Scientific sinkhole: estimating the cost of peer review based on survey data with snowball sampling.

Background: There are a variety of costs associated with publication of scientific findings. The purpose of this work was to estimate the cost of peer review in scientific publishing per reviewer, per year and for the entire scientific community.

Methods: Internet-based self-report, cross-sectional survey, live between June 28, 2021 and August 2, 2021 was used.

At-a-glance - Twenty years of diabetes surveillance using the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System.

In 1999, the Government of Canada, along with the provinces and territories, established the National Diabetes Surveillance System (NDSS) to track rates of diabetes in Canada. The NDSS used a novel method to systematically collect and report national diabetes data using linked administrative health databases. The NDSS has since evolved to become the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System (CCDSS) and provides information on over 20 chronic conditions.

Smoking behaviour among nurses in Ontario: cross-sectional results from the Champlain Nurses' Study.

Objective: Nurses comprise the largest professional group within the Canadian health care workforce. We aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of smoking among nurses.

Methods: The Champlain Nurses' Study was a multi-centre, observational study that evaluated the physical activity levels and health of hospital-based nurses.

Scientific sinkhole: The pernicious price of formatting.

Objective: To conduct a time-cost analysis of formatting in scientific publishing.

Design: International, cross-sectional study (one-time survey).

Setting: Internet-based self-report survey, live between September 2018 and January 2019.

Recent trends in prostate cancer in Canada.

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer in Canadian men. Screening recommendations have changed substantially over the last 25 years. Since 2011 (United States) and 2014 (Canada), taskforce guidelines have recommended against screening using the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test in low-risk men of all ages.

Automated Telephone Follow-up for Smoking Cessation in Smokers With Coronary Heart Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Smokers with coronary heart disease (CHD) benefit from in-hospital cessation treatment, but relapse is common without ongoing support postdischarge. The purpose of this study was to determine if smoking abstinence would be higher after hospital discharge in smokers who received automated telephone follow-up (ATF) and nurse-counseling, compared with a standard care (SC) control group.

Methods: A total of 440 smokers hospitalized with CHD were randomly assigned to the ATF group (n = 216) or to the SC group (n = 224).

Watching television or listening to music while exercising failed to affect post-exercise food intake or energy expenditure in male adolescents.

Watching television or listening to music while exercising can serve as motivating factors, making it more pleasant to exercise for some people. However, it is unknown whether these stimuli influence food intake and/or physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) for the remainder of the day, potentially impacting energy balance and weight control. We examined the effects of watching television or listening to music while exercising on post-exercise energy intake and expenditure.

Outdoor time and dietary patterns in children around the world.

Background: Whether outdoor time is linked to dietary patterns of children has yet to be empirically tested. The objective of this study was to examine the association between outdoor time and dietary patterns of children from 12 countries around the world.

Methods: This multinational, cross-sectional study included 6229 children 9-11 years of age.

Cannabis use among middle and high school students in Ontario: a school-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Cannabis use can have serious detrimental effects in children and adolescents. It is therefore important to continually assess the use of cannabis among young people in order to inform prevention efforts. We assessed the prevalence of cannabis use among middle and high school students in Ontario and examined its association with demographic and behavioural factors.

Prospective, Cluster-Randomized Trial to Implement the Ottawa Model for Smoking Cessation in Diabetes Education Programs in Ontario, Canada.

Objective: To test whether a practice-level intervention to promote the systematic identification, treatment, and follow-up of smokers (the Ottawa Model for Smoking Cessation [OMSC]) would improve long-term abstinence rates among smoker-patients with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes receiving care from diabetes education programs in Ontario, Canada.

Research Design And Methods: The Tobacco Intervention in Diabetes Education study was a matched-pair, cluster-randomized clinical trial. Within each pair, sites were randomly allocated to either an OMSC intervention ( = 7) or a wait-list control (WLC) condition ( = 7).

Measurement of sedentary behaviour in population health surveys: a review and recommendations.

Background: The purpose of this review was to determine the most valid and reliable questions for targeting key modes of sedentary behaviour (SB) in a broad range of national and international health surveillance surveys. This was done by reviewing the SB modules currently used in population health surveys, as well as examining SB questionnaires that have performed well in psychometric testing.

Methods: Health surveillance surveys were identified via scoping review and contact with experts in the field.

Pokémon Go: A game changer for the physical inactivity crisis?

There is an urgent need to find novel strategies aimed at motivating people to go outside and move more. Pokémon Go blends a fun smartphone game with real-life, outdoor physical activity. Initial reports suggest it is a successful population level strategy to increase physical activity levels.

Results From Canada's 2016 ParticipACTION Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth.

Background: The ParticipACTION Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth is the most comprehensive assessment of child and youth physical activity in Canada and provides an update or "state of the nation" that assesses how Canada is doing at promoting and facilitating physical activity opportunities for children and youth. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the results of the 2016 ParticipACTION Report Card.

Methods: Twelve physical activity indicators were graded by a committee of experts using a process that was informed by the best available evidence.

Canadian physical activity guidelines for adults: are Canadians aware?

The present study evaluated awareness of the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology's 2011 Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults and assessed correlates. Reported awareness of the physical activity (PA) guidelines was 12.9% (204/1586) of the total sample surveyed.

Household-level correlates of children's physical activity levels in and across 12 countries.

Objective: Household factors (electronic media equipment, play equipment, physical activity in the home, and social support) have been associated with childhood moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), but little is known about how these factors differ across diverse countries. The objective was to explore household correlates of objective MVPA in children from 12 countries.

Methods: Overall, 5,859 nine- to eleven-year-old children from 12 countries representing a range of human and socioeconomic development indicators wore an accelerometer for 7 days and parents reported on household factors.

International normative 20 m shuttle run values from 1 142 026 children and youth representing 50 countries.

Objective: To develop sex-specific and age-specific international norms for the 20 m shuttle run test (20mSRT) in children and youth (aged 9-17 years), and to estimate the prevalence meeting the FITNESSGRAM criterion-referenced standards for healthy cardiorespiratory endurance (CRE).

Methods: A systematic review was undertaken to identify papers explicitly reporting descriptive 20mSRT (with 1 min stages) data on children and youth since 1981. Data were included on apparently healthy (free from known disease/injury) 9-17 years old.

Are Children Like Werewolves? Full Moon and Its Association with Sleep and Activity Behaviors in an International Sample of Children.

In order to verify if the full moon is associated with sleep and activity behaviors, we used a 12-country study providing 33,710 24-h accelerometer recordings of sleep and activity. The present observational, cross-sectional study included 5812 children ages 9-11 years from study sites that represented all inhabited continents and wide ranges of human development (Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, United Kingdom, and United States). Three moon phases were used in this analysis: full moon (±4 days; reference), half moon (±5-9 days), and new moon (±10-14 days) from nearest full moon.

Knowledge and awareness of Canadian Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines: a synthesis of existing evidence.

The aim of this review was to consolidate and synthesize existing evidence regarding current knowledge and awareness of the Canadian Physical Activity (PA) and Sedentary Behaviour (SB) Guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched for peer-reviewed publications pertaining to the guidelines. Content experts, key organizations (i.

Television viewing and food intake during television viewing in normal-weight, overweight and obese 9- to 11-year-old Canadian children: a cross-sectional analysis.

It is unclear if children of different weight status differ in their nutritional habits while watching television. The objective of the present paper was to determine if children who are overweight or obese differ in their frequency of consumption of six food items while watching television compared with their normal-weight counterparts. A cross-sectional study of 550 children (57·1 % female; mean age = 10 years) from Ottawa, Canada was conducted.

Correlates of Total Sedentary Time and Screen Time in 9-11 Year-Old Children around the World: The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment.

Purpose: Previously, studies examining correlates of sedentary behavior have been limited by small sample size, restricted geographic area, and little socio-cultural variability. Further, few studies have examined correlates of total sedentary time (SED) and screen time (ST) in the same population. This study aimed to investigate correlates of SED and ST in children around the world.

Mediating role of television time, diet patterns, physical activity and sleep duration in the association between television in the bedroom and adiposity in 10 year-old children.

Background: Having a TV in the bedroom is associated with adiposity in children. It is not known how lifestyle behaviours (television viewing time, diet patterns, physical activity, and sleep duration) mediate this association. The objective of this study was to examine the mediating role of these lifestyle behaviours in the association between TV in the bedroom and percent body fat (% BF).