Effect of preoperative hair removal vs. no removal on surgical site infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The practice of preoperative hair removal has been debated regarding its role in Surgical Site Infection (SSI) prevention. This study aimed to compare the different hair removing modalities and investigate the effect of preoperative hair removal on SSI rates.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines.

Abdominopelvic tumors of infancy: a pictorial essay.

Abdominal and pelvic masses in infants present significant challenges for healthcare professionals and can be distressing for parents due to the wide spectrum of both benign and malignant conditions in this age group. This article concentrates on illustrating different types of abdominal and pelvic tumors, both benign and malignant, that occur in infants. It highlights the specific imaging characteristics of these tumors and covers non-neoplastic conditions that may appear similar on imaging.

Assessing outcomes of acute myocarditis in Saudi Arabia: A retrospective tertiary center experience.

Objectives: To assess the clinical course and long-term outcomes of complicated and uncomplicated AM in Saudi Arabia. Acute myocarditis (AM) can have different presentations and outcomes based on different factors, one of which is left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Methods: Data from 382 patients with suspected AM, admitted between January 2016 and October 2023, were reviewed.

A comparative meta-analysis of mini-transverse versus longitudinal techniques in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common nerve entrapment condition, and there is ongoing debate regarding the superiority of traditional open versus minimally invasive carpal tunnel surgery.

Methods: This meta-analysis reviewed six studies involving 478 patients to compare recovery and functional outcomes between the traditional longitudinal technique and the minimally invasive mini-transverse technique. The primary outcomes included the functional status scale (FSS), symptoms severity scale (SSS), pain scores, time to return to work, duration of operation, and incidence of complications.

Exploring Spine Surgeons' Perspectives on Salah (Islamic prayer) Performance Post-Surgery. Time for consensus?

Background: Post-surgical recovery following spine surgeries poses challenges for Muslim patients wishing to resume Salah (Islamic prayer), which involves physical movements like kneeling and prostration. This study aims to examine spine surgeons' perspectives on the appropriate timing and conditions for resuming Salah after spine surgery without restrictions.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey study included surgeons in Saudi Arabia who perform spine surgeries.

Numerical and experimental investigation of heat transfer enhancement in double tube heat exchanger using nail rod inserts.

The Double-tube heat exchanger (DTHX) is widely favored across various industries due to its compact size, low maintenance requirements, and ability to operate effectively in high-pressure applications. This study explores methods to enhance heat transfer within a DTHX using both experimental and numerical approaches, specifically by integrating a nail rod insert (NRI). A steel nails rod insert, 1000 mm in length, is introduced into the DTHX, which is subjected to turbulent flows characterized by Reynolds numbers ranging from 3200 to 5700.

Accuracy of body mass index compared to whole-body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in diagnosing obesity in adults in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Obesity is a major health concern that requires accurate diagnosis and management. Body mass index (BMI) commonly used to diagnose obesity, has limitations in accurately assessing body fat. Body fat percentage (BF%) from whole-body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans is gaining popularity as a more accurate method in diagnosing obesity.

A CBCT Study of Labial Alveolar Bone Thickness in the Maxillary Anterior Region in a Teaching Hospital Population in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Background And Objectives: Labial alveolar bone thickness in the maxillary anterior region is the key factor in the placement of implants. Differences in the thickness of the bone are reported among different ethnic groups. Thus, the present study was aimed at assessing labial alveolar bone thickness in the maxillary anterior region in the population of the eastern province of Saudi Arabia.

Heterogeneous breast phantom for computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

In this article, a heterogeneous multimodal anthropomorphic breast phantom with carcinoma is introduced to meet the response of the natural breast tissue when imaged using ionizing and non-ionizing machines. The skin, adipose, fibroglandular, pectoral muscle, and carcinoma tissue were mimicked. A T1-weighted breast magnetic resonance image with BI-RADS I tissue segmentation was used for molds creation.

Combining Ability and Inheritance Nature of Agronomic Traits and Resistance to Pink Stem () and Purple-Lined () Borers in Maize.

The pink stem borer (PSB), (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) purple-lined borer (PLB), (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and European corn borer , (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) are considered the most devastating insect pests of maize production in the Mediterranean region. The frequent use of chemical insecticides has resulted in the evolution of resistance to various insect pests as well as the pernicious impact on natural enemies and environmental hazardousness. Therefore, developing resistant and high-yielding hybrids is the best economic and environmental approach to cope with these destructive insects.

Multimodality imaging workup of classical Hodgkin lymphoma in an 8-month-old child.

The incidence of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) varies by age, most commonly affecting 15-19-year-olds. Cases in children less than 3 years old are exceedingly rare. We report a case of classical HL in an 8-month-old male; the youngest case reported thus far in the literature to our knowledge.

A case of spontaneous resolution of a scrotal ventriculoperitoneal shunt migration.

Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt catheter migration remains a rare but documented complication seen in one in 1000 patients who receive a VP shunt. Migration of the VP shunt into the scrotum is even more uncommon and requires surgical treatment. We report a unique case of a 6-month-old preterm male who developed right scrotal migration of his VP shunt.

Prediction of Date Fruit Quality Attributes during Cold Storage Based on Their Electrical Properties Using Artificial Neural Networks Models.

Evaluating and predicting date fruit quality during cold storage is critical for ensuring a steady supply of high-quality fruits to meet market demands. The traditional destructive methods take time in the laboratory, and the results are based on one specific parameter being tested. Modern modeling techniques, such as Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, offer unique benefits in nondestructive methods for food safety detection and predicting quality attributes.

Contrasting Association Between COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Mental Health Status in India and Saudi Arabia-A Preliminary Evidence Collected During the Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Vaccine hesitancy is a global public health threat. Understanding the role of psychological factors in vaccine hesitancy is often neglected and relatively less explored.

Aim And Objectives: To analyze the relationship between mental health and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy before and after the advent of COVID-19 vaccines (AC19V) in the general population of India and Saudi Arabia (KSA) which vary in severity of the pandemic and vaccine mandates.

Locomotor Behavior Analysis in Spinal Cord Injured after Predegenerated Peripheral Nerve Grafting-A Preliminary Evidence.

Introduction: Primate animal models are being utilized to explore novel therapies for spinal cord injuries. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the transplantation of predegenerated nerve segments in unilateral spinal cord-hemisected bonnet monkeys' () locomotor functions using the complex runways.

Materials And Methods: The bonnet monkeys were initially trained to walk in a bipedal motion on grid and staircase runways.

Dentistry Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Among the Saudi Arabian Dental Students.

The recent pandemic outbreak has created a huge impact on dentistry. Dental students and dental professionals are at a higher risk because dental practice comprises close communication and widespread exposure to blood, saliva, and other body fluids. It is imperative to evaluate the knowledge and perceptions regarding Coronavirus (COVID-19) among budding dentists.

Insights into the Immune-Related Transcriptomic Profiling to Combat Naturally Invading Pathogens.

Natural pathogen pressure is an important factor that shapes the host immune defense mechanism. The current study primarily aimed to explore the molecular basis of the natural immune defense mechanism of a sporadic pest, , during swarming by constructing cDNA libraries of the female mid-gut, male mid-gut, testes, and ovaries. The Illumina HiSeq platform generated an average of 7.

Potential Synergy between Spores of and Plant Secondary Metabolite, 1-Chlorooctadecane for Effective Natural Acaricide Development.

Date palm dust mites are important pests severely infesting valuable nutritious fruits (dates) of date palm. In search of an alternative to acaricides, joint action of EBCL 02049 spores and 1-Chlorooctadecane was evaluated as a potential candidate for the management of through natural products. In this regard, in vitro tests were performed to evaluate the interaction of spores with multiple doses of 1-Chlorooctadecane (0.

Student's Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.

Background Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving technique that is vital to deal with in many emergencies. Early interference with the cardiopulmonary resuscitation technique is really important for the survival of the patient. This study assesses the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding CPR among Qassim University students.

Development-Disrupting Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor, Novaluron, Reprogramming the Chitin Degradation Mechanism of Red Palm Weevils.

Disruption in chitin regulation by using chitin synthesis inhibitor (novaluron) was investigated to gain insights into the biological activity of chitinase in red palm weevils, an invasive pest of date palms in the Middle East. Impact of novaluron against ninth instar red palm weevil larvae was examined by dose-mortality response bioassays, nutritional indices, and expression patterns of genes characterized in this study. Laboratory bioassays revealed dose-dependent mortality response of ninth-instar red palm weevil larvae with LD of 14.

Lethality of Sesquiterpenes Reprogramming Red Palm Weevil Detoxification Mechanism for Natural Novel Biopesticide Development.

Natural biopesticide development for invasive populations of red palm weevils is mainly responsible for the destruction of date palms and demands an extensive screening program of plant secondary metabolites. In the current study, the pesticidal potential of sesquiterpenes (C H), an important class of plant secondary metabolites primarily composed of three isoprene units, was evaluated by laboratory toxicity, feeding performance bioassays, and host detoxification gene expression patterns. Dose-mortality response bioassays performed against mid-aged eighth-instar red palm weevil larvae revealed dose-dependent mortality.

Toxin-Pathogen Synergy Reshaping Detoxification and Antioxidant Defense Mechanism of (McGregor).

Current study reveals the likelihood to use pathogen and toxin mutually as an effective and eco-friendly strategy for (McGregor) management, which could reduce toxicant dose and host killing time. Therefore, phytol and in different proportions were evaluated to determine their effectiveness. Prior to ascertaining host mortality and defense mechanisms, we have recorded in vitro action of phytol using different concentrations (0.

Toxicity and Detoxification Mechanism of Black Pepper and Its Major Constituent in Controlling Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Curculionidae: Coleoptera).

The survival, feeding response, and detoxification mechanism of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, a key pest responsible for destruction of date palm, was examined with different extracts of Piper nigrum and its major constituent (piperine) identified by GC-MS. In the present study, toxicity of different extracts of black pepper was evaluated by incorporating diffferent doses of extracts into the artificial diet of red palm weevil larvae. All extracts showed dose-dependent insecticidal activity to the tested eighth-instar red palm weevil larvae.

Toxicity of Plant Secondary Metabolites Modulating Detoxification Genes Expression for Natural Red Palm Weevil Pesticide Development.

This study aimed to explore the larvicidal and growth-inhibiting activities, and underlying detoxification mechanism of red palm weevil against phenylpropanoids, an important class of plant secondary metabolites. Toxicity of α-asarone, eugenol, isoeugenol, methyl eugenol, methyl isoeugenol, coumarin, coumarin 6, coniferyl aldehyde, diniconazole, ethyl cinnamate, and rosmarinic acid was evaluated by incorporation into the artificial diet. All of the phenylpropanoids exhibited dose- and time-dependent insecticidal activity.