Effects of clinical, laboratuary and pathological features on successful sperm retrieval in non-obstructive azoospermia.

Objective: The study aims to evaluate the correlation of testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and histopathology with various features of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) cases who consulted to our university-based infertility clinic, and the probability of prompting couples about TESE success and to investigate the cost reduction chance through cost-beneficial aspects.

Material And Methods: One hundred and twenty-five patients were enrolled in this study. Age, unprotected intercourse period, age of puberty, and concomittant diseases were noted.

Micropapillary pattern in urothelial carcinoma: a clinicopathological analysis.

Objectives: Our aim was to review our pathological archive to find out the actual incidence of micropapillary pattern (MPP) in our urothelial carcinoma patient population and determine its correlation with clinical outcome.

Patients And Methods: 14 out of 170 cases with complete clinical follow-up were clinicopathologically analyzed. The extent of MPP was determined as tumor percentage.

A case of tubulocystic carcinoma simultaneously occurring with clear cell type renal cell carcinoma and micropapillary urothelial carcinoma of bladder.

The coexistence of multiple and synchronous primary neoplasms in the genitourinary system has rarely been described in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a very rare tumor, a "tubulocystic carcinoma," simultaneously occurring with micropapillary urothelial carcinoma in the bladder and clear cell type renal cell carcinoma in the same kidney. Tubulocystic carcinoma is a recently entitled tumor.

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression: does it have a probable role in tumorigenesis mechanisms of renal cell carcinoma?

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression with clinicopathologic features and determine the impact on prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods: Expression of COX-2 was evaluated immunohistochemically in RCC tissues from 62 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy between 1996 and 2004. Percentage of COX-2 staining was scored as 0 (negative), 1 (1-24%), 2 (25-49%), 3 (50-74%), and 4 (75-100%).

Comparison of 1998 WHO/ISUP and 1973 WHO classifications for interobserver variability in grading of papillary urothelial neoplasms of the bladder. Pathological evaluation of 258 cases.

Aim: Our aim was to compare the interobserver variability between the 1998 WHO/ISUP and 1973 WHO classifications.

Methods: 258 consecutive papillary urothelial carcinomas were reviewed by two pathologists and assigned a tumor grade according to the 1973 WHO and 1998 WHO/ISUP without the knowledge of primary diagnosis and clinical follow-up. All cases were also histologically staged by the two pathologists separately as follows: pTa (noninvasive), pT1 (lamina propria invasion only), pT2 (muscularis propria invasion).

Is there an impact of postoperative urethral and periurethral anatomical features in post-radical retropubic prostatectomy incontinence?

Objectives: To determine the anatomical changes in urethral and periurethral tissues after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and correlate these changes to continence.

Materials And Methods: 14 patients with grade 2-5 incontinence and 16 continent (grade 1) patients who had undergone non-nerve-sparing RRP for clinically localized prostatic carcinoma were evaluated. The sphincteric urethral length, transverse and craniocaudal diameters of both levator ani muscles and the volume of periurethral fibrosis were determined by abdominopelvic MRI.

Pneumatic lithotripsy for large ureteral stones: is it the first line treatment?

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of pneumatic lithotripsy (PL) with ureteroscopy in the treatment of large ureteral stones.

Methods: We reviewed, retrospectively, the records of 156 patients (122 male, 34 female) who had ureteral calculi larger than 10 mm that were treated with PL. Of these patients, 41 (26.

Can serum Inhibin B and FSH levels, testicular histology and volume predict the outcome of testicular sperm extraction in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia?

Introduction: In our study, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Inhibin B, testicular volumes and distribution of testicular sperm extraction (TESE) outcome according to the histological diagnosis in men with non-obstructive azoospermia.

Materials And Methods: Between February 2001 and April 2002, 66 men presenting with infertility of at least 1 year were found to have non-obstructive azoospermia. Serum FSH and Inhibin B levels, testicular volumes and pathological analysis were reviewed retrospectively using medical records of these patients.

The impact of pelvicaliceal anatomical variation between the stone-bearing and normal contralateral kidney on stone formation in adult patients with lower caliceal stones.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of pelvicaliceal anatomical differences on the etiology of lower caliceal stones.

Materials And Methods: Records of adult patients between January 1996 and December 2005 with solitary lower caliceal stone were reviewed. After exclusion of patients with hydronephrosis, major renal anatomic anomalies, non-calcium stones, history of recurrent stone disease and previous renal surgery, 78 patients were enrolled into the study.

Is pelvicaliceal anatomy a risk factor for stone formation in patients with solitary upper caliceal stone?

Objectives: To investigate the effect of pelvicaliceal anatomy on stone formation in patients with solitary upper caliceal stones.

Methods: The records of patients with solitary upper caliceal stones between 1996 and 2004 were reviewed. After the exclusion of patients with hydronephrosis, major anatomic abnormalities, noncalcium stones, metabolic abnormalities, history of recurrent stone disease, multiple stones, and previous renal surgery, 42 patients (24 male, 18 female) and 42 healthy subjects (22 male, 20 female) with normal results on intravenous pyelography (IVP) were enrolled into the study.

Relation between cyclooxygenase-2 expression and clinicopathologic parameters with patient prognosis in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression and clinicopathologic findings with the effect of these variables on prognosis of bladder cancer.

Methods: Cox-2 expression was examined immunohistochemically in paraffin blocks of 99 patients. Correlations between Cox-2 expression and variables like cancer stage and grade, number of mitoses, angiolymphatic invasion, number and size of the lesions were determined.

Power Doppler ultrasound mapping in nonobstructive azoospermic patients prior to testicular sperm extraction.

This study was conducted to localize the testicular regions, which have better blood circulation by power Doppler ultrasonography in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia before testicular sperm extraction (TESE), and to investigate whether these vascularized areas have a high sperm retrieval rate or not. We evaluated 110 testes of 55 cases that were diagnosed as nonobstructive azoospermia. The mean age of the study group was 33 years (range 26 to 42).

Cortically located collecting duct carcinoma.

Collecting duct carcinoma is a rare, highly aggressive, renal tumor arising from the distal collecting ducts. Various histologic patterns can be found in the same tumor but most demonstrate duct-like or papillary architecture surrounded by desmoplastic stroma. Grossly, these tumors are typically located in the medullary portion of the kidney near the region of the pelvis without extensive hemorrhage.

Is varicocele a prognostic factor for determining sperm retrieval rate before testicular sperm extraction?

66 nonobstructive azoospermic mean with normal genetic analysis composed of 32 (48%) patients with and 34 (52%) patients without varicocele were evaluated for the rate of sperm extraction five months after the varicocelectomy. Sperm retrieval was successful in 22 of 32 patients (68%) who had been operated because of varicocele and in 13 of 34 patients (38.2%) who had no varicocele (OR = 3.

Complexed prostate specific antigen density is better than the other PSA derivatives for detection of prostate cancer in men with total PSA between 2.5 and 20 ng/ml: results of a prospective multicenter study.

Purpose: This prospective, multicenter study was initiated to evaluate the diagnostic performance of PSA, free/total PSA (f/tPSA) and complexed PSA (cPSA) with volume-based parameters for early detection of prostate cancer in patients with PSA between 2.5 and 20 ng/ml.

Materials And Methods: 408 subjects with serum PSA values between 2.

Management of ureteral stones with pneumatic lithotripsy: report of 500 patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of pneumatic lithotripsy (PL) with ureteroscopy in the treatment of ureteral stones.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed, retrospectively, the records of 500 patients (366 male, 134 female) with ureteral calculi treated by PL with the Swiss Lithoclast. Of these patients, 124 (24.

Pelvicalyceal stone load: a factor affecting the outcome of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for renal pelvic calculi.

Objectives: To determine the effect of variations in pelvicalyceal volume on the results of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and the relationship of stone load to estimated pelvicalyceal volume in patients with renal pelvic stones.

Patients And Methods: In all, 204 patients with renal pelvic stones were treated primarily by ESWL. Exclusion criteria were radiolucent stones, dilatation of the renal collecting system, JJ stent insertion before ESWL and an inadequate follow-up.

Urinary incontinence after pelvic trauma: a case report.

Stress and Urge urinary incontinence may develop after a pelvic trauma especially after pelvic bone fractures. Incontinence may persist even though any type of bladder neck suspension is performed if malunion occurs between fracture ends. In stress and urge urinary incontinence developed after pelvic trauma, patients should also be evaluated for malunion of fractures which may lead to bone spurs and during any type of bladder neck suspension these should also be removed.

Magnetic resonance imaging and morphometric histologic analysis of prostate tissue composition in predicting the clinical outcome of terazosin therapy in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Purpose: To determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or quantitative color-imaged morphometric analysis (MA) of the prostate gland are related to the clinical response to terazosin.

Methods: Thirty-six male patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with a serum prostate-specific antigen level of 4-10 ng/mL underwent MRI with body coil, transrectal prostate ultrasonography and biopsy prior to terazosin therapy. For MRI-determined stromal and non-stromal BPH, the ratio of the signal intensity of the inner gland to the obturator internus muscle was evaluated.

The value of percent free prostate specific antigen, prostate specific antigen density of the whole prostate and of the transition zone in Turkish men.

Introduction: This study was undertaken to evaluate the value of percent free prostate specific antigen (PSA), PSA density of the whole prostate (PSAD) and of the transition zone (TZPSAD) in reducing unnecessary biopsies in Turkish men with serum PSA levels between 2.5 and 20 ng/mL.

Materials And Methods: A total of 105 patients referred for early prostate cancer detection or lower urinary tract symptoms participated in the study.

What is the optimal treatment for lower ureteral stones larger than 1 cm?

Purpose: To compare the treatment options for lower ureteral stones larger than 1 cm.

Methods: The records of 449 patients with lower ureteral calculi larger than 1 cm were reviewed retrospectively. Of these patients 342 (76.

Comparison of the nuclear matrix protein 22 with voided urine cytology and BTA stat test in the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Objective: To assess sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) test, BTA stat test and cytology in the urine of patients with a spectrum of urologic conditions, including bladder cancer.

Methods: A total of 140 patients (40 with bladder cancer) provided a urine sample which was divided into appropriate aliquots for each of the tests cited above. The endoscopist, pathologist, cytologist and the person performing BTA stat test and NMP22 test were blinded as to the results of the other tests.

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in anomalous kidneys.

Background And Objective: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is accepted as first-line therapy for kidney stones. The aim of this study was to evaluate SWL therapy in patients with congenital urinary system anomalies.

Patients And Methods: A total of 120 patients with congenital urinary system anomalies and kidney stones who underwent SWL treatment were evaluated.

Treatment of ureteral stones: comparison of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and endourologic alternatives.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of ESWL and ureteroscopic lithotripsy with pneumatic, ultrasonic and electrohydraulic modalities in patients with ureteral stones.

Patients And Method: In this study, 1,970 patients with ureteral stones were evaluated. ESWL and ureteroscopic lithotripsies were performed in 1,580 and 484 patients, respectively.

Nuclear p53 overexpression in bladder, prostate, and renal carcinomas.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine nuclear p53 overexpression in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, adenocarcinoma of the prostate, and renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: Forty-four pathologic specimens from 39 bladder cancer patients, 41 prostatic adenocarcinoma, and 39 renal cell carcinoma specimens were analyzed immunohistochemically with D07 monoclonal antibody to detect the expression of the mutant p53 gene. Overexpression was said to occur when the number of positively-stained tumor nuclei were > or = 10% in each specimen.