Recurrence After Resection of Pancreatic Cancer: Can Radiomics Predict Patients at Greatest Risk of Liver Metastasis?

Background: Liver metastasis (LM) after pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) resection is common but difficult to predict and has grave prognosis. We combined preoperative clinicopathological variables and quantitative analysis of computed tomography (CT) imaging to predict early LM.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients with PDAC submitted to resection between 2005 and 2014 and identified clinicopathological variables associated with early LM.

Influence of rural clinical school experience and rural origin on practising in rural communities five and eight years after graduation.

Objective: To examine associations between extended medical graduates' rural clinical school (RCS) experience and geographic origins with practising in rural communities five and eight years after graduation.

Design, Participants: Cohort study of 2011 domestic medical graduates from ten Australian medical schools with rural clinical or regional medical schools.

Main Outcome Measures: Practice location types eight years after graduation (2019/2020) as recorded by the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency, classified as rural or metropolitan according to the 2015 Modified Monash Model; changes in practice location type between postgraduate years 5 (2016/2017) and 8 (2019/2020).

Cigarette smoking is associated with difficulties in the use of reappraisal for emotion regulation.

Background: Negative emotions can promote smoking relapse during a quit attempt. The use of cognitive reappraisal to self-regulate these emotions may therefore aid smoking cessation. Determining whether smokers exhibit difficulties in the use of reappraisal, and which factors are associated with such difficulties, may aid smoking cessations.

Elastic mucus strands impair mucociliary clearance in cystic fibrosis pigs.

SignificanceIn many lung diseases, increased amounts of and/or abnormal mucus impair mucociliary clearance, a key defense against inhaled and aspirated material. Submucosal glands lining cartilaginous airways secrete mucus strands that are pulled by cilia until they break free from the duct and sweep upward toward the larynx, carrying particulates. In cystic fibrosis (CF) pigs, progressive clearance of insufflated microdisks was repeatedly interrupted as microdisks abruptly recoiled.

Salinity legacy: Foliar microbiome's history affects mutualist-conferred salinity tolerance.

The rapid human-driven changes in the environment during the Anthropocene have placed extreme stress on many plants and animals. Beneficial interactions with microorganisms may be crucial for ameliorating these stressors and facilitating the ecosystem services host organisms provide. Foliar endophytes, microorganisms that reside within leaves, are found in essentially all plants and can provide important benefits (e.

Quality of Life Associated with Open vs Minimally Invasive Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Prospective Pilot Study.

Background: This prospective study was designed to compare quality of life (QoL) among patients who underwent open (O-PD) vs minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MI-PD), using a combination of validated qualitative and quantitative methodologies.

Study Design: From 2017 to 2019, patients scheduled for pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) were enrolled and presented with Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary surveys preoperatively, before discharge, at first postoperative visit and approximately 3 to 4 months after operation ("3 months"). Longitudinal plots of median QoL scores were used to illustrate change in each score over time.

My time with Franz Enzinger at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.

By a set of curious chances, Dr. F.M.

Music-based interventions to address well-being in people with a vision impairment: protocol for a scoping review.

Introduction: Music-based interventions are used to improve well-being in individuals who are psychologically vulnerable and have long-term illnesses. To date, no study has systematically assessed the literature on music-based interventions aimed at improving well-being in people who have a vision impairment (VI). The purpose of the current protocol is to provide the methodology for a scoping review, to explore the therapeutic outcomes and strategies used in music-based interventions aimed specifically at people with a VI.

A valid and reliable test of technical skill for vision impaired football.

Objectives: The International Paralympic Committee requires international federations to develop and implement sport-specific classification guidelines based on scientific evidence. Performance tests are key to developing new evidence-based criteria in football for athletes with vision impairment (VI). Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a valid and reliable test of technical performance for VI football.

Factors Associated With Patient-Reported Postsurgical Symptom Improvement in Adult Females with Chiari Malformation Type I: A Report from the Chiari1000 Dataset.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess if a broad array of factors is predictive of patient-reported surgical impact on symptoms.

Methods: Sixty-five presurgical factors were selected from the self-report history questionnaires (12 variables, N = 653), standardized scales (14 variables, N = 494-581), and morphometric measurements from magnetic resonance imaging (39 variables, N = 137) data of adult women in the Chiari1000 dataset. The factors were tested independently to identify those that were either significantly different in terms of, or significantly related to, patient-reported surgical impact on symptoms (P < 0.

The importance of the early appropriate management of foot and ankle soft tissue sarcomas - experiences of a regional sarcoma service.

Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a group of rare malignant tumours that can occur at almost any anatomical location in patients of any age, which often present to health care professional working outside a recognised sarcoma service. A review of foot and ankle STSs was conducted, reporting on patient and tumour characteristics, and patient outcome following surgery performed within and outside our sarcoma service.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective review of all foot and ankle STSs managed by our sarcoma service over a 14 year period was performed.

Endophthalmitis: Microbiology and Organism Identification Using Current and Emerging Techniques.

Endophthalmitis is an ophthalmological emergency requiring timely and appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Microbiological methods of microscopy (Gram's staining) and culture are the current gold standard for organism identification. However, a significant proportion of endophthalmitis remains culture-negative-perhaps the inflammation is non-infectious in origin, results from a novel organism are unidentifiable or because the causative organism is non-culturable often due to pre-treatment with antibiotics.

Beethoven's triad: Diarrhoea, deafness and cirrhosis. A plausible solution to the 195-year-old controversy.

Beethoven suffered from episodes of severe diarrhoea starting in his late teens, and increasing deafness from around the age of 28. He died from cirrhosis of the liver at the age of 57 in 1827. The nature of his diseases has been controversial ever since.

How USCAP (the United States/Canadian Academy of Pathology) got its name. A real just so story.

From 1907 till September 1986, the precursors of the United States/Canadian Academy of Pathology (USCAP), the International Association of Medical Museums (IAMM) and the US/Canadian Division of the International Academy of Pathology were not incorporated. Members of unincorporated bodies are personally liable for any debts incurred by such organisations. By a set of curious chances, this shortcoming was brought to the attention of the then Secretary of the US/Canadian Division, Nathan Kaufman, who was warned by lawyers that the Division should be incorporated.

The Relationship Between Visual Function and Performance in Para Swimming.

Background: Paralympic swimmers with vision impairment (VI) currently compete in one of the three classes depending on their visual acuity (VA) and/or visual field. However, there is no evidence to suggest that a three-class system is the most legitimate approach for classification in swimming, or that the tests of VA and visual field are the most suitable. An evidence-based approach is required to establish the relationship between visual function and performance in the sport.

Risk Stratification for Congenital Heart Surgery for ICD-10 Administrative Data (RACHS-2).

Background: As the cardiac community strives to improve outcomes, accurate methods of risk stratification are imperative. Since adoption of International Classification of Disease-10th Revision (ICD-10) in 2015, there is no published method for congenital heart surgery risk stratification for administrative data.

Objectives: This study sought to develop an empirically derived, publicly available Risk Stratification for Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-2) tool for ICD-10 administrative data.

"It's good to feel like you're doing something": a qualitative study examining state health department employees' views on why ineffective programs continue to be implemented in the USA.

Background: Mis-implementation, the inappropriate continuation of programs or policies that are not evidence-based or the inappropriate termination of evidence-based programs and policies, can lead to the inefficient use of scarce resources in public health agencies and decrease the ability of these agencies to deliver effective programs and improve population health. Little is known about why mis-implementation occurs, which is needed to understand how to address it. This study sought to understand the state health department practitioners' perspectives about what makes programs ineffective and the reasons why ineffective programs continue.

Correcting statistical misinformation about scientific findings in the media: Causation versus correlation.

Although retractions significantly reduce the number of references people make to misinformation, retracted information nevertheless persists in memory, continuing to influence reasoning. One hundred and twenty-nine lay participants completed an adaptation on the traditional continued influence paradigm, which set out to identify whether it is possible to debunk a piece of common statistical misinformation: inappropriate causal inference based on a correlation. We hypothesized that participants in the correction condition would make fewer causal inferences (misinformation) and more correlational inferences (correction) than those in the no-correction condition.

Intermediate, Wholistic Shape Representation in Object Recognition: A Pre-Attentive Stage of Processing?

Evidence is presented for intermediate, wholistic visual representations of objects and non-objects that are computed online and independent of visual attention. Short-term visual priming was examined between visually similar shapes, with targets either falling at the (valid) location cued by primes or at another (invalid) location. Object decision latencies were facilitated when the overall shapes of the stimuli were similar irrespective of whether the location of the prime was valid or invalid, with the effects being equally large for object and non-object targets.

A new hypothesis for the pathophysiology of symptomatic adult Chiari malformation Type I.

Chiari malformation Type I (CMI) is characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. The pathophysiology of CMI is not well elucidated; however, the prevailing theory focuses on the underdevelopment of the posterior cranial fossa which results in tonsillar herniation. Symptoms are believed to be due to the herniation causing resistance to the natural flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and exerting a mass effect on nearby neural tissue.

Surgical resection is associated with improved long-term survival of patients with resectable pancreatic head cancer compared to multiagent chemotherapy.

Background: Standard of care for resectable pancreatic cancer is a combination of surgical resection (SR) and multiagent chemotherapy (MCT). We aim to determine whether SR or MCT is associated with superior survival for patients receiving only single-modality therapy.

Methods: Patients with stage I-IIb pancreatic head adenocarcinoma who received either MCT or SR were identified in the NCDB (2013-2015).

Willingness to Pay for Preventive Dental Care Amongst Older Adults.

Objective: The aims of this study were (1) to investigate willingness to pay (WTP) for preventive and curative dental care procedures and (2) to determine the factors that influence older adults' WTP for dental care.

Methodology: Older, independently living adults from Singapore aged 60 years and older and eligible for government-subsidised dental care were nonrandomly recruited for this study. Data were collected using questionnaires and a clinical examination which recorded details of caries experience, number and distribution of posterior occluding contacts, prosthodontic status, and periodontal status.