Feasibility trial of STRONG: A digital intervention to improve nutritional management for individuals with esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer.

Introduction: Individuals with esophageal and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancers are at especially high risk of malnutrition. However, most patients with malnutrition do not receive adequate nutritional support. We conducted a single-arm trial to test the implementation of Support Through Remote Observation and Nutrition Guidance (STRONG), a multilevel digital intervention to improve nutritional outcomes for patients with locally advanced esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer.

Incomplete Resection Is Twice as Likely in Locally Advanced Mucinous Compared to Nonmucinous Rectal Adenocarcinoma: A National Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA) has poor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NCR) and higher involved radial surgical margin rates than nonmucinous rectal adenocarcinoma (NMA).

Methods: The National Cancer Database (2010-2018) was queried for adult patients with clinical stage II and III rectal cancer. Patients with MA and NMA treated with NCR and total mesorectal excision (TME) were identified.

Brazilian pediatric patients with gliomas: treatment characteristics and survival outcomes.

Background: The current study aimed to determine the overall survival (OS) rates of patients diagnosed with pediatric gliomas in Brazil, accounting for the influence of age, treatment modalities, and tumor site, using a population-based national database.

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed with pediatric gliomas of central nervous system (CNS) from 1999-2020 were identified from The Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo public database. The Kaplan-Meier and the log-rank test were used for survival analysis.

Influence of proton pump inhibitors on the pathological response of rectal cancer: a multicentre study.

Background: The standard neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer involves fluoropyrimidines and radiotherapy and, most recently, total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT). A drug-drug interaction between fluoropyrimidines and proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) was suggested, with a negative impact on oncological outcomes in breast, colon and gastric cancers. Little is known about such an effect on rectal tumours.

Survival and Response Outcomes for Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumor (GEP-NETs) Patients Treated with Lutetium-177-DOTATATE in a Brazilian Reference Center: A Six-Year Follow-Up Experience.

Background: PRRT can be an option for all-grade GEP-NETs, but selecting patients is challenging. In this scenario, clinical-pathological and radiological characteristics, such as pre-treatment Ga-68 DOTA PET/CT, might have the potential to help.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on advanced GEP-NETs treated with at least one PRRT dose.

Real-World Evidence on the Use of Endocrine Therapy for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in Patients Treated With Breast-Conserving Surgery Followed by Postoperative Radiation Therapy: A Brazilian Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction/background: This study aims to evaluate the reproducibility of findings from randomized controlled trials regarding adjuvant hormone therapy (HT) for breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in a real-life scenario.

Materials/methods: This retrospective cohort study used Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo database. It included DCIS patients DCIS who received breast-conserving surgery and postoperative radiation therapy.

Overall Survival, BRAF, RAS, and MSI Status in Patients Who Underwent Cetuximab After Refractory Chemotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: Evaluate overall survival (OS), RAS, BRAF, and MSI frequencies in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), refractory to chemotherapy, and finally treated with cetuximab.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study to evaluate 211 mCRC patients with wild-type KRAS treated with cetuximab. BRAF V600E, KRAS, NRAS gene mutations, and MSI status were identified using PCR techniques in a population of pre-treated patients who were refractory to fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan.

Systemic Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Stand and Perspectives.

Hepatocellular carcinoma often develops in the context of chronic liver disease. It is the sixth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although the mainstay of therapy is surgical resection, most patients are not eligible because of liver dysfunction or tumor extent.

What can we learn from more than 1,000 Brazilian patients at risk of hereditary cancer?

Background: Identifying individuals at a higher risk of developing cancer is a major concern for healthcare providers. Cancer predisposition syndromes are the underlying cause of cancer aggregation and young-onset tumors in many families. Germline genetic testing is underused due to lack of access, but Brazilian germline data associated with cancer predisposition syndromes are needed.

Breast Cancer Phenotype Associated With Li-Fraumeni Syndrome: A Brazilian Cohort Enriched by p.R337H Carriers.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy in women with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). The literature on BC in LFS is limited due to its rarity worldwide. A founder pathogenic variant (c.

A Prospective Cohort Study of Biomarkers in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal (SCCAC) and their Influence on Treatment Outcomes.

Although Chemoradiation (CRT) is the curative treatment for SCCAC, many patients present primary resistance. Since it is a rare tumor, response predictors remain unknown. We performed a prospective cohort study to evaluate biomarkers associated with CRT response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Social determinants of health and survival on Brazilian patients with glioblastoma: a retrospective analysis of a large populational database.

Background: The majority of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma develop recurrent disease resulting in poor prognoses. The current study aimed to determine the survival rates of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma in Brazil accounting for the influence of age, treatment modalities, public and private practices, and educational level using a population-based national database.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with glioblastoma from 1999-2020 were identified from The Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo database to create a retrospective cohort.

Putting fire on the map of Brazilian savanna ecoregions.

The Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) is considered the most floristically diverse savanna in the world, home to more than seven thousand species. The region is a mosaic of savannas, grasslands and forests whose unique biophysical and landscape attributes are on the basis of a recent ecoregional map, paving the way to improved region-based strategies for land management actions. However, as a fire-prone ecosystem, Cerrado owes much of its distribution and ecological properties to the fire regime and contributes to an important parcel of South America burned area.

Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Literature Review and Treatment Perspectives.

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma is a prevalent and potentially aggressive disease. For more than a decade, treatment with sorafenib has been the only approved therapeutic approach. Moreover, no agent has been proven to prolong survival following the progression of disease after sorafenib treatment.

Identification of Actionable Fusions as an Anti-EGFR Resistance Mechanism Using a Circulating Tumor DNA Assay.

Purpose: Gene fusions are established oncogenic drivers and emerging therapeutic targets in advanced colorectal cancer. This study aimed to detail the frequencies and clinicopathological features of gene fusions in colorectal cancer using a circulating tumor DNA assay.

Methods: Circulating tumor DNA samples in patients with advanced colorectal cancer were analyzed at 4,581 unique time points using a validated plasma-based multigene assay that includes assessment of fusions in , , , , , and Associations between fusions and clinicopathological features were measured using Fisher's exact test.

The impact on clinical outcomes of post-operative radiation therapy delay after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer: A multicentric international study.

Introduction: Radiation therapy (RT) is frequently used for post-operative treatment in breast cancer (BC) patients who received preoperative systemic therapy (PST) and surgery. Nevertheless, the optimal timing to start RT is unclear.

Material And Methods: Data from BC patients who underwent chemotherapy as PST, breast surgery and RT at 3 Institutions in Brazil and Canada from 2008 to 2014 were evaluated.

Differences in Pathology and Mutation Status Among Colorectal Cancer Patients Younger Than, Older Than, and of Screening Age.

Background: Screening protocols for colorectal cancer are broadly recommended and effective in reducing mortality. However, populations from different age groups can harbor distinct pathologic and molecular profiles that can also be influenced by screening and polyp resection, especially in older ages.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed tumors from stage IV colorectal cancer patients from a central pathology laboratory in Brazil that is a reference for mutational profiling countrywide.

Medical Oncologists' Perspectives on How the Results of the IDEA Collaboration Impact the Adjuvant Treatment of Stage III Colon Cancer.

Background: The International Duration Evaluation of Adjuvant Chemotherapy (IDEA) collaboration aimed to evaluate whether 3 months of adjuvant chemotherapy are noninferior to 6 months. Our study objectives were to characterize medical oncologists' perspectives toward the results of the IDEA collaboration and to evaluate how IDEA impacted prescribing patterns of adjuvant FOLFOX and CAPOX in colon cancer.

Materials And Methods: A list of questions developed by four medical oncologists regarding IDEA results were formulated and distributed online to gastrointestinal medical oncologists globally.

Clinical and molecular characterization of early-onset colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing in adults younger than 50 years. This study evaluated clinical and molecular features to identify those features unique to early-onset CRC that differentiate these patients from patients 50 years old or older.

Methods: Baseline characteristics were evaluated according to the CRC onset age with 3 independent cohorts.

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Advanced Germ Cell Tumor Treated at a Tertiary Cancer Center in Brazil.

Purpose: Reported treatment outcomes for patients with advanced germ cell tumors (aGCT) are based mainly on series from developed nations. Data from low- and middle-income countries are underrepresented.

Material And Methods: From 2000 to 2015, a retrospective analysis identified 300 patients with aGCT treated at our institution.

Targeting the Hedgehog Pathway in Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.

The Hedgehog pathway (HhP) plays an important role in normal embryonic development and its abnormal function has been linked to a variety of neoplasms. Recently, the complex mechanisms involved in this pathway have been deciphered and the cross talks with other important pathways involved in carcinogenesis have been characterized. This knowledge has led to the development of targeted therapies against key components of HhP, which culminated in the approval of vismodegib for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma in 2012.