Delayed inflammatory leukoencephalopathy after gastric bypass surgery.

We describe an unusual leukoencephalopathy in a female who developed global language and memory difficulties as well as diffuse FLAIR lesions in the cerebral white matter (WM) ~ 30 months after bariatric surgery. She had no detectable nutritional deficiency. She died suddenly due to cardiovascular disease.

Fatal coronary sinus thrombosis due to hypercoagulability in Crohn's disease.

A 27-year-old male, admitted to hospital for a psoas muscle abscess secondary to Crohn's disease, suddenly died while in hospital. A medicolegal autopsy showed coronary sinus thrombosis. Coronary sinus thrombosis is rare and is usually associated with invasive cardiac procedures.

Utility of cytokeratin 5/6, cytokeratin 20, and p16 in the diagnosis of reactive urothelial atypia and noninvasive component of urothelial neoplasia.

Background: The utility of cytokeratin (CK)5/6 in distinguishing reactive urothelial atypia (RA) from urothelial carcinoma in situ (CIS) and from noninvasive component of high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (PUC) is unknown.

Design: Twenty RA with or without papillary hyperplasia and 90 noninvasive components of neoplastic urothelial lesions were submitted for immunostaining with CK5/6, CK20, and p16.

Results: Diffuse and strong reactivity involving the full or nearly full thickness of urothelium was observed with CK5/6 in 90% of RA cases.

Sudden death from superior mesenteric artery thrombosis in a cocaine user.

Cocaine-mediated tissue injury is well established, particularly myocardial ischemia and infarction. Gastrointestinal complications including mesenteric ischemia, ischemic colitis and intestinal perforation occur less frequently. Cocaine-induced visceral arterial thrombosis is a rare finding.

Myopericytoma: a pleural-based spindle cell neoplasm off the beaten path.

Myopericytoma is a recently described hemangiopericytoma-like neoplasm with myoid differentiation. These tumors are typically located in the subcutaneous and soft tissues of the extremities. The authors report a rare pleural-based pulmonary myopericytoma in a 58-year-old woman.

Comparative immunohistochemical study of the stroma of serous and mucinous cystic neoplasms: possible histopathogenetic relationship of the 2 entities.

Objectives: Serous and mucinous cystic neoplasms (SCNs/MCNs) are the most common true cystic neoplasms of the pancreas and occur more frequently in women. The aim of this study was to characterize the stroma of SCNs to compare its phenotype with that of MCNs.

Methods: A total of 12 SCNs and 5 MCNs were analyzed immunohistochemically using the following antisera: progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), inhibin, CD10, and vimentin.

A serine/threonine-rich motif is one of three nuclear localization signals that determine unidirectional transport of the mineralocorticoid receptor to the nucleus.

The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a tightly regulated nuclear hormone receptor that selectively transmits corticosteroid signals. Steroid treatment transforms MR from a transcriptionally inert state, in which it is distributed equally between the nucleus and cytoplasm, to an active completely nuclear transcription factor. We report here that MR is an atypical nuclear hormone receptor that moves unidirectionally from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.

Discordant expression of HLA class II-associated co-chaperones and HLA-DRB alleles in cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR-positive synovial fibroblasts are frequently observed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and may be implicated in the autoimmune reaction because RA is associated with certain HLA-DRB1* alleles. The question of whether components of the class II antigen presentation pathway and specific DRB alleles are efficiently expressed by synovial fibroblasts is germane to this hypothesis. To address this, cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes (cFLS) were analyzed for constitutive and interferon (IFN)-gamma-induced expression of specific DRB alleles and class II-associated cochaperones.