Relationship between FEV/FVC and age in children with asthma.

Introduction: Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV)/forced vital capacity (FVC) normally decreases through childhood, increases briefly during early adolescence, and then declines throughout life. The physiology behind this temporary increase during early adolescence is not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine if this pattern occurs in children with asthma.

Changes in Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents with Asthma during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Increased weight gain in children during the COVID-19 pandemic has been reported. Changes in weight in children with asthma during this period have not been well described. Retrospective review of children with asthma, 6-18 years of age, seen in 2019 and 2020.

The relationship between weight and pulmonary outcomes in overweight and obese people with cystic fibrosis: A retrospective observational study.

Background: A major focus in cystic fibrosis (CF) care aims to increase weight gain. Rates of overweight and obese people with CF have gradually increased over the past decade. Obesity could be a risk for restriction of lung volumes and airway obstruction as well as increase rates of pulmonary exacerbations in people with CF.

Counseling Tobacco Smoke Exposure Reduction Measures in Pediatrics: A Quality Improvement Project.

Unlabelled: With over 40% of children in the USA exposed to tobacco smoke, the AAP recommends tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) assessment during clinic visits. We aimed to increase the rates of TSE screening and provider counseling regarding TSE reduction using an evidence-based approach.

Methods: We conducted the project at a large pediatric pulmonology practice.

Stable to improved cardiac and pulmonary function in children with high-risk sickle cell disease following haploidentical stem cell transplantation.

Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at high-risk of progressive, chronic pulmonary and cardiac dysfunction. In this prospective multicenter Phase II trial of myeloimmunoablative conditioning followed by haploidentical stem cell transplantation in children with high-risk SCD, 19 patients, 2.0-21.

Airway closing index in school-age children during exercise bronchoprovocation.

Objective: Airway Closing Index (ACI), the ratio of % change in FVC to % change in FEV with bronchoprovocation, may represent changes in airflow due to airway closure, as opposed to airway narrowing. The objective of this study was to evaluate ACI during exercise bronchoprovocation (EB) in children.

Methods: Children, 6 to 18 years of age, who underwent EB using a stationary bicycle ergometer over a 6-year period were reviewed.

Safety and efficacy of lenabasum in a phase 2 randomized, placebo-controlled trial in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Few therapies specifically address the chronic airway inflammation in cystic fibrosis (CF) that contributes to progressive destruction of lung tissue and loss of lung function. Lenabasum is a cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2) agonist that resolves inflammation in a number of in vitro and in vivo models.

Methods: A Phase 2 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study assessed the safety and tolerability of lenabasum in adults with CF.

Incidence and prevalence of common respiratory pathogens before and after implementation of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Infection Prevention and Control Guideline.

Background: The 2013 Cystic Fibrosis Foundation's Infection Prevention and Control Guideline (CFF IP&C) was developed to reduce the risk of acquisition and transmission of respiratory pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).

Objective: We hypothesised that the incidence of common CF respiratory pathogens would decrease at our centre after implementation of the guideline.

Methods: All patients with CF seen at our centre from August 2012 through August 2017 who had respiratory cultures were included.

Perceptions of safety monitoring in CF clinical studies and potential impact on future study participation.

Background: Individuals with CF and their parents cite safety concerns as barriers to participating in clinical studies. We assessed whether a brochure/infographic describing patient safety monitoring processes could reduce knowledge and attitude barriers regarding safety monitoring. We also identified factors associated with likely participation in future CF studies.

Bronchodilators, Antibiotics, and Oral Corticosteroids Use in Primary Care for Children With Cough.

Real-world management decisions for acute cough in children in primary care practice are not well understood. This study is an analysis of 560 encounters for children with cough, 19 days to 18 years of age, seen in a predominantly suburban academic pediatric practice, over 1 year. Past history, cough duration, and cough characteristics significantly affected treatment decisions.

Effect of a soy isoflavone supplement on lung function and clinical outcomes in patients with poorly controlled asthma: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Soy isoflavone supplements are used to treat several chronic diseases, although the data supporting their use are limited. Some data suggest that supplementation with soy isoflavone may be an effective treatment for patients with poor asthma control.

Objective: To determine whether a soy isoflavone supplement improves asthma control in adolescent and adult patients with poorly controlled disease.

Differences in perspective on prognosis and treatment of children with trisomy 18.

Differences in perspective between physicians caring for children with trisomy 18 may be confusing and stressful for parents. The hypothesis of this study was that neonatologists and pediatric pulmonologists differ in their opinions regarding long-term prognosis and recommended interventions. Neonatologists and pediatric pulmonologists in New York State were surveyed.

The effects of low-level environmental tobacco smoke exposure on pulmonary function tests in preschool children with asthma.

Objectives: Though parents of children with asthma smoke, they often avoid smoking in their homes or near their children, thus limiting exposure. It is not known if such low-level environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) results in measurable exposure or affects lung function. The objectives of this study were to measure urinary cotinine in preschool children with asthma, and to examine the relationship between low-level ETS exposure and pulmonary function tests (PFTs).

Relationship between sweat chloride, sodium, and age in clinically obtained samples.

Background: The relationship between sweat electrolytes and age is uncertain, as is the value of measuring sodium or the chloride:sodium ratio.

Methods: 13,785 sweat tests performed over 23 years at one center through the Macroduct collection in clinically obtained samples were analyzed.

Results: Sweat chloride tended to decrease over the first year of life, slowly increase until the fourth decade, then either level off or slightly decrease.

Relationship between exhaled nitric oxide and exposure to low-level environmental tobacco smoke in children with asthma on inhaled corticosteroids.

Objectives: The relationship between exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and asthma severity or control is inconsistent. Active smoking lowers FeNO, but the relationship between passive smoking and FeNO is less clear. Children may be exposed to low-level environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) or thirdhand smoke, even if parents avoid smoking in the presence of their children.

Learning from a distance: effectiveness of online spirometry training in improving asthma care.

Objective: We evaluated the effectiveness of a virtually delivered quality improvement (QI) program designed to improve primary care management for children with asthma.

Methods: Thirty-six physicians, nurses, and medical assistants from 14 primary care pediatric practices (7 matched practice pairs) participated in a cluster randomized trial from October 2007 to September 2008. All practices received a spirometer and standard vendor training.

Lansoprazole for children with poorly controlled asthma: a randomized controlled trial.

Context: Asymptomatic gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is prevalent in children with asthma. Untreated GER has been postulated to be a cause of inadequate asthma control in children despite inhaled corticosteroid treatment, but it is not known whether treatment with proton pump inhibitors improves asthma control.

Objective: To determine whether lansoprazole is effective in reducing asthma symptoms in children without overt GER.