Unveiling Progress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Endoscopic Posterior Cricoid Split With Posterior Cartilage Graft.

Subglottic and posterior glottic stenosis (PGS) narrows distinct areas of the larynx, while bilateral vocal fold immobility (BVFI) is characterized by static cords. Treatments include open surgeries and newer endoscopic methods, offering comparable safety, quicker recovery, and fewer complications. This study assesses the decannulation rate of endoscopic posterior cricoid split with posterior cartilage grafting (EPCCG) in pediatric patients with posterior glottic stenosis, subglottic stenosis (SGS), and BVFI.

Online Arabic and English Digits-in-Noise Tests: Effects of Test Language and At-Home Testing.

Purpose: The Digits-in-Noise (DIN) test is used widely in research and, increasingly, in remote hearing screening. The reported study aimed to provide basic evaluation data for browser-based DIN software, which allows remote testing without installation of an app. It investigated the effects of test language (Arabic vs.

Factors affecting graft healing in laryngotracheal reconstruction: a retrospective single-center experience.

Purpose: To examine the factors that affect graft healing after laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January-2008 and October-2023. We included all patients who underwent LTR and required anterior and/or posterior graft placement, while those who underwent procedures without graft placement and those with incomplete information were excluded.

Video Captioning and Subtitles in Second Language Listening Comprehension: Fast-Paced Versus Slow-Paced Speakers.

The present study examines the impact of implementing video captioning and subtitles on listening comprehension with special reference to the speaker's speed. A total of 64 undergraduate Saudi EFL learners were assigned into six groups: fast speaker with full captioning, fast speaker with subtitles, fast speaker with no captioning nor subtitles, slow speaker with full captioning, and slow speaker with subtitles, slow speaker with no captioning nor subtitles. Each group was instructed to watch a video in English under its assigned condition and then answered a listening test.

Clinical evaluation of pediatric patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.: A longitudinal study at a Saudi Arabian tertiary care center.

Objectives: To study the clinical evaluation of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) patients and the factors associated with the improvement in the Derkay's score as a measure of disease severity.

Methods: A retrospective cohort that included all juvenile RRP patients who were admitted to King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between September 2015 and June 2022 and underwent surgical debulking.

Results: A total of 16 patients were eligible to join our study.

Factors Affecting the Length of Stay in the Intensive Care Unit among Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to assess patient-related factors associated with the LOS among adults admitted to the ICU in Saudi Arabia. The Ministry of Health provided a cross-sectional dataset for 2021, which served as the data source for this study. The data included data on adults admitted to different ICUs at various hospitals.

Effect of Intralesional Steroid Injections Among Patients with Acquired Laryngotracheal Stenosis Undergoing Endoscopic Balloon Dilation Using Pulmonary Function Tests.

Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is characterized by an abnormal decrease in the upper airway diameter. The pulmonary function test (PFT) is an effective adjunctive diagnostic tool for upper airway obstruction. LTS can be managed with either open surgery or less invasive endoscopic approaches, among which endoscopic balloon dilation is the main method; this may include concurrent intralesional steroid injection (ILSI), which has the potential of improving the outcomes.

Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy among Home Health Care Service Recipients in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Vaccine hesitancy has been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a major worldwide health threat. Home Health Care (HHC) service recipients represent a vulnerable group and were prioritized to receive coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination during the national vaccine campaigns in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to investigate the most frequent reasons for vaccine hesitancy among home health care recipients in Saudi Arabia.

The Effectiveness and Safety of Direct-Acting Antivirals in the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Study Based on the Saudi Ministry of Health Surveillance Data From 2017 to 2021.

Background and objective While the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has had a hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination program in place since 2015, there have been limited studies investigating the effectiveness and safety of direct-acting antivirals (DAAS) based on the Ministry of Health (MOH) surveillance data. In light of this, this study was conducted to assess the effectiveness and safety of DAAS (glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, daclatasvir/sofosbuvir, or other combinations) in treating HCV cases in Saudi Arabia as per the MOH data from 2017 to 2021. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study involving recorded HCV cases in the national hepatitis surveillance database of MOH across all regions of KSA from 2017 to 2021.

A yeast-based system to study SARS-CoV-2 Mpro structure and to identify nirmatrelvir resistant mutations.

The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is a major therapeutic target. The Mpro inhibitor, nirmatrelvir, is the antiviral component of Paxlovid, an orally available treatment for COVID-19. As Mpro inhibitor use increases, drug resistant mutations will likely emerge.

Is adenotonsillectomy effective in improving central apnea events in patients with obstructive sleep apnea? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of adenotonsillectomy on improving central sleep apnea events in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: We searched four online databases for relevant articles published from inception until October 2022. We included studies that measured the number of central apnea events per sleep and central apnea-hypopnea index (CAHI) or central apnea index (CAI) scores in children with OSA before and after adenotonsillectomy.

Drivers of Patients' Behavioral Intention toward Public and Private Clinics' Services.

In an era of growing competition in the healthcare market, adopting a patient-centered approach is mandatory for the survival and growth of any public or private hospital. This requires a better understanding of patients' behavior and an increased focus on satisfying their needs and expectations. This paper was developed in this context and aims to study the main drivers of patients' behavioral intentions.

Spirometry in laryngotracheal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the changes in spirometry parameters or indices after relieving laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) in adult patients.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO databases was conducted for assessing changes in spirometry values after endoscopic balloon dilatation of LTS in adults. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.

Comparison Between Flap and Primary Closures of Persistent Tracheocutaneous Fistula: A Scoping Review.

To compare the susceptibility and complication rates between flap and primary closures for tracheocutaneous fistula (TCF). We searched 4 online databases (Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus) for relevant articles published from study inception until August 2022. Studies including at least 5 adult or child patients with persistent TCFs who underwent closure surgery via primary or flap repair were included.

Translation and validation of the Arabic version of the sleep-related breathing disorder scale of the pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ-SRBD).

Background/objectives: The incidence of sleep-related breathing disorders is underestimated because polysomnography is required to confirm its diagnosis. The pediatric sleep questionnaire-sleep-related breathing disorder (PSQ-SRBD) scale is a self-reported questionnaire completed by a patient's guardian. There is no validated Arabic version of the PSQ-SRBD that can be used in the Arabic-speaking population.

Impact of quarantine on sleep quality and psychological status in COVID-19 suspected cases in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate into mental health outcomes such as stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as sleep quality in suspected COVID-19 quarantined cases.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that used an online survey to target suspected COVID-19 cases in quarantine facilities. Data were collected on several aspects of participants' sociodemographic characteristics, sleep disturbance, and mental health status.

Clinical Findings Predicting Posttraumatic Endophthalmitis after Repair of Open Globe Injuries.

Background: To evaluate risk factors for developing endophthalmitis after repair of open globe injuries.

Methods: Retrospective chart analysis of 1303 patients from May 1996 till December 2019.

Results: All patients received prophylactic intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics for 5-7 days.

Adverse Respiratory Events After Pediatric Endoscopic Airway Surgeries.

Objective: Perioperative risk stratification of pediatric patients undergoing airway intervention remains crucial in identifying those at a higher risk of requiring postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) care. Here we determined the likelihood of and possible risk factors for developing perioperative adverse respiratory events (PAREs) requiring ICU care after various pediatric endoscopic airway surgeries (EASs).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients who were aged <18 years and underwent EAS between 2015 and 2021.

Predictors of Mortality in Home Health Care Service: Data from Saudi Arabia.

Objective: This study aimed to 1) report the prevalence of chronic conditions among Saudi people receiving long-term home health care (HHC) services, 2) identify the predictors of mortality among individuals receiving long-term HHC services, and 3) study the association between frailty and poor health outcomes among HHC users.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study.

Setting And Participants: A total of 555 participants were recruited from HHC services at King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Establishing the reliability and the validity of the Arabic translated versions of the Effort Assessment Scale and the Fatigue Assessment Scale.

Objective: The aim was to establish the reliability and the validity of Arabic translated versions of the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) and the Effort Assessment Scale (EAS).

Design: The FAS and the EAS were translated from the original English following a recommended six-step approach for translating hearing-related questionnaires for different languages. The reliability of the scales was investigated using Cronbach's alpha, item-total correlation, and inter-item correlation.

Safety profile and efficacy of high-dose topical mitomycin-C for choanal atresia repair: A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: To study the effect of dose-adjusted mitomycin-c (MMC) on the recurrence rate of choanal atresia (CA), and the complication rate associated with this concentration.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted between May 2012 and March 2020 at a tertiary referral center. It included patients of all ages who were diagnosed with CA and scheduled to undergo surgical repair.

Microbiological profiles of tracheostomy patients: a single-center experience.

Background: This study compared the prevalence of common microorganisms in obstructed and non-obstructed cases across the four quarters on the first post-tracheostomy year.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of the microbiological profiles of all adult patients who underwent a tracheostomy was conducted between June 2015 and September 2019 at our hospital. Based on the tracheostomy indications, patients were allocated to obstructed or non-obstructed group.

Correlation of airway ultrasonography and laryngoscopy findings in adults with subglottic stenosis: a pilot study.

Purpose: Ultrasonography of the airway has potential as an alternative, non-invasive, method to monitor patients with subglottic stenosis in an outpatient setting. This prospective, interventional, double-blinded study aimed to correlate ultrasound-based and laryngoscopy-based subglottic stenosis assessment in adults.

Methods: The study was conducted between July 2020 and March 2021 at a tertiary referral center.