Active surveillance of very-low-risk prostate cancer in the setting of active treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with 5α-reductase inhibitors.

Objective: To review the efficacy of treating benign prostatic hyperplasia and very-low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) in patients receiving active surveillance and 5α-reductase inhibitor (5-ARI; finasteride or dutasteride) treatment.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-two men with very-low-risk PCa (clinical stage T1c, Gleason score ≤ 6, <3 biopsy cores positive with ≤ 50% involvement, and prostate-specific antigen density ≤ 0.15 ng/mL/g) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (≥ 30 cm(3)) received active surveillance and were treated with a 5-ARI.

Two-step transurethral surgery of the prostate and permanent implant brachytherapy for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Purpose: Prostate brachytherapy is an increasingly used treatment option for low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). However, patients with preexisting lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and PCa, who would otherwise be good brachytherapy candidates, are often contraindicated because of the risk of postoperative urinary morbidity. We report our clinical experience with limited transurethral resection of the prostate (LTURP) and/or transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP) months before brachytherapy to treat patients with LUTS and low- to intermediate-risk PCa.