Structural equation modelling of the role of cognition in functional interference and treatment nonadherence among haemodialysis patients.

Background And Objectives: Cognitive impairment is common in haemodialysis patients and associated with adverse health outcomes. This may be due to cognitive impairments interfering with daily functioning and self-care, but evidence is limited. This cross-sectional study aims to explore the interrelationships between cognition and functional outcomes in haemodialysis patients.

Automated lung ultrasound image assessment using artificial intelligence to identify fluid overload in dialysis patients.

Background: Fluid assessment is challenging, and fluid overload poses a significant problem among dialysis patients, with pulmonary oedema being the most serious consequence. Our study aims to develop a simple objective fluid assessment strategy using lung ultrasound (LUS) and artificial intelligence (AI) to assess the fluid status of dialysis patients.

Methods: This was a single-centre study of 76 hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients carried out between July 2020 to May 2022.

Comparison of BACTEC versus conventional enrichment medium for peritoneal dialysate fluid culture.

Background: Bacterial peritonitis remains a significant cause of mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Early detection of causative organisms and targeted antimicrobial treatment allow for better clinical outcomes. This study compares bacterial growth results from peritoneal dialysate in the BACTEC blood culture system vs.

Handheld ultrasound-guided cannulation of difficult hemodialysis arteriovenous access: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Cannulation of complex arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or graft (AVG) frequently poses challenges to renal nursing practice. Ultrasound (US) guidance on visualizing central and peripheral venous access has been widely adopted in nephrology, reducing vascular intervention complications. Renal nurses could acquire this point-of-care technique to increase the successful cannulation rate while facilitating confidence build-up during practice.

A real-world study on SGLT2 inhibitors and diabetic kidney disease progression.

Background: Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, real-world data on CKD progression and the development of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) remains scarce. Our aim was to study renal outcomes of people with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) using SGLT2is in a highly prevalent DKD population.

MODY5 Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1ß (HNF1ß)-Associated Nephropathy: experience from a regional monogenic diabetes referral centre in Singapore.

From our monogenic diabetes registry set-up at a secondary-care diabetes center, we identified a nontrivial subpopulation (~15%) of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) among people with young-onset diabetes. In this report, we describe the diagnostic caveats, clinical features and long-term renal-trajectory of people with mutations (HNF1B-MODY). Between 2013 and 2020, we received 267 referrals to evaluate MODY from endocrinologists in both public and private practice.

Association of overhydration and serum pigment epithelium-derived factor with CKD progression in diabetic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study.

Aim: Little is known about whether overhydration (OH), measured using bioimpedance assay (BIA), is associated with CKD progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We hypothesised that OH was a predictor, and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was a modifiable risk factor of CKD progression.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 1,065 patients with clinically euvolemic T2DM who attended the diabetes centre in a tertiary hospital or primary care clinic.

Low, rather than High, Body Mass Index Is a Risk Factor for Acute Kidney Injury in Multiethnic Asian Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalised patients. The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of having AKI for patients in the acute hospital setting is not known, particularly in the Asian population.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-centre, observational study conducted in Singapore, a multiethnic population.

Outcomes of a nephrologist-driven tunnelled dialysis catheter insertion service in South East Asia.

Introduction: Tunnelled dialysis catheters (TDCs) are being increasingly inserted by nephrologists globally but there is limited experience and paucity of published outcomes data from South-East Asia (SEA). This study was conducted to analyse the outcomes of TDC insertion by nephrologists from a single centre in SEA.

Methods: All patients who underwent TDC insertion by nephrologists from October 2013 to June 2016 were included.

A veno-caliceal fistula related to ureteric stricture in a kidney allograft masquerading as renal failure.

We report an unusual case of veno-caliceal fistula that developed because of high ureteric pressure caused by graft ureteric stricture after kidney transplantation in a 60-year-old patient. We further confirmed its presence with radiological images. Recirculation of creatinine and other uremic toxins resulted in a biochemical picture of renal failure in the presence of normal kidney function, confirmed by normal scintigraphy findings.