Prospective evaluation of interrater agreement between EEG technologists and neurophysiologists.

We aim to prospectively investigate, in a large and heterogeneous population, the electroencephalogram (EEG)-reading performances of EEG technologists. A total of 8 EEG technologists and 5 certified neurophysiologists independently analyzed 20-min EEG recordings. Interrater agreement (IRA) for predefined EEG pattern identification between EEG technologists and neurophysiologits was assessed using percentage of agreement (PA) and Gwet-AC1.

[Use of synthetic slings and mesh implants in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence and prolapse : Statement of the Working Group on Urological Functional Diagnostics and Female Urology of the Academy of the German Society of Urology].

Due to a safety alert issued by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2011 for transvaginal mesh implants to treat female prolapse as a result of numerous reports of complications such as infection, chronic pain, dyspareunia, vaginal erosion, shrinkage and erosion into other organs nearly all industrial products have been withdrawn from the market in the meantime. The United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand extended warnings and prohibitions even on the implantation of midurethral slings (TVT, TOT). In view of these current international controversies regarding the use of implanted materials for the treatment of stress incontinence and prolapse and the lack of clear guidelines for the use of biomaterials, the opinion of the Working Group on Urological Functional Diagnostics and Female Urology should provide clarity.

What was hot at ICS 2016?

The 46th annual conference of the International Continence Society was held in Tokyo, Japan, between September 13th and 16th, 2016. In this article, we present selected highlights of the broad range of excellent research presented by colleagues from around the world from a variety of areas of continence research, from cellular models to population-based epidemiological studies.

Botryoid-type of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of renal pelvis in a young woman.

A 22-year-old woman presented with three weeks history of intermittent left loin pain, on radiological evaluation by U\S and MRI revealed left renal pelvic mass, ureterorenoscopy and biopsy taken, but couldn't reveal definitive diagnosis other than presence of a malignant process. Left nephroureterctomy was performed. Grossly there is a polypoid mass attached to the upper pole of the kidney by stalk.

Ejaculation-preserving transurethral resection of prostate and bladder neck: short- and long-term results of a new innovative resection technique.

Introduction: Loss of antegrade ejaculation is a risk with conventional resection of the prostate (transurethral resection of the prostate [TURP]). The aim of this study was to determine the short- and long-term preservation of antegrade ejaculation and functional results with the novel ejaculation-preserving TURP (epTURP).

Patients And Methods: Prospective evaluation of 89 consecutive patients with bladder outlet obstructions aged 27 to 78 years, enrolled from June 2001 to January 2005.

Cost effective laparoendoscopic single-site surgery with a reusable platform.

Background And Objectives: Many disposable platforms have been applied in laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS). Besides technical issues, cost is one of the limiting factors for its widespread acceptance. The current study describes the first completely reusable LESS-platform.

Influence of body mass index, surgical approach and lymphadenectomy on the development of symptomatic lymphoceles after radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: Identification of factors influencing lymphocele formation requiring intervention after radical prostatectomy.

Methods: 302 patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP, n = 174) or transperitoneal robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP, n = 128) by the same surgeon were retrospectively reviewed. Incidence of symptomatic lymphoceles (SLC) was compared with clinical and pathological data (contingency analyses, Wilcoxon-Kruskal-Wallis test).

Prospective evaluation of a hydrogel spacer for rectal separation in dose-escalated intensity-modulated radiotherapy for clinically localized prostate cancer.

Background: As dose-escalation in prostate cancer radiotherapy improves cure rates, a major concern is rectal toxicity. We prospectively assessed an innovative approach of hydrogel injection between prostate and rectum to reduce the radiation dose to the rectum and thus side effects in dose-escalated prostate radiotherapy.

Methods: Acute toxicity and planning parameters were prospectively evaluated in patients with T1-2 N0 M0 prostate cancer receiving dose-escalated radiotherapy after injection of a hydrogel spacer.

[Primary monosymptomatic enuresis: diagnostics and therapy].

Nocturnal enuresis is one of the most common problems in childhood. In this article a standardized terminology for basic diagnostics additionally to extended diagnostics will be presented. Depending on the findings a specialized therapy can be performed.

Endoscopic inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy--extended follow-up.

Background And Purpose: Inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy (IFLA) is a standard procedure for cancer of the external genitalia. Open lymphadenectomy (O-IFLA) exhibits complication rates of more than 50%. We are demonstrating our extended experience with a modified endoscopic approach (E-IFLA) for groin lymphadenectomy.

[Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery in urology using reusable systems].

Purpose: Many disposable platforms have been available for laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) for a long time. Besides technical challenges cost remains the limiting factor for the widespread use of LESS. We present our experiences with the first completely reusable LESS platform.

Upper urinary tract laparoendoscopic single-site surgery based on a novel cost-effective reusable platform.

Background And Purpose: Several disposable platforms have been introduced for laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgery. Besides technical issues, cost is one of the main limiting factors for their widespread use. We present our experience with LESS surgery for kidney pathologies using the first completely reusable LESS platform.

Evidence for PTEN-independent Akt activation and Akt-independent p27(Kip1) expression in advanced bladder cancer.

In the treatment of advanced bladder cancer (BC), attention has recently focused on small molecule therapy concerning EGFR and the downstream Akt signalling pathway. Cellular deregulation processes are poorly understood, and biological determinants for the selection of therapy and monitoring are currently not available. The proteins PTEN, p-Akt and p27(Kip1) are suggested to be potentially significant biomarkers of Akt signalling.

Videourodynamic changes of botulinum toxin A in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NBD) and idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) refractory to drug treatment.

Purpose: To document the videourodynamic changes and the efficacy and safety profile of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A, Dysport(®)) in neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NBD) including neurogenic detrusor overactivity, low-compliance and break-low-compliance and idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO), in patients refractory to drug treatment.

Methods: Sixty-four patients with NBD and 170 patients with IDO were treated between 2002 and 2007. Diagnostic approach included medical history, bladder diary, standardised questionnaire rating quality of life, sonography, videourodynamic and temporary sacral nerve block.

Urethral ultrasound as a screening tool for stricture recurrence after oral mucosa graft urethroplasty.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of sonourethrography (SUG) in combination with voiding pattern analysis to determine success after oral mucosa graft (OMG) urethroplasty. OMG urethroplasty is a standard treatment for men with recurrent urethral stricture. Because of its performance, the optimum follow-up algorithm remains controversial.

All reovirus subtypes show oncolytic potential in primary cells of human high-grade glioma.

Reoviridae are non-human pathogenic viruses. The family of reoviridae consists of 4 different subtypes. Many studies have proven that the Dearing subtype 3 has oncolytic potential.

[The importance of lymphadenectomy for muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the human bladder - a review of the literature].

Introduction: The extent of the lymphadenectomy (LAE) as well as the appearance of lymph node metastasis are important prognostic factors in the treatment of the muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCC). However there is still the need to discuss the dimension of the LAE.

Material And Methods: Pubmed was searched with regard to guidelines for the treatment of muscle invasive TCC.

Long-term results after endoscopic VUR-treatment using dextranomer / hyaluronic acid copolymer - 5-year experience in a single-center.

Background: A number of bulking agents have been used for the endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux in children. We present our long-term results of endoscopic use of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Deflux(®)) for VUR treatment in children.

Patients And Methods: Between 2004 and 2008, 21 children underwent endoscopic subureteral injection of Deflux(®) in 30 ureters as an outpatient procedure.

Long-term biochemical evaluation of the androgen receptor pathway in males with disorders of sex development.

Purpose: Disorders of sex (DSD) development represent a serious condition. Most of the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Disturbances within the androgen receptor (AR) pathway frequently account for 46 XY-DSDs.

Desmopressin treatment regimens in monosymptomatic and nonmonosymptomatic enuresis: A review from a clinical perspective.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes of desmopressin treatment in monosymptomatic enuresis (ME) and nonmonosymptomatic enuresis (NME).

Materials And Methods: PubMed was searched for all studies investigating enuresis, up to July 2009, in which desmopressin was administered alone or combined with other treatments. Each study was graded according to its respective level of evidence.

Objective long-term evaluation after distal hypospadias repair using the meatal mobilization technique.

Objective: Meatal mobilization (MEMO) by distal urethral preparation has been demonstrated to be an efficient surgical technique for the correction of distal hypospadias offering excellent short-term success rates. This study objectively evaluates individual patient satisfaction using a validated score in the long term.

Material And Methods: A total of 218 patients who underwent hypospadias repair using the MEMO technique was identified.

Dorsal onlay skin graft urethroplasty in patients older than 65 years.

Objectives: Single-stage dorsal onlay graft urethroplasty is effective for anterior urethral reconstruction. Despite an aging population, the results of this technique in elderly patients have not yet been explicitly reported. We present our experience with dorsal onlay graft urethroplasty in this cohort.

Anterior urethral reconstruction using the circular fasciocutaneous flap technique: long-term follow-up.

Purpose: The circular fasciocutaneous skin flap technique (FCF) yields excellent short-term results for complex anterior urethral reconstruction. We performed an observational retrospective and descriptive study to report our long-term experience.

Methods: A total of 36 adults with anterior urethral strictures (AUS) exceeding 3 cm underwent single-stage urethroplasty using the FCF.