Impact of COVID-19 on functional, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and health-related outcomes in patients with dementia: A systematic review.

Background: This systematic review analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on dementia patients' functional, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and health related outcomes. It hypothesizes that dementia patients infected with SARS-CoV-2experience more pronounced deterioration compared to those who are uninfected.

Methods: Research from 01/03/2020 to 07/10/2023 was conducted using Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases, and adhering to PRISMA guidelines and the PICO framework.

Exosomal mRNA Signatures as Predictive Biomarkers for Risk and Age of Onset in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss. While the precise causes of AD remain unclear, emerging evidence suggests that messenger RNA (mRNA) dysregulation contributes to AD pathology and risk. This study examined exosomal mRNA expression profiles of 15 individuals diagnosed with AD and 15 healthy controls from Barranquilla, Colombia.

Personal social network strengthens adherence to lifestyle changes in individuals with subjective cognitive decline.

Introduction: Providing medical advice regarding lifestyle changes is currently the most effective intervention for delaying dementia onset among individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Adherence to such advice can be influenced by individual's social environment. We measured that impact within a Latinamerican population.

Comparative neurofilament light chain trajectories in CSF and plasma in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease.

Disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are likely to be most beneficial when initiated in the presymptomatic phase. To track the benefit of such interventions, fluid biomarkers are of great importance, with neurofilament light chain protein (NfL) showing promise for monitoring neurodegeneration and predicting cognitive outcomes. Here, we update and complement previous findings from the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network Observational Study by using matched cross-sectional and longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples from 567 individuals, allowing timely comparative analyses of CSF and blood trajectories across the entire disease spectrum.

Brain morphometry in transient global amnesia: a triangulated analysis approach.

Unlabelled: Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a rare, temporary, sudden-onset disturbance in anterograde episodic memory with unclear pathophysiology. Previous brain volumetric analysis in TGA patients showed varied results.

Objective: To explore brain morphometry, hypothesizing that patients with TGA exhibit structural alterations.

Argentina-Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: pioneering Alzheimer's Research in Latin America and its Implications for Regional Advancement.

The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) has fostered collaboration among researchers around the world, catalyzing innovation and accelerating progress in the field. In Latin America, this initiative advanced the validation and development of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers for the first time in our region. In 2011, as part of the international ADNI, Argentina-ADNI (Arg-ADNI) was founded.

CSF proteomics identifies early changes in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease.

In this high-throughput proteomic study of autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD), we sought to identify early biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for disease monitoring and treatment strategies. We examined CSF proteins in 286 mutation carriers (MCs) and 177 non-carriers (NCs). The developed multi-layer regression model distinguished proteins with different pseudo-trajectories between these groups.

Longitudinal associations between exercise and biomarkers in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: We investigated longitudinal associations between self-reported exercise and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related biomarkers in individuals with autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) mutations.

Methods: Participants were 308 ADAD mutation carriers aged 39.7 ± 10.

15 Years of Longitudinal Genetic, Clinical, Cognitive, Imaging, and Biochemical Measures in DIAN.

This manuscript describes and summarizes the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network Observational Study (DIAN Obs), highlighting the wealth of longitudinal data, samples, and results from this human cohort study of brain aging and a rare monogenic form of Alzheimer's disease (AD). DIAN Obs is an international collaborative longitudinal study initiated in 2008 with support from the National Institute on Aging (NIA), designed to obtain comprehensive and uniform data on brain biology and function in individuals at risk for autosomal dominant AD (ADAD). ADAD gene mutations in the amyloid protein precursor (), presenilin 1 (), or presenilin 2 () genes are deterministic causes of ADAD, with virtually full penetrance, and a predictable age at symptomatic onset.

Long Non-Coding RNAs and Alzheimer's Disease: Towards Personalized Diagnosis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, is the most common form of dementia. Currently, there is no single test that can diagnose AD, especially in understudied populations and developing countries. Instead, diagnosis is based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, cognitive testing, and brain imaging.

The impact of reward and punishment sensitivity on memory and executive performance in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is defined by memory impairment but executive function (EF) deficits could be also a common feature. This study examined the underlying neurocognitive processes associated with executive function (EF) deficits in patients with aMCI using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and computational modeling. Forty-two patients with aMCI and thirty-eight matched Controls performed the WSCT and underwent neurocognitive assessment.

Decentralized clinical trials for medications to reduce the risk of dementia: Consensus report and guidance.

Introduction: Recent growth in the functionality and use of technology has prompted an increased interest in the potential for remote or decentralized clinical trials in dementia. There are many potential benefits associated with decentralized medication trials, but we currently lack specific recommendations for their delivery in the dementia field.

Methods: A modified Delphi method engaged an expert panel to develop recommendations for the conduct of decentralized medication trials in dementia prevention.

Advancements in dementia research, diagnostics, and care in Latin America: Highlights from the 2023 Alzheimer's Association International conference satellite symposium in Mexico City.

Introduction: While Latin America (LatAm) is facing an increasing burden of dementia due to the rapid aging of the population, it remains underrepresented in dementia research, diagnostics, and care.

Methods: In 2023, the Alzheimer's Association hosted its eighth satellite symposium in Mexico, highlighting emerging dementia research, priorities, and challenges within LatAm.

Results: Significant initiatives in the region, including intracountry support, showcased their efforts in fostering national and international collaborations; genetic studies unveiled the unique genetic admixture in LatAm; researchers conducting emerging clinical trials discussed ongoing culturally specific interventions; and the urgent need to harmonize practices and studies, improve diagnosis and care, and use affordable biomarkers in the region was highlighted.

The 2022 symposium on dementia and brain aging in low- and middle-income countries: Highlights on research, diagnosis, care, and impact.

Two of every three persons living with dementia reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The projected increase in global dementia rates is expected to affect LMICs disproportionately. However, the majority of global dementia care costs occur in high-income countries (HICs), with dementia research predominantly focusing on HICs.

Performance on the Latin American version of the Face-Name Associative Memory Exam (LAS-FNAME) distinguishes individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment from age-matched controls in a sample from Argentina.

Introduction: The Latin American Spanish version of the Face-Name Associative Memory Exam (LAS-FNAME) has shown promise in identifying cognitive changes in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its applicability for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) detection in the Latin American population remains unexplored. This study aims to analyze the psychometric properties in terms of validity and reliability and diagnostic performance of the LAS-FNAME for the detection of memory disorders in patients with amnestic MCI (aMCI).

Presenilin-1 mutation position influences amyloidosis, small vessel disease, and dementia with disease stage.

Introduction: Amyloidosis, including cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and markers of small vessel disease (SVD) vary across dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease (DIAD) presenilin-1 (PSEN1) mutation carriers. We investigated how mutation position relative to codon 200 (pre-/postcodon 200) influences these pathologic features and dementia at different stages.

Methods: Individuals from families with known PSEN1 mutations (n = 393) underwent neuroimaging and clinical assessments.

Sex and Socioeconomic Disparities in Dementia Risk: A Population-Attributable Fraction Analysis in Argentina.

Introduction: Twelve modifiable risk factors (RFs) account for 40% of dementia cases worldwide. However, limited data exist on such factors in middle- and low-income countries. We aimed to estimate the population-attributable fractions (PAFs) for the 12 RFs in Argentina, assessing changes over a decade and exploring socioeconomic and sex influences.