Effects of Methylating Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids on Viscosity: New Insights from the Compensated Arrhenius Formalism.

Methylation of the C(2) carbon on imidazolium-based room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) causes an unexpected increase in viscosity when paired with the anion bis(trifluoromethylsulfonamide) [TfN], but the viscosity decreases when the methylated imidazolium is paired with a tetracyanoborate [B(CN)] anion. This paper investigates these different observations in viscosity using the compensated Arrhenius formalism (CAF) for fluidity (inverse viscosity), which assumes fluidity to be a thermally activated process. CAF activation energies are determined for imidazolium [TfN] and methylated imidazolium [TfN] and compared to imidazolium [B(CN)] and methylated imidazolium [B(CN)].

Rehabilitative and assistive wearable mechatronic upper-limb devices: A review.

Recently, there has been a trend toward assistive mechatronic devices that are wearable. These devices provide the ability to assist without tethering the user to a specific location. However, there are characteristics of these devices that are limiting their ability to perform motion tasks and the adoption rate of these devices into clinical settings.

Long-term efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: 104-week VERTIS MET trial.

Aim: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on metformin.

Materials And Methods: A 104-week Phase III, randomized double-blind study with a 26-week placebo-controlled period (Phase A) and a 78-week period (Phase B) where blinded glimepiride was added to non-rescued placebo participants with fasting fingerstick glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L.

Long-term efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin monotherapy in patients with inadequately controlled T2DM despite diet and exercise: VERTIS MONO extension study.

Aim: This phase III, multicentre, randomized study (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01958671) evaluated the efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin monotherapy in adults with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c], 7.0% to 10.

Bosnian refugees and the stressors of exile: a narrative study.

The authors used semistructured interviews to examine exile-related stressors affecting a sample of 28 adult Bosnian refugees in Chicago. The interviews covered 3 areas: life in prewar Bosnia, the journey of exile, and, most centrally, life in Chicago. Primary sources of exile-related distress included social isolation and the loss of community, separation from family members, the loss of important life projects, a lack of environmental mastery, poverty and related stressors such as inadequate housing, and the loss of valued social roles.