Publications by authors named "Allan Yanez"

By coupling long-range polymerase chain reaction, wastewater-based epidemiology, and pathogen sequencing, we show that adenovirus type 41 hexon-sequence lineages, described in children with hepatitis of unknown origin in the United States in 2021, were already circulating within the country in 2019. We also observed other lineages in the wastewater, whose complete genomes have yet to be documented from clinical samples.

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The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic resulted in a scale-up of viral genomic surveillance globally. However, the wet lab constraints (economic, infrastructural, and personnel) of translating novel virus variant sequence information to meaningful immunological and structural insights that are valuable for the development of broadly acting countermeasures (especially for emerging and re-emerging viruses) remain a challenge in many resource-limited settings. Here, we describe a workflow that couples wastewater surveillance, high-throughput sequencing, phylogenetics, immuno-informatics, and virus capsid structure modeling for the genotype-to-serotype characterization of uncultivated picornavirus sequences identified in wastewater.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers analyzed wastewater samples from a population of about 700,000 in the southwest USA between October 2019 and March 2021, focusing on three specific viruses to determine if the concentration method affects virus detection and diversity.
  • * Results indicated that the presence and diversity of viruses in the two fractions obtained (filtered solids and filtrate) were inconsistent, suggesting that relying on only one fraction may compromise WBE's effectiveness as an early warning system for viral outbreaks.
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Article Synopsis
  • The genome of Microvirus-AZ-2020, found in Arizona wastewater in October 2020, has been analyzed and documented.
  • It belongs to a certain subfamily and contains six open reading frames (ORFs), which are parts of the DNA that can be translated into proteins.
  • An analysis indicates that one of these ORFs is a hypothetical one that might encode a new type of DNA-binding protein not previously identified.
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Antimicrobials like parabens, triclosan (TCS), and triclocarban (TCC) are of public health concern worldwide due to their endocrine-disrupting properties and ability to promote antimicrobial drug resistance in human pathogens. The overall use of antimicrobials presumably has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas TCS and TCC may have experienced reductions in use due to their recent ban from thousands of over-the-counter (OTC) personal care products by the U.S.

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Virus surveillance by wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) in two Arizona municipalities in Maricopa County, USA (~700,000 people), revealed the presence of six canine picornavirus (CanPV) variants: five in 2019 and one in 2021. Phylogenetic analysis suggests these viruses might be from domestic dog breeds living within or around the area. Phylogenetic and pairwise identity analyses suggest over 15 years of likely enzootic circulation of multiple lineages of CanPV in the USA and possibly globally.

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