Role of Vaccination Strategies to Host-Pathogen Dynamics in Social Interactions.

This study presents extended Immunity Agent-Based Model (IABM) simulations to evaluate vaccination strategies in controlling the spread of infectious diseases. The application of IABM in the analysis of vaccination configurations is innovative, as a vaccinated individual can be infected depending on how their immune system acts against the invading pathogen, without a pre-established infection rate. Analysis at the microscopic level demonstrates the impact of vaccination on individual immune responses and infection outcomes, providing a more realistic representation of how the humoral response caused by vaccination affects the individual's immune defense.

Emergence of Shear Bands in Confined Granular Systems: Singularity of the -Statistics.

The statistics of grain displacements probability distribution function () during the shear of a granular medium displays an unusual dependence with the shear increment upscaling as recently evinced (see "experimental validation of a nonextensive scaling law in confined granular media"). Basically, the of grain displacements has clear nonextensive (-Gaussian) features at small scales, but approaches to Gaussian characteristics at large shear window scales-the ranulence effect. Here, we extend this analysis studying a larger system (more grains considered in the experimental setup), which exhibits a severe shear band fault during the macroscopic straining.

Durability of composite repair using different surface treatments.

Objective: To evaluate the surface treatment and hydrophilicity of the bonding agent on the composite repair strength (RS), silver nitrate uptake (SNU), surface roughness (SR) and estimation of surface area (SA).

Methods: Fifty resin blocks (Opallis, FGM) were polished and divided in 5 groups: no treatment (NT); roughening with a fine (FDB); medium (MDB); coarse-grit (CDB) and 50-μm aluminium oxide sandblasting (AO). A hydrophobic (Adhesive, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus, 3M ESPE) or hydrophilic (Adper Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE) adhesive was applied, followed by composite placement (Opallis, FGM).