[The access of independent midwives to maternity ward technical facilities: the experimentation of a level-1 department].

Objectives: The first aim of this study was to evaluate the access of independent midwives to the technical facilities of a level-1 maternity hospital, with a follow-up of 2 years. The second aim was to evaluate the transfer of clinical responsibility, when a patient stops being managed by the independent midwife to be taken care of by the hospital team.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study including 51 patients.

Mutations in BHD and TP53 genes, but not in HNF1beta gene, in a large series of sporadic chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.

BHD, TP53, and HNF1beta on chromosome 17 were studied in 92 cases of renal cell carcinoma (46 chromophobe, 19 clear cell, 18 oncocytoma, and nine papillary). Six, thirteen, and zero cases had, respectively BHD, TP53, and HNF1beta mutations, (84% mutations involved chromophobe), suggesting a role for BHD and TP53 in chromophobe subtype.

[Von Hippel-Lindau disease: recent advances in genetics and clinical management].

Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a hereditary cancer syndrome that predisposes to the development of a panel of highly vascularized tumors including CNS and retinal hemangioblastomas, endolymphatic sac tumors, clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (RCC), pheochromocytomas and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. CNS hemangioblastomas and RCC are the two main life-threatening manifestations. The disease is caused by germline mutations in the VHL tumor-suppressor gene that plays a major role in regulating the oxygen-sensing pathway by targeting the hypoxia-inducible factor HIF for degradation in proteasome.

Spontaneous activity of rat dorsal horn cells in spinal segments of sciatic projection following transection of sciatic nerve or of corresponding dorsal roots.

Natural forms of stimulation were used to compare the spontaneous and evoked activity of dorsal horn neurons in three groups of rats: controls with no surgical lesion, rats with transection of the sciatic nerve and rats with transection of the dorsal roots at the same segmental level. In control rats, cells encountered in the dorsal horn were classified according to their peripheral field as tactile specific, convergent tactile and nociceptive, nociceptive, or movement driven. In 20 control animals, only 20% of the 140 cells with a peripheral field were spontaneously active.

A comparative study on the efficacy of CD8-positive cells in enhancing allogeneic bone marrow engraftment: cell sorting vs microbead selection.

We have used a superparamagnetic microbead selection system to positively select a murine bone marrow CD8+ cell population. The functional ability of these cells to enhance allogeneic bone marrow engraftment was compared with that of fluorescence activated cell sorter purified CD8+ cells. The CD8+ cell population prepared by the microbead selection procedure was as effective as cell sorter purified CD8+ cells in enhancing T cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow engraftment in lethally irradiated mice.

Stimulation in the rat of a nerve fiber bundle by a short UV pulse from an excimer laser.

A bundle of central nervous fibers was excited in the rat with a short pulse (40 ns) of UV light produced by an excimer laser. Evoked responses were recorded in the thalamic ventralis posterior nucleus after stimulation of the medial lemniscus or the cuneate bundle in the spinal cord. The effects of electrical and optical fiber applied UV stimulation were compared in both cases.

[Chemotherapy in Alzheimer's disease. Retrospective study in a specialized hospital center].

In this study, our aim was to analyse the prescriptions of drugs used to improve Alzheimer's disease at CHS Paul Guiraud. This study was carried out a posteriori on 16 hospitalized patients. We have seen that for our patients there is no general rule, nor therapeutic scheme but the choice of treatment is carried out according to the professional experience of the physician.

[Effects of two drugs substituted o-anisamides: sulpiride and sultopride on the sleep awakening cycle (author's transl)].

The study of the sleep awakening cycle was carried out on implanted cats free of their movements, which received separately each drug in long lasting intake, inorder to differentiate their behavioural and electrophysiological activities. The qualitative and quantitative changes induced by these o-anisamides are reported. Like in man, sulpiride was found to be quite an original substance.

[Benzodiazepines and limbic system. Anxiety and vigilance (author's transl)].

A neurophysiological study of 4 benzodiazepines in the free implanted cat serves as basis to a discussion concerning tranquilizers, anxiety and vigilance. The electrophysiological and behavioural effects of diazepam, nitrazepam, lorazepam and of clorazepate dipotassique are analysed and compared between them and other psychotropic drugs. Their mode of action on the behaviour, on the bioelectric cortical and hippocampal rhythms, is explained according to recent biochemical data.

[Effects of two drugs substituted o-anisamides: sulpiride and sultopride on the sleep awakening cycle (author's transl)].

The study of the sleep awakening cycle was carried out on implanted cats free of their movements, which received separately each drug in long lasting intake, in order to differentiate their behavioural and electrophysiological activities. The qualitative and quantitative changes induced by these o-anisamides are reported. Like in man, sulpride was found to be quite an original substance.

[The use of an articulated brace in the treatment of juvenile kyphosis (author's transl)].

The authors have attempted to assess the efficiency of an articulated brace in the treatment of juvenile kyphosis (Scheuermann's disease and idiopathic kyphosis). Two series of patients were compared. Patients in both series were treated in a first stage by a plaster cast and in a second stage by a bivalve brace in the first series and an articulated brace in the second series.

[Reliability of the results of the ultrasonic hemodynamic recording (Doppler effect) in the diagnosis of cerebral ishemic ischemia of carotid origin].

The Doppler ultrasound diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis (asymetrical systolic and diastolic flows; elevated resistance index: ratio of flow pulse amplitude to systolic and diastolic values; flow reversal in the ophtalmic artery) is compared, in 52 patients, to the clinical, angiographic (40 patients) an surgical findings and to the peroperative measure of intra-arterial pressure and flow (30 patients). Its reliability is proved as a guide for angiographic exploration and for postoperative watching, but it is restricted to great vessels (cervical carotid artery) and is unable to detect ulcerated plate without stenosis.