Supporting cardiomyopathy screening behavior in adult survivors of childhood cancer: an eHealth motivational interviewing-framed pilot intervention.

Purpose: The Healthy Hearts pilot study evaluated the effect of an eHealth motivational interviewing-framed intervention on cardiomyopathy screening-related knowledge, health beliefs, intrinsic motivation, and behavioral action steps among adult survivors of childhood cancer.

Methods: We consented N = 73 survivors to participate in a single-arm pilot study. Participants completed an online baseline survey (n = 68) assessing knowledge, health beliefs, and intrinsic motivation related to cancer therapy-induced cardiomyopathy and screening echocardiograms.

The Professional Identity of STEM Faculty as Instructors of Course-based Research Experiences.

The professional identity of scientists has historically been cultivated to value research over teaching, which can undermine initiatives that aim to reform science education. Course-Based Research Experiences (CRE) and the inclusive Research and Education Communities (iREC) are two successful and impactful reform efforts that integrate research and teaching. The aim of this study is to explicate the professional identity of instructors who implement a CRE within an established iREC and to explore how this identity contributes to the success of these programs.

The prognostic effect of mechanical, ultrastructural, and ECM signatures in glioblastoma core and rim.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive, aggressive brain cancer that carries a median survival of 15 months and is resistant to standard therapeutics. Recent studies have demonstrated that intratumoral heterogeneity plays a critical role in promoting resistance by mediating tumor adaptation through microenvironmental cues. GBM can be separated into two distinct regions-a core and a rim, which are thought to drive specific aspects of tumor evolution.

A framework for understanding climate change impacts through non-compensatory intra- and interspecific climate change responses.

Understanding and predicting population responses to climate change is a crucial challenge. A key component of population responses to climate change are cases in which focal biological rates (e.g.

Translating a motivational interviewing intervention for childhood cancer survivors into an eHealth tool: A user-centered design process.

Childhood cancer survivors have a higher risk of developing cardiomyopathy than members of the general population. Screening echocardiograms can facilitate early detection and treatment of cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, motivational interviewing can increase uptake of cardiac screening.

Complete genome sequences of mycobacteriophages Ageofdapage, Aubs, BABullseye, CheetoDust, ShaboiShabazz, and TomBrady.

We report genome sequences of six mycobacteriophages. Each virus was isolated from a soil sample and belongs to the siphovirus morphology. Genomes are 41,901-60,613 bp in length, contain between 62 and 103 protein-coding genes, with up to 40% of those genes having a predicted function.

Biomechanical stimulation promotes blood vessel growth despite VEGFR-2 inhibition.

Background: Angiogenesis, or the growth of new vasculature from existing blood vessels, is widely considered a primary hallmark of cancer progression. When a tumor is small, diffusion is sufficient to receive essential nutrients; however, as the tumor grows, a vascular supply is needed to deliver oxygen and nutrients into the increasing mass. Several anti-angiogenic cancer therapies target VEGF and the receptor VEGFR-2, which are major promoters of blood vessel development.

Neural circuit selective for fast but not slow dopamine increases in drug reward.

The faster a drug enters the brain, the greater its addictive potential, yet the brain circuits underlying the rate dependency to drug reward remain unresolved. With simultaneous PET-fMRI we linked dynamics of dopamine signaling, brain activity/connectivity, and self-reported 'high' in 20 adults receiving methylphenidate orally (results in slow delivery) and intravenously (results in fast delivery) (trial NCT03326245). We estimated speed of striatal dopamine increases to oral and IV methylphenidate and then tested where brain activity was associated with slow and fast dopamine dynamics (primary endpoint).

Acorn woodpecker movements and social networks change with wildfire smoke.

Climate change has contributed to increased wildfires. Wildfire smoke exposes wildlife to hazards and mortality from particulate matter on a scale larger than the area impacted by fire. Using automated radiotelemetry, we illustrate how smoky conditions are associated with changes in behavior of acorn woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus), a flagship species of oak (Quercus spp.

20 kDa isoform of connexin-43 augments spatial reorganization of the brain endothelial junctional complex and lesion leakage in cerebral cavernous malformation type-3.

Cerebral cavernous malformation type-3 (CCM3) is a type of brain vascular malformation caused by mutations in programmed cell death protein-10 (PDCD10). It is characterized by early life occurrence of hemorrhagic stroke and profound blood-brain barrier defects. The pathogenic mechanisms responsible for microvascular hyperpermeability and lesion progression in CCM3 are still largely unknown.

UPDOs Protective Styles, a Multilevel Intervention to Improve Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Black Cisgender Women: Pretest-Posttest Evaluation.

In the United States, Black cisgender women account for one in five new HIV infections with Black Americans, accounting for 57% of new diagnoses in the South. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is 99% effective at preventing HIV. Still, Black women's uptake remains at 2% due to multiple documented barriers, including lack of awareness and knowledge, mistrust, stigma, and low perceived risk.

Ecogeography of group size suggests differences in drivers of sociality among cooperatively breeding fairywrens.

Cooperatively breeding species exhibit a range of social behaviours associated with different costs and benefits to group living, often in association with different environmental conditions. For example, recent phylogenetic studies have collectively shown that the evolution and distribution of cooperative breeding behaviour is related to the environment. However, little is known about how environmental variation may drive differences in social systems across populations within species, and how the relationship between environmental conditions and sociality may differ across species.

Evidence of a Set of Core-Function Genes in 16 Bacillus Podoviral Genomes with Considerable Genomic Diversity.

Bacteriophage genomes represent an enormous level of genetic diversity and provide considerable potential to acquire new insights about viral genome evolution. In this study, the genome sequences of sixteen -infecting bacteriophages were explored through comparative genomics approaches to reveal shared and unique characteristics. These bacteriophages are in the family with small (18,548-27,206 bp) double-stranded DNA genomes encoding 25-46 predicted open reading frames.

Models of Classroom Assessment for Course-Based Research Experiences.

Course-based research pedagogy involves positioning students as contributors to authentic research projects as part of an engaging educational experience that promotes their learning and persistence in science. To develop a model for assessing and grading students engaged in this type of learning experience, the assessment aims and practices of a community of experienced course-based research instructors were collected and analyzed. This approach defines four aims of course-based research assessment - 1) Assessing Laboratory Work and Scientific Thinking; 2) Evaluating Mastery of Concepts, Quantitative Thinking and Skills; 3) Appraising Forms of Scientific Communication; and 4) Metacognition of Learning - along with a set of practices for each aim.

Striatal D1 and D2 receptor availability are selectively associated with eye-blink rates after methylphenidate treatment.

Eye-blink rate has been proposed as a biomarker of the brain dopamine system, however, findings have not been consistent. This study assessed the relationship between blink rates, measured after oral placebo) (PL) and after a challenge with oral methylphenidate (MP; 60 mg) and striatal D1 receptor (D1R) (measured at baseline) and D2 receptor (D2R) availability (measured after PL and after MP) in healthy participants. PET measures of baseline D1R ([C]NNC112) (BL-D1R) and D2R availability ([C]raclopride) after PL (PL-D2R) and after MP (MP-D2R) were quantified in the striatum as non-displaceable binding potential.

Using PrEP and Doing it for Ourselves (UPDOs Protective Styles), a Web-Based Salon Intervention to Improve Uptake of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Among Black Women: Protocol for a Pilot Feasibility Study.

Background: Multilevel interventions are necessary to address the complex social contributors to health that limit pre-exposure prophylaxis use among Black women, including medical distrust, pre-exposure prophylaxis stigma, and access to equitable health care. Strategies to improve knowledge, awareness, and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis among Black women will be more successful if information-sharing and implementation take place within trusted environments. Providing women with information through trusted cultural and social channels can effectively support informed decision-making about pre-exposure prophylaxis for themselves and members of their social networks who are eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Biodiversity and Distribution of in the Southeastern USA.

subterranean termites are widely distributed ecosystem engineers and structural pests, yet describing their species distribution worldwide or regionally has been hindered by taxonomic uncertainties. Morphological plasticity confounds the use of taxonomic keys, while recent species descriptions and molecular techniques lacking taxonomic support have caused a muddle in interpreting the literature on species distributions. We employed an integrative taxonomic approach combining behavioral, morphological, and molecular techniques to identify 4371 samples to species.

Sex differences in weight gain during medication-based treatment for opioid use disorder: A meta-analysis and retrospective analysis of clinical trial data.

Background: Side effects of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) such as weight gain contribute to their stigma. Substantial evidence suggests that women have a more severe side effect profile to MOUD than men, and concerns about weight gain during treatment are prevalent. However, the few studies reporting sex differences in weight gain during treatment show conflicting results and are restricted to methadone.

Ketamine use disorder: preclinical, clinical, and neuroimaging evidence to support proposed mechanisms of actions.

Ketamine, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, has been exclusively used as an anesthetic in medicine and has led to new insights into the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. Clinical studies have shown that low subanesthetic doses of ketamine produce antidepressant effects for individuals with depression. However, its use as a treatment for psychiatric disorders has been limited due to its reinforcing effects and high potential for diversion and misuse.

Cortical D1 and D2 dopamine receptor availability modulate methylphenidate-induced changes in brain activity and functional connectivity.

Dopamine signaling plays a critical role in shaping brain functional network organization and behavior. Prominent theories suggest the relative expression of D1- to D2-like dopamine receptors shapes excitatory versus inhibitory signaling, with broad consequences for cognition. Yet it remains unknown how the balance between cortical D1R versus D2R signaling coordinates the activity and connectivity of functional networks in the human brain.

Inflammatory Markers in Substance Use and Mood Disorders: A Neuroimaging Perspective.

Chronic exposure to addictive drugs in substance use disorders and stressors in mood disorders render the brain more vulnerable to inflammation. Inflammation in the brain, or neuroinflammation, is characterized by gliosis, microglial activation, and sustained release of cytokines, chemokines, and pro-inflammatory factors compromising the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. There is increased curiosity in understanding how substance misuse and/or repeated stress exposure affect inflammation and contribute to abnormal neuronal activity, altered neuroplasticity, and impaired cognitive control, which eventually promote compulsive drug-use behaviors and worsen mood disorders.