Tremella saccharicola f.a., sp. nov., a novel tremellaceous yeast species isolated from tropical regions.

Ten strains representing a single anamorphic novel yeast species were isolated from the external surface (DMKU-SP23 and DMKU-SP40) and tissue (DMKU-SE89, DMKU-SE99, DMKU-SE100 and DMKU-SE147) of sugarcane leaves in Thailand, and phylloplane (IMUFRJR 52034) and rhizoplane (IMUFRJ 52036 and 52037) of sugarcane and associated soil (IMUFRJ 52035) in Brazil. These strains showed zero to two nucleotide substitutions in the sequences of the D1/D2 region of the LSU rRNA gene and zero to three nucleotide substitutions in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Tremella globispora was the most closely related species, but with 1.

Occultifur plantarum f.a., sp. nov., a novel cystobasidiomycetous yeast species.

Nine strains representing a single anamorphic novel yeast species in dispersed tropical and subtropical habitats were isolated from sugarcane leaf tissue (DMKU-SE24, DMKU-SE45T, DMKU-SE129 and DMKU-SE134) and corn leaf tissue (DMKU-CE36) in Thailand, phylloplane and rhizoplane of sugarcane in Brazil (IMUFRJ 52018 and IMUFRJ 52019), bromeliad leaf tissue in Brazil (IMUFRJ 51954) and plant leaf in Japan (IPM31-24). These strains showed identical or only 1 nt substitution in the sequences of the D1/D2 region of the LSU rRNA gene and 0-5 nt substitutions in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Phylogenetic analysis based on the combined sequences of the ITS and the D1/D2 regions showed that the eight of these strains represented a single species in the genus Occultifur that was distinct from related species.

Occultifur tropicalis f.a., sp. nov., a novel cystobasidiomycetous yeast species isolated from tropical regions.

Five strains representing a single novel anamorphic yeast species were isolated from sugar cane. Two strains were from tissue (DMKU-SE38, DMKU-SE59(T)) and two from the external surface (DMKU-SP385, DMKU-SP403) of leaves collected in Thailand and the fifth (IMUFRJ 52020) from the rhizoplane of sugar cane in an organically cultivated field in Brazil. On the basis of sequence analysis of the D1/D2 region of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, they were classified as representing a single species of the genus Occultifur.

Wickerhamiella slavikovae sp. nov. and Wickerhamiella goesii sp. nov., two yeast species isolated from natural substrates.

Two novel yeast species were isolated during three independent studies of yeasts associated with natural substrates in Brazil and Taiwan. Analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene showed that these novel species belong to the Wickerhamiella clade. The first was isolated from freshwater and a leaf of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) in Brazil and from leaves of Wedelia biflora in Taiwan.

Candida middelhoveniana sp. nov., a new yeast species found on the rhizoplane of organically cultivated sugarcane.

A novel yeast species within the Metschnikowiaceae is described based on a strain from the sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) rhizoplane of an organically managed farm in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The D1/D2 domain of the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis showed that the closest related species were Candida tsuchiyae with 86.

Kazachstania bromeliacearum sp. nov., a yeast species from water tanks of bromeliads.

Cultures of a novel nutritionally specialized, fermentative yeast species were isolated from 34 water tanks of five bromeliad species, two mangrove sediment samples and one swamp water sample in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene showed that the novel species belongs to the genus Kazachstania. The novel species differs from Kazachstania martiniae by 11 substitutions and 2 gaps in the sequence of the domains D1/D2 of the LSU rRNA gene.

Killer yeasts inhibit the growth of the phytopathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa, the causal agent of Witches' Broom disease.

Fruit and soil yeasts isolated from the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforests and an organic farm were screened for killer activity against yeasts. Killer yeasts were then tested against the phytopathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa (syn. Crinipellis perniciosa) and a Dipodascus capitatus strain and a Candida sp strain inhibited its growth.

Pseudomonas fluorescens dynamics in the soil surface to subsurface transect.

Microbial displacement in the soil is an important process for bioremediation and dispersal of wastewater pathogens. We evaluated cell movement in surface and subsurface red-yellow podzolic soil driven by advection and microbial motility and also survival of a microbial population at high pressure as is prevalent in deep soil layers. Pseudomonas fluorescens Br 12, resistant to rifampycin and kanamycin, was used as a model organism traceable in non-sterile soil.

Heterogeneity of metallo and serine extracellular proteinases in oral clinical isolates of Candida albicans in HIV-positive and healthy children from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Candida yeasts frequently cause life-threatening systemic infections in immunocompromised hosts. In the present study, gelatin-SDS-PAGE analysis was used to characterize extracellular proteinases in 44 oral clinical isolates of Candida albicans from HIV-positive (29/50) and healthy children (15/50). Our survey indicates that these oral clinical isolates of C.

Restriction analysis of the ITS region for characterization of the Debaryomyces species.

The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was used for taxonomic inferences in ascomycetous yeasts. The Debaryomyces species had a 640-690 ITS size. The analyzed Candida species can be differentiated by its distinct ITS size.

Ascomycetous yeasts from tropical intertidal dark mud of southeast Brazilian estuaries.

Four different intertidal estuarine sediments had distinct yeast communities. One-hundred-ninety-three yeast isolates were classified in 47 species, with 34 of these in the genus Candida. Candida tropicalis was the only ascomycetous species isolated from all four sites.