparative Evaluation of 5 Validated Symptom Questionnaires as Screening Instruments for Dry Eye Disease.

This study compares scores on 5 validated symptom questionnaires with results of clinical testing to assess the diagnostic accuracy of each questionnaire in identifying patients with dry eye disease.

Ethnic differences between the Asian and Caucasian ocular surface: A co-located adult migrant population cohort study.

Purpose: To investigate the ethnic differences in tear film quality, ocular surface parameters, and dry eye symptomology between co-located Asian and Caucasian populations.

Methods: Two hundred and six participants (103 East Asian and 103 Caucasian) were recruited in an age and gender-matched cross-sectional study. Dry eye symptomology, ocular surface parameters, and tear film quality were evaluated for each participant within a single clinical session.

In vitro anti-demodectic effects and terpinen-4-ol content of commercial eyelid cleansers.

Purpose: To compare the in vitro anti-demodectic activity of four commercially available dedicated eyelid cleansers (Cliradex towelette cleanser, Oust™ Demodex cleanser, Blephadex™ eyelid foam, TheraTears SteriLid eyelid cleanser), tea tree oil, undiluted terpinen-4-ol and linalool; and to assess the terpinen-4-ol content of the commercial cleansers and tea tree oil.

Methods: In vitro anti-demodectic efficacy assessment: 93 viable Demodex mites were acquired from the epilated eyelashes of 10 participants, and were randomised to application with one of the four eyelid cleansers, 100% and 50% tea tree oil, undiluted terpinen-4-ol and linalool, or no treatment. Following treatment application, mite viability was assessed for 300 min, based on limb/body movement and/or the development of a crenated/translucent appearance.

A comparison of the self-reported dry eye practices of New Zealand optometrists and ophthalmologists.

Purpose: The aim of this cross-sectional survey was to evaluate the self-reported clinical practices of New Zealand optometrists and ophthalmologists with respect to the diagnosis and management of dry eye disease. It also sought to compare these behaviours with the current research evidence base.

Methods: An anonymous survey was distributed electronically to New Zealand eye care clinicians (optometrists n = 614, ophthalmologists n = 113) to determine practitioner interest in dry eye disease, practice experience, practice modality, preferred diagnostic and management strategies, and information used to guide patient care.