Morphometric evaluation of the orbital region for sex determination in a Saudi Arabian population using 3DCT images.

In forensic anthropology, the analysis of variations in the orbitometric features plays a crucial role in identifying the sex of a skull detached from its skeleton. Therefore, it is essential to create population-specific values to maximize the accuracy rate of sex estimation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the orbital region morphometrically for sex determination in a Saudi Arabian population using CT scan images.

Morphometric analysis of foramen magnum and occipital condyle using CT images for sex determination in a Saudi Arabian population.

Objective Of The Study: The objective of this study was to evaluate FM and occipital condyles measurements morphometrically for sex determination by using discriminant function analysis and to note visually the variation in the shape of the foramen magnum in a Saudi Arabian population by using CT scan images.

Material And Methods: This study included 472 CT scans (236 males and 236 females; age range, 18-72 years). The foramen magnum shapes were classified into 8 types: oval, egg, round, hexagonal, pentagonal, tetragonal, irregular (A) and irregular (B).

ESTIMATION OF THE ORGAN AND EFFECTIVE DOSE TO PATIENTS UNDERGOING MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY EXAMINATIONS IN SAUDI ARABIA.

Quantifying the radiological risk from diagnostic radiography is essential for patients' safety. Effective dose is considered the best quantity to determine the stochastic risk associated with the radiological examinations. Therefore, the present work investigated organ and effective dose for adult patients in the most common type of X-ray examinations, such as the chest (PA/LAT), abdomen (AP) and lumbar spine (AP/LAT) projections.

Discovery and Protein Modeling Studies of Novel Compound Mutations Causing Resistance to Multiple Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Objective: BCR-ABL fusion oncogene is the hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), causing genomic instability which leads to accumulation of mutations in BCR-ABL as well as other genes. BCR-ABL mutations are the cause of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistance in CML. Recently, compound BCR-ABL mutations have been reported to resist all FDA approved TKIs.

The role of academic electronic books in undergraduate students' achievement in higher education.

The study objective was to seek the role of utilizing academic electronic books on Ajman University undergraduate students' achievement and faculty members viewpoints about their use. The study participants were 91 students, split into two groups the first group was empirical (46) and the other group was control (45) plus 220 members of the faculty. A performance test and a questionnaire were designed and implemented as tools of study.

Assessment of Patient Radiation Dose during Conventional Diagnostic X-ray Examinations in Three Public Hospitals in Northern Jordan using TLDs.

This study aims to measure entrance surface doses during routine chest and abdomen x-ray examinations of adult and child patients. Radiation dose measurements were performed using thermoluminescent dosimeters TLD-100s in three major public hospitals in northern Jordan on a total of 100 patients. Wide variations in entrance surface doses were observed within and between hospitals, which might be attributed to significant variations of the selected exposure parameters.

The feasibility of using Saffron to reduce the photosensitivity reaction of selected photosensitizers using red blood cells and staphylococcusAureus bacteria as targets.

Background: The photosensitivity reaction which appears after a Photodynamic therapy treatment session is a challenge that needs further investigation. The goal of this research is to evaluate the possibility of using saffron to reduce or control this photosensitivity reaction and to present mathematical modeling of the cell survival curves and their dependency on saffron concentration.

Methods: Red blood cells (RBC) and Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria (STB) were used as targets in this study.

Assessment of the committed effective dose due to the Po intake from fish consumption for the Arabian Gulf population.

This study aims to assess the committed effective dose due to the intake of Po from the consumption of fish in Arabian Gulf countries. Twenty different kinds of fish, which represent the most common fish species consumed in the Arabian Gulf countries, were analyzed using alpha spectrometer technique. Po activity concentrations in fish samples were found to vary over a wide range from 0.

Seasonal variation of indoor radon concentration in a desert climate.

Radon is one of the sources that negatively affect dwellings air quality and is ranked as a main cause of lung cancer after cigarette smoking. The indoor radon concentrations usually affected by the conditions of the environment surrounding the dwellings. Seasonal variations can have a significant impact on the indoor radon concentrations.

Influence of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO) on erythrocyte photohemolysis via photofrin and Rose Bengal sensitization.

Background: Iron oxide (FeO) nanoparticles (IO-NP) were recently employed in medical applications as a diagnostic tool and drug carrier. Photofrin (PF) is a photosensitizer that clinically is used in Photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Study Design: The photosensitivity of PF and Rose Bengal (RB) mixed with (IO-NP) on red blood cells (RBCs) lysis was investigated.

Introducing Cichorium Pumilum as a potential therapeutical agent against drug-induced benign breast tumor in rats.

Cichorium Pumilum (chicory) is could be a promising cancer treatment in which a photosensitizing drug concentrates in benign tumor cells and activated by quanta at certain wavelength. Such activated extracts could lead to cell death and tumor ablation. Previous studies have shown that Cichorium Pumilum (chicory) contains photosensitive compounds such as cichoriin, anthocyanins, lactucin, and Lactucopicrin.

Radon concentration and radon effective dose rate in dwellings of some villages in the district of Ajloun, Jordan.

Indoor and soil radon concentrations were measured in the villages of Ayn-Jana, Ishtafena, Samta and Umm-Yanabe' in the district of Ajloun, Jordan. Several factors that are strongly related to the radon concentrations are considered whether in soil such as its type or indoors such as room occupation type, floor level and building materials. In the village of Ayn-Jana, our results showed that the average radon concentration decreases gradually as the floor level increases.

Magnetic nanoparticles sensitize MCF-7 breast cancer cells to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis.

Background: Resistance of breast cancer cells to the available chemotherapeutics is a major obstacle to successful treatment. Recent studies have shown that magnetic nanoparticles might have significant application in different medical fields including cancer treatment. The goal of this study is to verify the ability of magnetic nanoparticles to sensitize cancer cells to the clinically available chemotherapy.

Artificial semi-rigid tissue sensitized with natural pigments: Effect of photon radiations.

Background: A new approach for evaluating the optical penetration depth and testing its validity with Monte Carlo simulations and Kubelka-Munk theory is used for artificial semi-rigid tissue sensitized with natural pigments. Photodynamic therapy is a promising cancer treatment in which a photosensitizing drug concentrates in malignant cells and is activated by visible light at certain wavelength.

Materials And Methods: Cheap artificial semi-rigid tissue incorporated with scattering and absorbing materials along with some other composites comparable to normal human tissue has been performed.

Perceptions of hookah smoking harmfulness: predictors and characteristics among current hookah users.

Introduction: Tobacco cigarette smoking a well-known cause of cancer and other diseases. Hookah smoking is another form of tobacco use that has rapidly spread in the United State and Europe. This study assessed beliefs about the harmfulness of smoking hookah.

Measurement of natural and artificial radioactivity in powdered milk consumed in Jordan and estimates of the corresponding annual effective dose.

The activity concentrations of (40)K, (226)Ra, (228)Ra and (137)Cs were measured for 14 brands of the powdered milk consumed in Jordan, which are imported from various regions around the world. The activity concentrations of (40)K were found not to vary greatly from one brand to the other with an average of 348 +/- 26 Bq kg(-1). However, the activity concentrations of (137)Cs revealed a geographical distribution being: (i) undetected in any of the samples from Argentina, (ii) uniformly distributed in samples from Europe with an average of 0.

Determination of the initial beam parameters in Monte Carlo linac simulation.

For Monte Carlo linac simulations and patient dose calculations, it is important to accurately determine the phase space parameters of the initial electron beam incident on the target. These parameters, such as mean energy and radial intensity distribution, have traditionally been determined by matching the calculated dose distributions with the measured dose distributions through a trial and error process. This process is very time consuming and requires a lot of Monte Carlo simulation experience and computational resources.

A software tool for 2D/3D visualization and analysis of phase-space data generated by Monte Carlo modelling of medical linear accelerators.

A computer program has been developed for novel 2D/3D visualization and analysis of the phase-space parameters of Monte Carlo simulations of medical accelerator radiation beams. The software is written in the IDL language and reads the phase-space data generated in the BEAMnrc/BEAM Monte Carlo code format. Contour and colour-wash plots of the fluence, mean energy, energy fluence, mean angle, spectra distribution, energy fluence distribution, angular distribution, and slices and projections of the 3D ZLAST distribution can be calculated and displayed.

Internal target volume determined with expansion margins beyond composite gross tumor volume in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for lung cancer.

Purpose: Gross tumor volume (GTV) of lung cancer defined by fast helical CT scan represents an image of moving tumor captured at a point in active respiratory movement. However, the method for defining internal margins beyond GTV to account for its expected physiologic movement and all variations in size and shape during the administration of radiation has not been established. The goal of this study was to determine the internal margins with expansion margins beyond individual GTVs defined with (1) fast scan at shallow free breathing, (2) breath-hold scans at the end of tidal volume inspiration and expiration, and (3) 4-s slow scan to approximate the composite GTV of all scans.