Cross-cultural evaluation of learning and memory using a consonant-vowel-consonant trigram list.

Objective: Word list-learning tasks are commonly used to evaluate auditory-verbal learning and memory. However, different frequencies of word usage, subtle meaning nuances, unique word phonology, and different preexisting associations among words make translation across languages difficult. We administered lists of consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) nonword trigrams to independent American and Italian young adult samples.

Metacognition in Community-Dwelling Older Black and African American Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Cognitive assessment of older adults typically includes symptom reports and objective evaluations. However, there is often poor agreement between these measures. Cultural norms, stress, and anxiety may also influence cognitive self-appraisal and performance.

Construct validation of NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery premorbid cognitive functioning scores in Black and White older Americans with and without mild cognitive impairment.

Objective: Valid estimates of premorbid cognitive functioning (PMIQ) are crucial for the assessment of older adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease. We investigated the relationship between the NIH Toolbox-Cognition Battery's (NIHTB-CB) Oral Reading Recognition (ORR) subtest and Wechsler Test of Adult Reading scores (WTAR, convergent validity). We also compared ORR to NIHTB-CB Flanker scores, where null relationships were expected (discriminant validity).

Hypertension and cognition are minimally associated in late life.

Hypertension impacts approximately 65% of persons over 60 years of age. Although previous studies have proposed an association between mid-life hypertension and late-life cognition, reports of associations between late-life hypertension and cognition have been mixed in the direction and magnitude of the observed associations and in the cognitive domains that may be affected. This study contrasted older adults with and without self-reported hypertension at two time points in late life (M = 64.

Postdischarge Recovery after Acute Pediatric Lung Disease Can Be Quantified with Digital Biomarkers.

Background: Pediatric patients admitted for acute lung disease are treated and monitored in the hospital, after which full recovery is achieved at home. Many studies report in-hospital recovery, but little is known regarding the time to full recovery after hospital discharge. Technological innovations have led to increased interest in home-monitoring and digital biomarkers.

Metabolic syndrome is negatively associated with cognition among endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)- 786C carriers in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

Although metabolic syndrome and cognitive inefficiencies are well-described common complications of schizophrenia, their association remains inconsistent, potentially due to poorly understood mechanisms underlying their relationship. Variability in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene, specifically the T-786C variant, has been separately associated with cognition and metabolic syndrome, with worse outcomes for eNOS-786C carriers likely occurring via negative effects on blood vessel functioning. However, the interaction between eNOS and metabolic syndrome in cognition among adults with schizophrenia is unknown.