Dose-dependent effects of transcranial photobiomodulation on brain temperature in patients with major depressive disorder: a spectroscopy study.

This study aimed to evaluate the dose-dependent brain temperature effects of transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM). Thirty adult subjects with major depressive disorder were randomized to three t-PBM sessions with different doses (low: 50 mW/cm, medium: 300 mW/cm, high: 850 mW/cm) and a sham treatment. The low and medium doses were administered in continuous wave mode, while the high dose was administered in pulsed wave mode.