Correlation of Prostate High-Resolution Microultrasound With Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objective: To assess the correlation between high-resolution microultrasound (microUS) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) in clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) lesion identification.

Methods: We reviewed our prospectively maintained database of 267 consecutive patients who underwent MP-MRI and transperineal microUS-guided biopsy between February 2021 and April 2023. The Prostate Risk Identification using MicroUS (PRI-MUS) protocol was utilized to risk stratify prostate lesions, with PRI-MUS 3-5 defined as positive.

Successful Percutaneous Ultrasonic Lithotripsy of Gallstones.

Acute calculous cholecystitis is the obstruction of the cystic duct by a gallstone that leads to inflammation of the gallbladder necessitating cholecystectomy. We present the cases of 2 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis who were deemed ineligible candidates for cholecystectomy because of their complicating medical histories. Both patients initially underwent cholecystostomy and drain placement with interventional radiology for management of acute calculous cholecystitis.

Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for the Treatment of Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive treatment option for intracranial tumors that are challenging to treat via traditional methods; however, its safety and efficacy are not yet well validated in the literature. The objectives of the study were to assess the available evidence of the indications and adverse events (AEs) of LITT and 1-year progression-free survival and 1-year overall survival in the treatment of primary and secondary brain tumors.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted through the databases PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library until October 2021.

Parents of Children With Newly Diagnosed Disorders of Sex Development Identify Major Concerns: A Qualitative Study.

Objectives: To develop a conceptual framework to understand and define the impact of DSD diagnosis and management from the perspective of parents of recently diagnosed children.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of children diagnosed with 46 XX, 46 XY, or chromosomal DSD including complete or partial androgen insensitivity, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, or 5-alpha reductase deficiency. Analysis was completed using content analysis with an inductive approach by three coders.

Social distancing during COVID-19: threat and efficacy among university students in seven nations.

COVID-19 has been spreading fast worldwide, and until effective and safe vaccines have been widely adopted, preventive measures such as social distancing are crucial to keep the pandemic under control. The study's research questions asked which psychosocial factors predict social distancing behavior and whether there are country-level differences in social distancing? Using the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) as a theoretical lens, we examined the predictive effects of threat and efficacy and demographic variables on adherence to the COVID-19 preventive behavior of social distancing using a survey among an international sample of university students. Using path modeling and analysis of covariance, we confirmed the predictive effects of the EPPM on social distancing behavior.

#Arabhealth on Instagram: Examining Public Health Messages to Arabian Gulf State Audiences.

Instagram is a social media platform used for communicating health information to audiences in the member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), but little is known about the specific use of the platform for this purpose. This study, focused on 1,000 Instagram posts by the GCC Ministries of Health, analyzed how public health information is discussed differently across the GCC on Instagram, as well as the extent to which Health Belief Model (HBM) variables - a frequently used health behavior theory focused on understanding individual adoption of certain health behaviors - are present in these posts. Results showed that a majority of messages did not include HBM constructs other that perceived benefits and calls to action, limiting their potential for effective public health communication.

Community perspectives on difference of sex development (DSD) diagnoses: A crowdsourced survey.

Introduction And Objectives: Differences of sex development (DSD) engender ethical, social and psychosexual complexities that can complicate medical decision-making. We performed a web-based pilot study to estimate the utility value of a DSD diagnosis and to identify community concerns regarding DSD management.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was posted on Amazon's Mechanical Turk, an online crowdsourcing platform.

Electronic direct-to-consumer advertising of pharmaceuticals: an assessment of textual and visual content of websites.

Considering the important role of the Internet in health information seeking by consumers, it is critical to examine the health information that is available to them through the Internet. This study contributes to existing knowledge by employing a content analysis to examine visual and textual information on prescription medication websites. A stratified random sample was selected from a list of the 100 most-prescribed medications in the United States.

Patterns of inpatient care for prostate cancer in men with spina bifida.

Background: Advances in medical care have increased the long-term survival of patients with spina bifida. Despite this growing population, limited knowledge is available on age-related illnesses in adults with spina bifida, particularly prostate cancer for which there is no published data.

Objective: Our aim was to describe inpatient care for prostate cancer in men with spina bifida in the United States.

Nationwide Readmission Rates Following Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Does Age Matter?

Despite minimal evidence that evaluates the effect of age on percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) morbidity, pediatric and elderly patients are considered high-risk groups. Our objective was to assess the effect of the extremes of ages on PCNL readmission and postoperative complication rates. We identified all PCNL encounters in the 2013 and 2014 Nationwide Readmission Database.

Partial and radical nephrectomy in children, adolescents, and young adults: Equivalent readmissions and postoperative complications.

Objectives: To compare and contrast the use of partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) in pediatric malignant renal tumors using a nationally representative database.

Methods: The 2010-2014 Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) was used to obtain PN and RN select postoperative data. ICD-9-CM codes were used to identify children (<10 years), adolescents (10-19 years) and young adults (20-30 years) diagnosed with malignant renal tumors who were treated with a PN or RN.

Hospital and ED charges for spina bifida care in the United States between 2006 and 2014: Over $2 billion annually.

Background: More children with spina bifida (SB) are surviving into adulthood. Unfortunately, little data exist regarding the economic implications of modern SB care.

Objective: We examined economic data from two national databases to estimate the annual nationwide hospital and emergency charges of SB from 2006-14.

Who Supports Honor-Based Violence in the Middle East? Findings From a National Survey of Kuwait.

This study reports findings from what is, to the authors' knowledge, the first nationally representative survey of public attitudes toward honor-based violence (HBV) in a Middle East country affected by such violence, and one of very few if any such national surveys undertaken in any context. In a telephone survey of 1,050 adult citizens of the Arab Gulf state of Kuwait, we collect attitudinal and behavioral measures of support for HBV. Facilitated by vignettes, item order randomization, and other survey best practices designed to reduce social desirability bias, the survey measures both support for HBV in principle and support for legislation permitting it.

The evaluation of three comorbidity indices in predicting postoperative complications and readmissions in pediatric urology.

Introduction: The surgical comorbidity assessment is important for patient risk stratification, counseling, and research. In adults, risk assessment indices, such as the Charlson Co-morbidity Score (CCS) or Van Walraven Index (VWI), are well established. In pediatrics, however, risk assessment indices are scarce.

Contemporary Demographic, Treatment, and Geographic Distribution Patterns for Disorders of Sex Development.

This study aimed to describe the demographic characteristics, hospital utilizations, patterns of inpatient surgical management, and the overall state/regional variation in surgery rate among patients with disorders of sex development (DSD). We analyzed the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2001 to 2012 for patients younger than 21 years. DSD-related diagnoses and procedures were identified via International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes.

Centralized vs. Decentralized Nursing Stations: An Evaluation of the Implications of Communication Technologies in Healthcare.

Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between the nursing station design and use of communication technologies by comparing centralized and decentralized nursing stations.

Background: The rapid changes in communication technologies in healthcare are inevitable. Communication methods can change the way occupants use a space.

Engineering the elongation factor Tu for efficient selenoprotein synthesis.

Selenocysteine (Sec) is naturally co-translationally incorporated into proteins by recoding the UGA opal codon with a specialized elongation factor (SelB in bacteria) and an RNA structural signal (SECIS element). We have recently developed a SECIS-free selenoprotein synthesis system that site-specifically--using the UAG amber codon--inserts Sec depending on the elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu). Here, we describe the engineering of EF-Tu for improved selenoprotein synthesis.