Publications by authors named "Allan James"

Long-term, immunosuppression-free allograft survival has been induced in human and nonhuman primate (NHP) kidney recipients after nonmyeloablative conditioning and donor bone marrow transplantation (DBMT), resulting in transient mixed hematopoietic chimerism. However, the same strategy has consistently failed in NHP heart transplant recipients. Here, we investigated whether long-term heart allograft survival could be achieved by cotransplanting kidneys from the same donor.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: It is estimated that 1.3 billion people in the world have hypertension and a large proportion of them are unaware. Waist circumference has emerged as Potential predictor of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) risk; however, fewer studies in Tanzania have evaluated its role in screening for CVD risk.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The thymus is a rich source of regulatory T cells and plays a role in self-tolerance. Therefore, transplantation of a vascularized donor thymus may facilitate the induction of tolerance in recipients of a cotransplanted heart allograft. To investigate this hypothesis, we developed a new technique to procure the heart and thymus en bloc from juvenile donors and transplant the composite allograft into thymectomized recipients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Induction immunosuppression in solid organ transplants aims to prevent early rejection and reduce kidney injury by using strong immunosuppressive drugs during the perioperative period.
  • - In lung transplants, over 80% of adult recipients now receive induction therapy, predominantly using interleukin-2 receptor antagonists like basiliximab.
  • - Despite its growing use, there is limited evidence guiding the practice of induction immunosuppression in lung transplantation, leading to ongoing debates about its effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

To better understand the in-match fuelling practices of elite football players and compare against current guidelines, we quantified the carbohydrate, fluid, and caffeine intake of players from an English Premier League club ( = 22) during 90 min of competitive match-play. Mean carbohydrate intake across match-play was 17 ± 11 g.h with players demonstrating a preference towards CHO-containing fluids (58%) when compared with semi-solids (38%) and solids (14%), respectively.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) plays an integral role in the management of low-grade gliomas (LGG). Late toxicity from RT can cause progressive neurocognitive dysfunction. Radiation-induced damage to the hippocampus (HCP) plays a considerable role in memory decline.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction/background: Patients receiving treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC) with curative intent, will potentially undergo primary or adjuvant radiation therapy (RT). These patients require supportive management from an extended multi-disciplinary team, to manage the severe toxicities and distress that a course of treatment can bring. A survey was designed to determine if there were changes in the experience of HNC patients attending for radical RT, from the beginning to the end of their treatment course.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Between 2010 and 2015, global antiretroviral therapy coverage for pregnant women with HIV saw a significant increase, but only a minimal rise occurred from 2016 to 2020.
  • - A study in Tanzania from January to December 2022 found a 2.48% prevalence of vertical transmission of HIV among infants exposed to the virus, with key findings highlighting the importance of antiretroviral prophylaxis.
  • - Infants not receiving antiretroviral prophylaxis had significantly higher odds of contracting HIV, indicating that maternal use of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy plays a critical role in reducing transmission rates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Patients with glioblastoma who are older or have poor performance status (PS) experience particularly poor clinical outcomes. At the time of study initiation, these patients were treated with short-course radiation therapy (40 Gy in 15 fractions). Olaparib is an oral inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) that is well tolerated as a single agent but exacerbates acute radiation toxicity in extracranial sites.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cold stress is one of the major environmental factors that limit growth and yield of plants. However, it is still not fully understood how plants account for daily temperature fluctuations, nor how these temperature changes are integrated with other regulatory systems such as the circadian clock. We demonstrate that REVEILLE2 undergoes alternative splicing after chilling that increases accumulation of a transcript isoform encoding a MYB-like transcription factor.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Vaccination continues to be the key public health measure for preventing severe COVID-19 outcomes. Certain groups may be at higher risk of incomplete vaccine schedule, which may leave them vulnerable to COVID-19 hospitalisation and death.

Aim: To identify the sociodemographic and clinical predictors for not receiving a scheduled COVID-19 vaccine after previously receiving one.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Based on pulsed DC sputter deposition of hydrogenated carbon, an absorber optical coating with maximized broadband infrared absorptance is reported. Enhanced broadband (2.5-20 µm) infrared absorptance (>90) with reduced infrared reflection is achieved by combining a low-absorptance antireflective (hydrogenated carbon) overcoat with a broadband-absorptance carbon underlayer (nonhydrogenated).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Particulate organic nitrate (pON) can be a major part of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and is commonly quantified by indirect means from aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) data. However, pON quantification remains challenging. Here, we set out to quantify and characterize pON in the boreal forest, through direct field observations at Station for Measuring Ecosystem Atmosphere Relationships (SMEAR) II in Hyytiälä, Finland, and targeted single-precursor laboratory studies.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Precision medicine can significantly improve outcomes for patients with cancer, but implementation requires comprehensive characterization of tumor cells to identify therapeutically exploitable vulnerabilities. Here, we describe somatic biallelic TET2 mutations in an elderly patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that was chemoresistant to anthracycline and cytarabine but acutely sensitive to 5'-azacitidine (5'-Aza) hypomethylating monotherapy, resulting in long-term morphological remission. Given the role of TET2 as a regulator of genomic methylation, we hypothesized that mutant TET2 allele dosage affects response to 5'-Aza.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Global efforts to deliver internationally agreed goals to reduce carbon emissions, halt biodiversity loss, and retain essential ecosystem services have been poorly integrated. These goals rely in part on preserving natural (e.g.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Secondary organic matter (SOM) formed from gaseous precursors constitutes a major mass fraction of fine particulate matter. However, there is only limited evidence on its toxicological impact. In this study, air-liquid interface cultures of human bronchial epithelia were exposed to different series of fresh and aged soot particles generated by a miniCAST burner combined with a micro smog chamber (MSC).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Some patients with therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) may have unsuspected inherited cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS). We propose a set of clinical criteria to identify t-MN patients with high risk of CPS (HR-CPS). Among 225 t-MN patients with an antecedent non-myeloid malignancy, our clinical criteria identified 52 (23%) HR-CPS patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Inflammatory responses play a crucial role in cancer, specifically in aggressive myeloid neoplasms, where monocytes are abundant.
  • Researchers developed a novel drug discovery assay using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to identify anti-inflammatory drugs in human monocytes from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with only 2500 cells.
  • The study found that nilotinib, unlike similar drug imatinib, inhibits inflammatory responses by targeting the p38α-MK2/3 signaling pathway, suggesting potential for developing new anti-inflammatory treatments for myeloid neoplasms and other conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Global mean lower stratosphere temperatures rose abruptly in January 2020 reaching values not experienced since the early 1990s. Anomalously high lower stratospheric temperatures were recorded for 4 months at highly statistically significant levels. Here, we use a combination of satellite and surface-based remote sensing observations to derive a time-series of stratospheric biomass burning aerosol optical depths originating from intense SouthEastern Australian wildfires and use these aerosol optical depths in a state-of-the-art climate model.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_session27jc9ci0tcd5kd96hoaio7rhn3mu4aqp): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once